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More than one thousand years before the birth of Sophocles, the playwright who wrote Oediplus the king, a people the we call the Mycenaens began to settle throughout.

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1450 B.C
Minoan Civilization collapsed, and the Mycenaeans became the dominant culture on Create. Their influence spread throughout the Mediterranean island and into western Asia Minor.

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850 B.C
a vibrant Greek culture began to reemerge, spurred by flourishing trade throughout the Mediterranean. Along with the economic boom came a resurgence of arts and learning capped by Homer´s masterful epics.

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500 B.C
The most powerful city states on Greece were Sparta and Athens, which stood east of Sparta in an area called Attica. Sparta was a monarchy with a powerfull ruling council and a strong military traditions. Athens deveoped a government in which decision- marking was shared by all adult males.

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490 to 479 B.C
Athens and Sparta fought as allies in the Persian Wars, when the powerful Persian Empire twice tried to invade Greece. Despite Sparta´s military prowess, it was Athens that led two important victories: The Battle of Marathon in the beginning and the Battle of Salamis later.
These victories helped usher in a Golden Age prosperity and achievement for Athens.
Athens became a great intellectual center, attracting artists, poets, scientists and philospphers. Impresive new buildings were constructed, and civic festivals grew more splendid.
Athens was deafeat in the Pelonnesian war. Sparta was defeat and later Thebes

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Athens was deafeat in the Pelonnesian war. Sparta was defeat and later Thebes, exerted control overt tre greek world. In the end, however, it was Philip of Macedon, a monarch from a kingdom to the north of Greece who rose to ascendancy.