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The main challenge the proponents encountered was to find a specific problem that has an attainable solution with a shorter time frame due to the urgency of the condition of the chosen community. In this phase, creativity guided the proponent's skills to think of possibilities and alternatives to make the problem specific, attainable, and time-bound.

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The group came up with a product that would address their need for safe drinking water. Following this shared goal, the proponents seek to create an output that will make the source of clean water accessible to reduce their cost, increase the survival rate of families, and improve their overall sanitation while targeting the continuous development of the project until it reaches other remote areas in the country.

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One of the main concerns the proponents sighted is the location of the community. Due to it remoteness, the proponents have to take account of each visit. This instance is one of the multiple risks and dangers the proponents were able to identify throughout the formulation of the problem. Through the help of black hat the proponents were able to foresee additional problems the proponents and the community may face such as lack of healthcare services, lack of coordination, and changing weather conditions that could affect the immediate supply of water.

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The white hat enabled the proponents to formulate long-term solutions for addressing the listed problems of the group through careful consideration of the relevant factors affecting the users. However, this phase also allowed the proponents to identify other concerns of the chosen community, like the absence of power supply and some reported cases of water-borne diseases in families, expediting the creation of a more specific problem requiring the most feasible solution.

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In selecting the target beneficiary, the group admittedly considered the trait of the community that highly appealed to their emotions which falls under the idea of red hat. Among the gathered reports on the rationale, the compelling narrative of Sitio Bakal residents, particularly their struggle of living in a remote area without an immediate access to a safe drinking water have captured the proponent’s interest in delving to their community’s problem and arrive at a most appropriate STEM-based solution.

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The idea of the blue hat was utilized in the initial stage of problem-finding. With the rationale given for each option, the members then proposed some solutions; however, some of these were found to be lacking in some aspects of STEM application. As a result, we had to reconsider these options and select the topic that would best demonstrate the combination of these specializations.

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Problem Identification (Six Thinking Hats)

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Problem Identification (Six Thinking Hats)

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One of the issues facing the Sitio Bakal community is a lack of public transport vehicles for students and employees to utilize to get to school and work. Because this community is in a remote area, you have to travel a great distance to reach your destination. Due to a lack of vehicles,  the residents are forced to endure the effects of changing weather to continue their endeavors, which should not be the case. In line with this, the HOA president stated that their community need an appropriate transportation to save time and energy when commuting to school and work.

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Another issue that residents of Sitio Bakal face is road access. When we arrived to the community, we noticed that there were only a few vehicles traveling in and out since the road or route here was not in good condition. As a result, people must walk a long distance when they need to do something outside the community. Due to a lack of improved road, they also miss out on services or assistance given by their barangay and other organizations since it is difficult to locate the community.

In line with this, the Sitio Bakal community need access to a safe and better road since it opens up new possibilities and encourages economic and social growth, providing more opportunities for the community to develop itself.

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Due to the location of the community, there's little to no access to facilities such as health center, schools, public market, etc. forcing them to travel to different locations for basic services and necessities.

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Although building a community health center will not be directly influenced by our group's proposed solution, it is one of the visions of Sitio Bakal's local authorities.  Having good quality water may possibly give way to the beginning of this vision since access to water is greatly considered in healthcare.

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Efficiently Do Daily Chores (Washing clothes, dishes, cooking, etc.)

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Efficiently Do Daily Chores (Washing clothes, dishes, cooking, etc.)

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Having no access to clean water makes it difficult for residents of Sitio Bakal, especially the mothers, to efficiently do their daily chores, such as cooking, washing clothes and dishes, and cleaning.

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Regardless of whether a water filter is employed, if water resources are mishandled or exploited by the residents, water shortage may occur, affecting the entire community. For instance, overexploitation of underground water makes drinking water sources more vulnerable to water shortages during droughts.  Additionally, mismanaging the use of underground water can reduce the groundwater table, preventing wells from reaching groundwater. Therefore, water conservation must be taught to people in order to lessen the frequency and severity of water shortages.

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It was mentioned during the initial interview that the community doesn't have access to electricity. Thus the community solely rely to natural source of light and candles during night time. This poses a real problem in the community especially during the advancement of technology  nowadays; leaving the community behind.  Furthermore, the absence of electricity produces additional problem such as the absence of internet and facilities that requires electrical machineries.

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Although the group envisioned to make a filter that will help the community access clean and safe water, the amount of water that could be supplied to individuals is another thing. Considering that we are experiencing shortages of water supply due to recurring droughts, water restrictions and water rationing could be a problem of the Sitio Bakal residents. As a result, water restrictions due to changing climate could limit them to use water, for example in doing daily their activities such as drinking, cooking, washing hands and body, washing clothes, cleaning cooking utensils, cleaning the house, watering animals, irrigating the garden, and the like.

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Environmental conditions affecting available water supply

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Environmental conditions affecting available water supply

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Due to the nature of the community's water supply, residents experience instances where their deep well cannot produce water specifically through extreme weather conditions such as el niño and la niña.  This could potentially hinder them from collecting water from their only and limited source. Causing further problem and heightened power play concerns.

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The HOA president mentioned during the initial interview that some of the deep well pumps are already privatized by a few of the households, where they sell water for a certain amount of money. The group's proposed solution may be used by the abovementioned households to abuse their power over the other residents. They may use the product to raise the cost of water from their deep well pumps.

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Filtering water may give not only better tasting but also better smelling water by removing chemicals, pesticides, chlorine, microbiological contaminants, and heavy metals.

Furthermore, better water quality may have an immediate influence on cooking.  Tap water, for example, may have a chemical odor or be quite unpleasant.  A water filtration system is a fantastic method to make meals healthier and more appetizing.

Filtration can therefore eliminate tastes and odors that are naturally present or generated by a decontaminating procedure.

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In the Philippines, we drink many bottles of water every day. Plastic bottles harm the environment and take millions of years to decompose. This volume of waste has a detrimental effect on the environment. Water filtration systems provide all of the benefits of cleaned water without the waste of bottles.

A water filter reduces the need for bottled water by cleaning and disinfecting tap water. As a result, it reduces plastic pollution and benefits the environment.

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Lack of Enthusiasm and Willingness to Participate in the Maintenance of the Water Filters

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Lack of Enthusiasm and Willingness to Participate in the Maintenance of the Water Filters

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Proposing a solution to an already 'established' community is difficult because it will require the residents' willingness to accept and participate in the new changes. For our group's proposed solution, which is a water filter, the residents may develop a lack of enthusiasm, especially in maintaining its effectivity, which will affect the quality of the product.

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During the initial interview, it was mentioned that organizations such as DOST initiates project that could help the community regarding their situation. Thus the data we can gather can be utilized for future projects of other organization that tries to locate additional nearby water reservoir that could be provide better supply for the community if a connection from private water concessionaire is not possible for the next few years.

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Having good water quality will improve the overall sanitation of the community.  Although sanitation was not one of the priorities in Sitio Bakal, our group's proposed solution will also improve sanitation inside and outside the homes. When the environment is generally clean, the presence of water-borne diseases is reduced.

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Living in a marginalized community, the residents of Sitio Bakal can be characterized by sharing a common burden, specifically the inequitable access to water. In addition to this, what describes the resident here is that their way of living is still underdeveloped. Although the community is located in a city, it is undeniable that the lifestyle of individuals here is far from being develop. Another characteristics of the residents here is being resourceful, which can be observed in making water pump and/or deep wells as an alternative for their water supply.

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The residents of Sitio Bakal depend on their daily consumption of water. They use it in many ways, particularly in washing clothes, bathing, and drinking. Over the past years, the inadequate supply of water is still not resolved in the community. Consequently, this puts them at a great disadvantage. For instance, since the target users do not have access to clean and safe water, they are compelled to get water from deep wells or water pump, which may be contaminated by harmful particles or microorganisms.

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Through the proposed solution the community can have access to immediate supply of drinking water which can aid their day-to-day life; especially with the instances that a member of the community is unwell.

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During the initial interview, Tatay Recardo mentioned that there was an instance where one of the residents got from drinking the water in the deep well pumps. Sadly, the health center was very far from the community, so there was no immediate treatment provided.

Our group's proposed solution will not only benefit the residents in terms of lessening their daily expenses but also in improving their overall health. Water is one of the most essential components of human health, regulating almost all of the body functions.

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The residents of Sitio Bakal are evidently deprived of access to a lot of resources they need for their everyday living, such as water, and transportation.

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Generally, the residents in Sitio Bakal live by farming, garbage collecting, and hydroponics.  From this, it can be said that most of the residents do not have stable jobs, and thus, do not earn regularly.

The residents that we have met on our time of visit were very kind, and heartwarming.  Also, hearing their stories on how they try to survive each day tell a lot about who they are as individuals - persevering, and hardworking.

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When our group went to Sitio Bakal, the Homeowners Association (HOA) president gladly welcomed us into her home.  She also agreed to do the interview immediately, together with one of the residents, Tatay Recardo.

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The target users are the residents of Sitio Bakal in Bagong Silangan, Quezon City. There are about 600 households in the community.

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It was noted that the residents have to pay to get supply from a privatized single water pump and costly delivery charge for mineral water. To address this, the product aims to lessen their daily expenses given that they need to maximize their tight budget, which could have been allotted for other primary needs like food and medicines.

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SONA: Sitio Bakal sa Quezon City, umaasa sa mga poso at maruming balon

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Constant Supply of Drinking and Tap Water

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Constant Supply of Drinking and Tap Water

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Aside from a clean supply of drinking water, the chairwoman pointed out how their fellow residents gather in line to collect water, which will be used for their daily activities such as bathing, washing utensils, and laundry. The families have to store water that could last for a week, collected from their lone privatized single-hand pump. Their faucets at home were commonly unused because of the periodic supply from Maynilad.

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Sito Bakal is located near the border of Quezon City and the San Mateo River. When the group had to do their interview, it took about an hour and a half for them to arrive in the community. Their remoteness left the residents with only the option of traveling several kilometers just to avail healthcare services because of the absence of nearby clinics. A similar problem was also observed among students who had to do early preparations for their classes at a school in their barangay proper.

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Since the group's vision is centered on the portability of the product, it aims to use the immediate sources of water in the community, such as wells, creeks, and even rainwater. Knowing that most water filters need to be augmented into faucets, the group considered a technology that would bring them a supply of purified drinking water at any moment they needed it.

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The group envisioned a portable water filter with a built-in digital solar-powered device that could determine the level of water's potability. But then, using solar panel is as effective as it is without direct exposure to sunlight. In other words, the technology being dependent on direct sunlight will only work best with its additional feature except during monsoon season, a time when the filter is highly needed by the residents.

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While the main problem the group has focused on is access to clean and safe drinking water, a neighborhood without an electric supply also denied them well-lit spaces to conduct their daily activities, especially for the students. Moreover, they are also missing the opportunity to access sources of information digitally, which could at least help them be aware of the dangers of consuming unfiltered water and forward their current condition to local authorities.