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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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a darkened box with a convex lens or aperture for projecting the image of an external object onto a screen inside. It is important historically in the development of photography.

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a small-format photographic film used in single-lens reflex cameras (SLRs), film cameras, rangefinders, and disposable cameras.

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a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length

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a monochrome imaging process based on the light sensitivity of silver halides

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a keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection.

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a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

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a building in which objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural interest are stored and exhibited.

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a workspace specifically designed and built for the purpose of taking photographs.

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An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or
abstract.

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An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to
height and width.

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An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value,
and intensity.
• Hue: name of color
• Value: hue’s lightness and darkness (a color’s value
changes when white or black is added)
• Intensity: quality of brightness and purity (high
intensity= color is strong and bright; low intensity=
color is faint and dull)

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An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses
volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a
sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free
flowing.

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An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look
as if they might feel if touched.

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An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to
height and width

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The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called middle gray.

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the distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space.

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the use of several elements of design to hold the viewer’s attention and to guide the viewer’s eye through and around the work of art.

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works with pattern to make the work of art seem active. The repetition of elements of design creates unity within the work of art.

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the feeling of unity created when all parts (sizes, amounts, or number) relate well with each other.

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the path the viewer’s eye takes through the work of art, often to focal areas. Such movement can be directed along lines, edges, shape, and color within the work of art.

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the feeling of harmony between all parts of the work of art, which creates a sense of completeness.

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the part of the design that catches the viewer’s attention.

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Symmetrical balance (or Symmetry) means that the work of art is the same on one side as the other, a mirror image of itself, on both sides of a center line.

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Radial symmetry is created when an image is symmetrical around a central point or axis, like a sunflower viewed head-on. Radial symmetry creates a strong sense of unity in a work of art, and is common in sacred images.

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Asymmetrical balance (or Asymmetry) means that the two halves of the work of art are different, however, try to create balance. In other words, although the sides may not be exactly the same, there will be elements that interact in a way that makes each side equally important.

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Putting two or more dissimilar objects next to each other

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art that does not attempt to represent an accurate depiction of a visual reality but instead use shapes, colors, forms and gestural marks to achieve its effect.

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any color that is calm or soothing in nature.

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One group of colors in the color wheel is associated with the sun, warmth and fire.

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muted shades that appear to lack color but often have underlying hues that change with different lighting.

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pairs of colors that contrast with each other more than any other color

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using only one color in your photos

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a directional change in the intensity or color in an image.

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focuses on providing constructive feedback, supported by specific examples, to help you improve in some area.

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the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

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moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity.

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when the object, or subject matter, in front of the camera produces the photograph

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when the photographer, the subject behind the camera, has produced the photograph.

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the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to do the same.

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a symbol, word, or words legally registered or established by use as representing a company or product.

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a composition guideline that places your subject in the left or right third of an image, leaving the other two thirds more open.

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a compositional technique where human-made or natural lines lead the viewer's eyes through a photograph to the subject or the heart of the image

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The photograph is divided into nine rectangles along two horizontal and vertical lines according to the golden ratio

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Related to minimalist photography. Emphasizes not just the subject, but the empty space around the subject. The viewer's eyes may be drawn to a central figure, but they can't help noticing the large section of emptiness that surrounds and defines that figure.

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the subject or areas of interest in an artwork, such as a person's face or figure in a portrait, the objects in a still life painting, or the trees in a landscape painting.

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positioning the main light source for a photograph behind the primary subject.

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a semi-transmittant piece of material placed in between a light source and a subject to diffuse the light as it passes through the material.

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any light a photographer or cinematographer did not bring to the shoot.

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a renaissance painting technique which literally means “light-dark” in Italian.

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a solid, dark image of a subject against a brighter background.

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a set of two photos you can use to tell a story and emphasize contrast.

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an artwork made up of three pieces or panels. Often used to impart narrative, create a sequence, or show different elements of the same subject matter.

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Orthographic view is a view that is not real world. It virtually displays objects, such as a cube, in a way that it can be seen with out a para lax error. Para lax error is where you can see an object from a certain angle and it look like it is the same height as another object.

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a type of distortion wherein lines that are straight in real life appear to curve inwards (like the walls of a barrel).

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where straight lines bend or “pinch” inward from the center of the image.

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your camera's sensitivity to light as it pertains to either film or a digital sensor. A lower ISO value means less sensitivity to light, while a higher ISO means more sensitivity.

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an arbitrary rating of film speed

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a device that allows the camera to convert photons – that is, light – into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the device.

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the visible silver crystals in a film negative's emulsion.

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In digital photographs, the term noise refers to a certain type of visual distortion. It looks similar to grain found in film photography, but can also look like splotches of discoloration when it's really bad, and can ruin a photograph.

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the term used to denote aperture measurements on your camera.

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the opening of a lens's diaphragm through which light passes.

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the effect of a soft out-of-focus background that you get when shooting a subject, using a fast lens, at the widest aperture, such as f/2.8 or wider

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how much of your image is in focus. In more technical terms, depth of field is the distance in an image where objects appear “acceptably in focus” or have a level of “acceptable sharpness.”

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determined when the lens is focused at infinity. Lens focal length tells us the angle of view—how much of the scene will be captured—and the magnification—how large individual elements will be. The longer the focal length, the narrower the angle of view and the higher the magnification.

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when the camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings for your shot.

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when the photographer manually sets the aperture, ISO and shutter speed all independently of each other in order to adjust exposure.

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keeps your aperture fixed and changes your shutter speed.

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you set the shutter speed of your camera. Your camera then sets the aperture that complements your shutter speed to make sure the image is well-exposed.

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the camera selects and sets both the shutter speed and the aperture.

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the speed at which the shutter of the camera closes. A fast shutter speed creates a shorter exposure — the amount of light the camera takes in — and a slow shutter speed gives the photographer a longer exposure.

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allows the photographer to take a picture for as long as the shutter is depressed

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visual streaking or smearing captured on camera as a result of movement of the camera, the subject, or a combination of the two.

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accessories designed to support a camera. A tripod has three legs (that's the “tri”). A monopod is a camera support that has one leg (that's the “mono”). Much of the rest of the design is similar across both accessories.

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the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images. occurs when your shutter speed is slow enough that it will not freeze your natural body shaking

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the technique in which the camera's shutter is left open during a somewhat lengthy period of time

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used to capture change or movement that occurs over a long period time.

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a photographic technique where light is “painted” or “drawn” into the photograph using a hand held light source during a long exposure.

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freezes objects in motion in a still frame.

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capture a moving subject, or when you want to take multiple high-speed photos so that you have a range of photos to choose from.

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“mid-point between black and white on a logarithmic or exponential curve.”

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allows the camera to measure the light reflected from the person's face and expose properly for that, instead of adjusting exposure for the much brighter light around the hairline.

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covers only the centre 6.2% of the frame in the viewfinder, thus providing precise metering only for the subject.

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evaluates the light in the middle of the frame and its surroundings and ignores the corners.

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the default metering mode on most cameras. It ensures that the camera will automatically adjust to the right exposure setting even when the ambient lighting shows greater contrast.

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a dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

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neither shadows or highlights but rather a middle value of luminance.

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the lightest elements in an image,

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a darker border - sometimes as a blur or a shadow - at the periphery of photos.

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a chemical process that converts the metallic silver in the emulsion of a photographic print into a silver sulfide compound

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AF points are designed to help you know where your camera is focusing and to let you refine where the camera actually focuses.  When using your camera in autofocus mode, the autofocus points will help you direct the focus to a particular location in the frame.

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a camera technique where you capture several different exposures of the same scene. In other words, you capture a standard image (below, top), a darker/underexposed version (below, bottom left), and a brighter/overexposed version (below, bottom right):

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The exposure level indicator is usually a set of dots or hash marks, with a zero (or an arrow) in the middle, a + on one side and a - on the other. [>>>] If there isn't one, then look for a bright area that you think should lie at +1EV on your exposure level indicator.

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allows photographers to override exposure settings picked by camera’s light meter, in order to darken or brighten images before they are captured.

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The process involves holding the white balance card in front of the camera lens in order to have the camera read the correct color temperature of the light that gets reflected from the card. Some cameras might require you to take a picture of the white balance card first, then read the colors off of it to determine the correct white balance.

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displays a visual representation of your workspaces

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where Photoshop holds the many tools we have to work with. There are tools for making selections, for cropping and retouching images, for adding shapes and type, and many more!

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groups of tools used to edit and manipulate your image.