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Positive Attachments- Low Anxiety & More Confidence

Negative Attachments- High Anxiety & Low Self-Esteem

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In Early Childhood we focus on

Trust Vs Mistrust

Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt

Initiative vs. Guilt

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Erikson emphasized the importance of culture in parenting practices.

He believed that:

we are aware of what motivates us throughout life

people make conscious choices in life which focus on meeting certain social and cultural needs rather than purely biological ones.

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Important things to consider:

Describes a sense of hope of what is possible.

Infant looks towards primary caregiver for stability and consistency.

According to Erikson: this is the most important period of a child's life, as it shapes their view of the world as well as their overall personality (Cherry, Kendra MSDe, Trust vs. Mistrust: Psychosocial Stage 1 2022)

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Alicia Cohick

Madi Smith

Chrissy McCarraher

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Needs are being met consistently

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Described as a tension between the confidence to try new tasks or feeling hesitant about doing so. (Capps, 2004)

Supportive parents who help their children learn new skills in an unrushed and responsive ways will help foster their child's Autonomy.

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Independence!!

By encouraging children to explore and setting reasonable limits can foster a child's independence

Children begin to think for themselves.

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Paris, J., Ricardo, A., & Raymond, D. (2018). Bowlby’s Theory. In A. Johnson (Ed.), Child Growth and Development (pp. 157–158). essay, College of the Canyons. Retrieved February 18, 2024, from https://open.umn.edu/opentextbooks/textbooks/750.

Wassell, S. (2020, March 22). What is attachment? Content.iriss.org.uk. https://content.iriss.org.uk/attachment-theory-in-practice/what-is-attachment/#:~:text=Practice%20frameworks%20drawn%20from%20attachment

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Cherry, K. (2022, December 20). Trust vs. mistrust: Learning to trust the World Around Us. Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/trust-versus-mistrust-2795741

Gould, M., & Howson, A. (2021). Erikson’s Eight Stages of Development. Salem Press Encyclopedia.

Mcleod, S. (2024, January 25). Erikson’s stages of development. Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/erik-erikson.html

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Can cause negative effects on children's Social-Emotional development

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How Babies Form Attachments | Four Stages | Schaffer & Emerson

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Erickson Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

Allow child to have a little more say over what they do and how they do it.

Potty training to gain a sense of independence.

Allow choices when feasible.

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Bowlby's theory of attachment (Infants)

Provide opportunities for attachment-without this child can fail to develop the sense of trust

Provide quality care giving. Respond quickly and consistently.

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Erikson's theory influences how our personality is developed through eight stages of development.

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Similarities between Erikson and Bowlby

Both believed that early life experiences are crucial to development of our future selves.

Comparing Erikson's Trust vs Mistrust and Bowlby's attachment theory is crucial to building a foundation of trust.

Both believed that attachments that are formed in early life influence the ability to form healthy relationships.

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Erikson believed social and cultural influences played a bigger role in development where-as Bowlby believed emotional bonds played a more important role.

Erikson's theories span a person's entire life where-as Bowlby's theory focuses on attachment in early childhood.

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PRASETYO, F. (2024, March 1). Erikson & Bowlby theories: Unveiling attachment & development. Lifengoal. https://lifengoal.com/how-does-erik-erikson-s-theory-align-with-bowlby-s-attachment-theory/

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Erikson's theory of Trust vs Mistrust.

Respond timely to infant's needs.

Provide care and love to infants in your care.

Provide a predictable routine.

Provide meaningful interactions.

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Infant's first influences are very important

Pro's -

at least one attachment will raise self-esteem

at least one attachment will help with future relationships

helps to manage child's emotions, impulses, and self-regulation

Con's

with little to no attachment could cause mental illness

future relationships will be difficult

will have a low self-esteem

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Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Theory

John Bowlby's Attachment Theory

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Main Teaching Goal: Creating a safe space within myself and the classroom environment

Babies cannot be 'spoiled' by having their needs met (Erikson, Trust vs Mistrust)

“A caregiver who consistently meets these needs instills a sense of trust or the belief that the world is a trustworthy place. The caregiver should not worry about overly indulging a child’s need for comfort, contact or stimulation.” (Child Growth And Development, Trust vs. Mistrust, Page 158)

The quality of interactions can have major impact on a child's development

Children learn best through play

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PLAY:

helps children learn

encourages social interaction

helps find self identity/independence

requires co-existence

helps in physical development

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Bowlby's Attachment Theory

not all cultures raise babies the same

bonding through home language

children with disabilities

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Erikson. (2022, August 3). https://socialsci.libretexts.org/@go/page/129784

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Infants need the consistency of their caregivers meeting their needs in a warm and friendly manner.

The more positive attachment an infant receives can help to form positive relationships later in life.

When children are given opportunities to practice their independence, they will have the confidence to gain new skills to help them through life.

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Children need to know that they can trust their caregivers or they could end up with behavior issues or mental disorders.

Play has a huge impact on a child's social development.

Culture plays a huge part in a child's life. Every culture raises their children different.