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-show your encouragement and support through big and little tasks
-boost confidence  by focusing on your child's strengths
-give your child small tasks to complete so they feel accomplished
-spend some one on one time each day
-really listen to what your child has to say/ initiate and engage in conversation with them
-let your child make own choices about sports and toys
-provide material and experiences/opportunities to build trusting relationships

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-learning to take turns
-feels guilty for mistakes
-interacts with same gender
-starts to show self confidence
-wants to please friends
-wants to be like the other kids
-plays and shares with other children
-uses more complex language to explain their feelings and emotions
-is aware of others feelings
-starts exploring negotiation and comprising to solve problems before seeking adult help

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*Introduced in 1925 by Dr. Arnold Gesell
*Over years of observation, he developed the idea that all children develop through the same stages, but hit the milestones at different times
~Can be impacted by internal and external factors. These factors may include temperament, personality, learning styles, environment, parenting styles, early experiences, family background and more
*In my Kindergarten/1st grade observation, the students range from 5-7 years old. Here I have noticed that some of the 5 year olds are more advanced socially and cognitivley than some of the 7 year olds. This proves that children move at different paces in development.

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http://www.pbs.org/parents/childdevelopmenttracker/five/socialandemotionalgrowth.html

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https://gesellinstitute.org/pages/gesell-theory

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Ladybird Milestones | Friendship and Play (3 - 5 years)

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https://www.naeyc.org/resources/pubs/yc/mar2018/promoting-social-and-emotional-health

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5 - 6 years old: Social and Emotional Development

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-I have notcied in my observation that 5-6  year olds often like to do things on their own. It is not until after several attempts that they might start to get frustrated or upset, and then ask for help
-Should be able to make good decisions (tell right from wrong), and be able to do this on their own
-Should be able to make friends on their own

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*5-6 year olds tend to not be too cliquey, but have somewhat "loose" groups
*In the K/1st class, the grades usually stick to their own age groups and do not often mix

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-It is important that children learn to behave in social situations and manage their emotions at an early age
-Social and emotional skills help us maintain relationships, set and achieve goals, understand our own emotions as well as those of others
source: 0https://www.cityyear.org/why-social-emotional-learning-important-0

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*play games
*encourage role play
*make art
*lead by example
Examples of games:
-Let's make a Deal
(focuses on compromise)
-Take Turns in Charge
(Switch off planning a game night or activity to do together)
-Starfish or Tornado
(helps kids comprehend their emotions and management skills)

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https://living.thebump.com/activities-promote-childs-social-emotional-development-15168.html

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https://www.understood.org/en/school-learning/learning-at-home/games-skillbuilders/social-emotional-activities-for-children

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Erikson’s 8 Stages of Psychosocial Development Explained

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The Importance of Play in Social Development

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The Importance of Play in Social Development

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- The word play is used repeatedly in discussing social development
- Play - can help enhance development in social for example in a child's self- regulation, empathy, sharing and turn taking.
- Emotional development- a child's experiences, outlet for feelings.

Nilsen B. 2015. Week by Week, Plans For Documenting Children’s Development. 7th edition.

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- At age 5 they tend to anticipate events leading to emotions self- initiated strategies for redirection of emotions can conceal, suppress emotional reactions mixed emotions.
- At age 6- 8 years old they tend to have mood swings, easily disappointed, frustrated less dependent on family seeks reassurance and praise

- Observing at a kindergarten and first grader classroom, I have noticed that many of the students tend to often change their mood swings throughout the whole day, however, it is showing the teacher the student's emotions by their face expression or student will let the teacher know how they are feeling.

Nilsen B. 2015. Week by Week, Plans For Documenting Children’s Development. 7th edition.

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Behaviors that Warrant concern for Emotional Development

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Behaviors that Warrant concern for Emotional Development

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Ages 6-8 years old
-  Extreme emotional outburst
- Inability or unwillingness to make friends
- Easily frustrated
- Inability to attend to tasks
- Act out to gain attention
- Need constant reassurance or approval.

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Children ages 5-12 are in Erikson's social-emotional stage of industry vs inferiority. In this phase of life, children seek to have competence in things they do. They find pride and accomplishment in being able to do what is expected of them. If children continually fail and are not encouraged to keep trying, they will view themselves as being inferior to their peers. This is detrimental to a child's well-being because it does not allow the child to grow positive self-esteem in order to move on successfully to the next stage of life.

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https://www.simplypsychology.org/Erik-Erikson.html#initiative