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In Canada, there is no federal department of education; each province/territory is responsible for its own school system, Ministry of Education, and Education Act. An Education acts is a piece of legislation which outlines the powers and responsibilities of the Ministry of Education, School Boards, School Principals and Teachers.

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PUBLIC: offer free education which the government provides. the public school system includes:
->French Immersion Schools.
->French Language Schools.

PRIVATE: These schools are not funded (or fully funded) by the government. As a result, they charge tuition fees for students who wish to attend.

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PRESCHOOL:
Is an optional educational opportunity for children ages 3-5 before they begin their mandatory education. Focus more on early learning and academics than daycares and can prepare
children for their school years.
(PRIMARY) ELEMENTARY SCHOOL:
Includes kindergarten and Grades 1 through 6. In Canada, it is mandatory for children to begin attending school at the age of 6, or Grade 1.
MIDDLE SCHOOL AND (SECONDARY) HIGH SCHOOL:
In some provinces/territories, middle (or junior high) school includes grades 7 and 8, while high school includes grades 9-12. In Quebec, high school includes grades 7-12.

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SCHOOL YEAR

The school year runs from late August or early September until late May or early June.

Students have summer vacation from June through August.

Schools are closed for all statutory holidays.

Students do not have school when the teacher has professional development or planning days.

SCHOOL DAY

Schools run from Monday to Friday and typically start between 8:00 and 9:00 am and finish between 3:00 and 4:00 pm. At least two 15-minute breaks, or recess in elementary school, and an hour lunch break are provided during the day.

ATTENDANCE
If a student is going to be absent, the parent/guardian is
responsible for calling the school and letting them know the reason for their child's absence.
Acceptable reasons are:

Illness

Compassionate reasons

Medical/dental appointments

Court/legal reasons

And parents/guardians should contact the school's office and request any homework their child may have missed during their absence.
SCHOOL CLOSURES
In the event of extreme weather (ex. blizzard conditions) schools may close or dismiss students early for the safety of the students and the staff.
DRESS CODE
Each school will have its own policy outlining what students are/are not allowed to wear to school.
GRADING
Teachers will evaluate each student's assigned work and
learning, and provide a letter grade in the course, based on their evaluation.
Ways that teachers evaluate:

Quizzes and Exams

Written or Oral Reports

Homework

Student Projects

Class participation

REPORT CARDS
Students will receive report cards
throughout the school year with their
grades in each course based on the
teacher's evaluation.
PARENT-TEACHER INTERVIEWS
It will happen at different points throughout the school year and allow parents/guardians to discuss their child's learning and educational progress.
SCHOOL SUPPLIES

Most schools will provide a list of school supplies that students will need to bring with them.

Textbooks are provided by the school, and students can access other reading materials from their school's library.

FIELD TRIPS
Field trips are special class visits to places like museums, theatres, science centers, or farms in order to provide an educational experience outside of the classroom. Field trips are organized by teachers and a letter will be sent home with students informing parents/guardians of the field trip.
STUDENT DISCIPLINE
Disruptive and disrespectful behavior or failure to follow school policies (ex. attendance or dress code policies) may result in disciplinary. Disciplinary action may include written warnings, detention, or suspension.

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MINISTER OF EDUCATION
Is responsible for developing education policies and curriculums, setting guidelines for school principals and school boards, preparing lists of approved learning
material and administering funds to school boards.
SCHOOL BOARDS
School Boards are made up of Trustees who are elected in municipal elections. School boards are responsible for
allocating funds given to them by the Minister of Education. They are also responsible for overseeing schools' operations, hiring staff, and teacher performance.

SCHOOL COUNCILS

They are made up of parents, community members, principals, teachers, and secondary students. School councils provide recommendations to the principal or the school board on curriculum, school performance, and learning needs.
PRINCIPALS

They are responsible for overseeing the organization and management of their schools.

Principals administer the school budget, supervise school staff, and make recommendations to the school board on  promotion or dismissal of teachers.

TEACHERS

They are responsible for creating lesson plans and teaching classes.

Teachers evaluate student progress and assist students with education plans and career goals.

They are also responsible for supervising students and maintaining discipline in their classrooms.

SCHOOL COUNSELLORS
They are responsible for promoting mental health and assisting students who are experiencing a crisis and they offer counselling on course selection and career planning.
SCHOOL SOCIAL WORKERS
School Social Workers provide individual, family, and group
counselling and connect students and families to community
resources as needed and they also provide support to students dealing with family conflict, low self-esteem, relationships, sexuality, learning difficulties, and mental health issues.
ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE (ESL) TEACHERS
ESL Teachers provide specialized language instruction to students who do not speak English as their first language.
They assess newcomer students' language skills and design
programs to meet individual language needs.
SETTLEMENT WORKERS IN SCHOOLS (SWIS) PROGRAM
The SWIS program is a school-based settlement service funded by Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada and is available in every province.
The goals of the SWIS program are to meet the needs of newcomer students and families and support them in receiving the services required to be successful.