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What is it?
An artistic movement that began in France that embraced modernism and seeking new truths through reexamining traditional systems of values and beliefs. Realism revolutionized painting and expanded conceptions of art. It is recognized as the first modern art movement that rejected traditional forms of art and literature. To merge art and life, artists brought everyday life into their paintings.
When was it?
Realist movement began in 1840 and didn't end until late nineteenth century. However, Realism emerged in the aftermath of the Revolution of 1848. It was used to overturn the monarchy of Louis-Philippe. Later, it was further developed during the Second Empire under Napoleon III.

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narrator point of view:
a form of storytelling, that can be told from first (I or we), second (you), or third person (he or she)
example: third person point of view - "She was not satisfied with her test grade."
tone:
an attitude or approach an author takes towards the works central theme or subject
example: "I completed all my homework. Now, I can relax this weekend!"
author's purpose:
the reason an author decides to write about a specific topic
example: to provide PIE; persuade, inform and entertain
dialect:
a particular form of a language which is peculiar to a specific region or group; often distinguishes them from others
example: "Hey y'all" or "I reckon it don't matter" compared to "Hello" and "I guess its not important"
symbolism:
the practice or art of using an object or word to portray an abstract idea
example: the color black often represents evil or darkness or the color red symbolizes blood or danger

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Huckleberry Finn, a boy who grew up with an abusive drunken father, gained quite a bit of money from his adventures. When Pap, Huck's father, returns to town, he harasses Huck for his money. Furthermore Huck is in Pap's custody, leaving Huck locked in the cabin when Pap is gone and being beaten when Pap is home. Tired of the confinement and pain, Huck fakes his death and runs away. As he is hiding from the townspeople, Huck encounters a runaway slave, Jim. The two team up and attempt to leave the island to free states, where slavery is prohibited. After rescuing two con artists, the duke and dauphin, Huck and Jim cannot escape their clutches. The two con artists sell Jim to a local farmer by telling him that Jim is a runaway with a big reward. Huck discovers Jim is being held prisoner with Tom's relatives. Knowing this information, Tom, Jim, and Huck form a wild plan to free Jim. In the end, news revealed that Jim is a free man and Huck is offered an adoption by Tom's relatives.

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Realism emerged in the aftermath of the revolution of 1848. Rejecting ideals of classicism and romanticism, realism was based on direct observation of the real world. Realists worked in a chaotic area that was marked by revolution and widespread social change. Following the industrial revolution and the explosion of newspaper printing and mass media, there was a new conception of artists as self publicist. In the mid- 19th century, realism concerned itself with how life was structured socially, culturally, economically, etc. Painters took aims at social mores of bourgeoisie and monarchy.

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Realist paintings used dark, earthy palettes to depict high art's ultimate ideals of beauty

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Realist artists painted about real life events instead of idealistic images.

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The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit by John Singer Sargent

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The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit by John Singer Sargent

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Realist paintings often portrayed life's unpleasant moments

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morality - many of the characters struggled with moral dilemmas. However, Huck struggles throughout the story to find his sense of right and wrong but eventually finds his own set of beliefs
friendship - Huck and Jim stick with each other through their struggles in finding freedom
foolishness - pranks, cons, tricks, and deceptions often were used by characters to make a fool of others
deceit - many of the characters actions were based off of either benevolent or cunning lies
freedom - there was a lack of freedom throughout the story. Shown through Huck and Jim's perspective, the two were on the run to get away/be free from confinement