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Diem graduated and went into government services. As Diem began to get promotions he was facilitated by Nguyen Huu Bai. Who favored him due to them having family ties and religious similarities. Diem's patriotism also was a interest of Bai who was one of the top power brokers in Vietnam. One of Diem's goals which Bai worked with him on was loosening  colonial restrictions on Vietnam.

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Ho took control of government which led to many uproars and a lot of violence in Vietnam. One of the victims in the violence was Diem's brother. Ho wanted to work with Diem due to his religious affiliation which could help expand Ho's support base but Diem declined due to Ho causing the death of his brother and both of them having very different political beliefs.

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Diem is interviewed in mid-January and takes the time to portray the Indochina conflict in a way to appeal to American policymakers. He portrayed Ho Chi Minh and Mao Zedong as working to communize Indochina which gave America a reason to become involved as they didn't want communism to spread.

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Viet Minh controlled two thirds of Vietnam. While the French was reduced to enclaves around Hanoi, Haiphong, and Saigon. Many of the French troops had been killed. As France was slowly being made to leave Vietnam, Eisenhower decided to take over and assume the role of the Western combatant in Indochina.

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Diem received a favorable outcome during the Geneva convention. it brought hostility between France and the Viet Minh to a halt. It also divided Vietnam into the North and the South which had different political ideals. Elections would be held in both the South and the North.
The Geneva Accords.

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over two hundred thousand refugees were awaiting evacuation from Hanoi and Haiphong. which were mostly catholic wanted to head to the South Vietnam. The US helped mobilize the move of a large number of people. Also due to the first Indochina war, the roads, canals, and rivers were obstructed making transportation difficult.

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The 'psywars'. South Vietnamese soldiers were sent in civilians clothes to the north in order to spread propaganda and rumors in order to get more people to move to south vietnam and be distrustful of the north. one rumor was that viet minh made a deal with china to allow chinese troops to toam all over north vietnam. the goal was to get as many non-communist people to the south as possible. propaganda like "christ has gone to the south" has spread/ had been spread by americans. over 60% of the norths catholic population fled to the south.

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A referendum was staged in order to eliminate any competition for Diem to keep power in the south. It was an unfair vote as they did not want any possibility of Diem losing. They decided to stuff ballot boxes and create propaganda of Bao Dai everywhere making him look drunk and unprofessional. Diem won with 98.2% of the votes which raised a lot of suspicion.

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The constitution created gave Diem the ability to change any existing laws or create any. It also allowed him to call an emergency whenever he saw fit. As well as the ability to inhibit civil liberties.

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Diem declared landowners could not collect more than 25% of the farmers crops as well as giving farmers the ability to farm abandon land order to try and fix the land inequality in the country. The tenant farmers didn't like the new policies since they had already not been paying rent.

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The CIP was established and was maintained for 2 decades. It helped expand the middle class but did not help create any meaningful economic development. Licensed importers purchased more than they manufactured. Also most of the CIP money went to the ARVN.

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Can Lao personnel controlled every facet of the administrative apparatus. Also, labeled the revolutionary workers party which worked to look for traitors all over South Vietnam. They were able to go based off assumption and terrorize anyone they suspected to be a traitor. They had a lot of political power. Diems family controlled the government with his over 3 brothers holding very high positions.

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"Anti-Communist Denunciation Campaign" which was rooted in getting rid of Viet Minh members or sympathizers. Executions as well as imprisonment where extremely common. This plan to get rid of communist threats in South Vietnam backfired as many of the people living in North Vietnam began to fear the government. This plan also lead to the increase of more enemies and traitors.

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Madame Nhu took the lead in the government's anti-vice campaign. She passed legislation was a strict moral code. Abortion was banned, divorces were increasing hard to get. Adultery was a crime, people were arrested for loud clothes or modern hairstyles. There were also Public bonfires in which contraband was burned such as playing cards.

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Madame Nhu was also known as the dragon lady and a radical of the women movement as she passed the family law which banned polygamy. She took extreme measures in order to protect Vietnamese women from philandering husbands one of which being penalizing giao du. She also made it so women had full legal capacity in marriage.

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The August elections, which posed a threat to Diem as the people which people were voting for came from the national assembly which were people he was not related to. Diem had lost to Phan after sending out many ARVN members to vote against Phan. He had Phan arrested for fraud which was an unfair arrest in order to maintain power.

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The Caravelle group was a group of people who believed the treatment and arrest of Phan was unfair. It was a group of 18 politicians who wrote a letter to the president demanding reform and later making that letter public.

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The final nail in the coffin for Diem was the NLF which was created by a decision made at the Third Party Congress of the Communist Party. Which wanted to unify Vietnam and liberate the south fro Diem.

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The agroville campaign which was made in order to move and create villages away from communist influence. This however did not work because Diem wanted the people he was relocating to build their own villages for no cost. There wasn't much of an incentive to move. He had people build the agrovilles in work gangs with no compensation. Also, many people were attached to their homes.

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The battle of Ap Bac. It was the ARVN backed up by the US vs the VS. Despite having an aerial advantage, over 3000 ARVN soldiers died and lost to the VC who had a land advantage. The ARVN was very incompetent and unwilling to fight. Colonel Bin Dinh Dam, commander of the Seventh Division, had gave away the element of surprise which impacted the outcome of the battle of Ap Bac.