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Marshall S: Space Work (exploration/physical work)         

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Marshall S: Space Work (exploration/physical work)         

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VOCABULARY WORDS
1~ Pit Crater; a crater formed by a sinking or collapse of the surface above a carved out space.
2~ Space Probe; a robotic space craft that is used to explore farther in space than they can send humans.
3~ Eagle-eyed, eagle-eyed means very observant.
4~ Flyby is a flight past an object, usually the close approach of a spacecraft to a planet/moon for observation of that planet/moon.
5~ Charon; the largest of the five known natural moons of the dwarf planet Pluto.

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6~ Unmanned; unmanned means to be self-driving, and not to be controlled by a human/living thing.
NOTES
~  In article 1, 7th graders reveal lava flows, as well as unknowingly revealing a pit crater on Mars.
~ In article 2, a 12ft tall robot was programmed to lift heavy containers the size of kitchen stoves.
~ In article 3, the New Horizons spacecraft got closer to Pluto than any spacecraft before it.
~ In 1957, the Soviet Union sent a small satellite into space, Sputnik. Thus, starting the "Space Age."
CENTRAL IDEA
1~ In article 4; for years, people fantasized about leaving Earth and traveling to other planets.

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2~ In article 3; the New Horizons spacecraft's closest approach to Pluto was used to find and send data of Pluto's geography;
SUMMARY
1- In article 2; the author is teaching you about Dextre, a 12ft tall robot built to help the astronauts with repairing the space station, and moving/unloading heavy supply crates.

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2- In article 1, the author teaches you about kids that are part of a NASA student program, called "Mars Student Imaging Program." Allowing them to control NASA's Mars Odyssey cameras, with which they decided to look for common locations for lava tubes, but unknowingly discovering a new, rare pit crater.

ARTICLE LINKS
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7th graders make Mars discovery
1~http://www.scholastic.com/browse/article.jsp?id=3754429
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Space Robots Blast Off
2~http://www.scholastic.com/browse/article.jsp?id=3755701
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Space Probe Transmits New Views of Pluto
3~https://www.tweentribune.com/article/junior/space-probe-transmits-stunning-new-views-pluto/
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Space Exploration  (yes, its just called that)
4~https://www.esa.int/kids/en/learn/Life_in_Space/Exploration/Space_Exploration

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VOCAB WORDS
1.Weightlessness : Absence of weight.
2.Genomicist :  People who analyze DNA data.
3. Constellation : A group of stars forming a recognizable picture in the sky.

4.Platinum : A valuable silvery-white metal.
5.Observatories : A building that holds an astronomical telescope or other scientific equipment for studying natural phenomena.
6.Ultraviolet :  Has a shorter wavelength shorter than that of the violet end of the visible spectrum.

INTRODUCTION

The Apollo program, it's the big one. This is the program who sent humans to the moon for the first time. Apollo 11 is one of the most, if not most famous mission, that did just that. Apollo 11 was not the only one to land on the moon but 5 more missions were sent to the moon to land, and did. Those were Apollo 12 through Apollo 17. Apollo 17 was the last spacecraft with humans onboard to land on the moon to this day.

ARTICLE LINKS
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ARTICLE 1 - The Apollo Space Program
https://newsela.com/read/lib-nasa-apollo-program/id/2372
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ARTICLE 2 - The Moon Landing
https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/history/moon-landing/

CENTRAL IDEA- The central idea of article 1: All of the Apollo missions were important and brought back information to scientists but, some have become more famous than others.

Details for central idea:
1. A famous mission was Apollo 8, it was the first to orbit the moon.
2. A very famous mission was Apollo 11, the first to land on the moon.
3. One of the famous missions were Apollo 13, and was supposed to land on the moon but had a malfunction.
4. Apollo 17, was the last Apollo mission to land on the moon and was also pretty famous as well.
5. Scientists are still studying moon rocks today. They offer lots of information, like the history of the moon and outer space.

NOTES-
1- The Apollo program lasted from 1960 to 1975.
2- The first Moon landing happened on July 20, 1969.
3-Six of the flights landed on the moon, the last one landed on December 19, 1972.
4- Apollo 8 was the First to orbit the moon.
5. Apollo 7 and 9 were orbiting missions.

SUMMARY-
1- In article 2 the author starts the article with explaining how famous this mission is and how people gathered around to watch this amazing event happen. The author then goes on to explain about how this mission came to be and talks about the space race. The author then goes through the steps of how this historic event happened. The author ends by stating the crew landed back on earth on July 24, 1969 and 10 more astronauts would follow in their path. Lastly, the author talks about plans Nasa has for the future and how Apollo paved the way for more space exploration.

ARTICLE LINKS
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https://newsela.com/read/moon-trump-destination/id/27983
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https://newsela.com/read/nasa-twins-study/id/2157
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https://www.esa.int/kids/en/learn/Life_in_Space/Exploration/Space_Exploration
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The planet Io (Exploration of Io)               

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The planet Io (Exploration of Io)               

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VOCAB WORDS
1-  Galilean - relating to Galileo or his methods.
2- Magnetosphere - the region surrounding the earth or another astronomical body in which its magnetic field is the predominant effective magnetic field.
3- Mythology - a collection of myths, especially one belonging to a particular religious or cultural tradition.
4- Aerospace - A research field devoted to the study of Earth’s atmosphere and the space beyond or to aircraft that travel in the atmosphere and space.
5- Astronautics - A research field specializing in the design and construction of aircraft — including those created for space travel.
6- Propulsion - The act or process of driving something forward, using a force. For instance, jet engines are one type of propulsion for keeping airplanes aloft.
7- Subsurface - the stratum or strata below the earth's surface.

NOTES
~ With hundreds of volcanoes, the planet Io becomes the most volcanically active world in the solar system.
~ The planet Io was discovered on January. 8th, 1610 by Galileo Galilei.

CENTRAL IDEA
1- The central idea of this article is to describe the composition of Io's surface and subsurface, and the effect of the other large moons on Io. It is a volatile moon near Jupiter that is in a constant state of change. It experiences constant volcanic and magnetic activity on its surface and subsurface.

SUMMARY
1- In article 1 the author describes how Io has an irregular surface that bulges up and down sporadically. This is caused by the large moons Europa and Ganymede disturbing Io's orbit and causing it to be elliptical. Tidal forces create a great deal of heat within Io's subsurface crust and cause volcanic activity and magnetic forces to constantly change the surface of Io. Molten lava and liquid rock are constantly forming and reforming the surface of Io. Based on this volcanic and magnetic activity on Io it is unlikely that life could sustain itself on Io.

ARTICLE LINKS
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/jupiter-moons/io/in-depth/
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https://www.space.com/16419-io-facts-about-jupiters-volcanic-moon.html

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VOCAB WORDS
1-Supernova, a supernova is a star that is blowing up
2-White Dwarf, a star that has used most or all of it's nuclear fuel and became  into a size similar to Earth

3-gamma ray, the highest energy, shortest wavelengths electromagnetic radiations
4- Thermonuclear, relating to or using nuclear reactions that only happen at very high temperature.
5-Binary, as a adjective it means two different things but as a noun it becomes a binary system or notation.
6-Remnant, a small remaining quantity of something.
7-Type La Supernova, is a supernova that occurs in binary systems in which one star is a white dwarf. The other star can be a smaller white dwarf all the way to a humongous star.

NOTES
~ In article 1, it said that a supernova is the largest explosion that takes place in space.
~In article 1, it said that a sun is a star but does not have enough mass to become a supernova.
~In article 1, it said that supernovas teach scientists about space.
~In article 2, NASA studies a supernova that was triggered by a interaction between a red star and a white dwarf

CENTRAL IDEA
1-The central idea for article 1 is that scientists are studying supernovas to learn about space. On detail to support my thinking is that one supernova has shown that our universe is always expanding.

SUMMARY
1,- In the 1st article the author is teaching me about how supernovas are formed, researched, and its importance in discovering more parts in our universe.

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2,-In the second article the author taught me that NASA was observing a crucial supernova using there own Chandra x-ray

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ARTICLE LINKS
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Article 1
https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/5-8/features/nasa-knows/what-is-a-supernova.html
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Article 2
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/news/kepler_remnant.html