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CO2 is also widely used in food and beverage production, the fabrication of metal, cooling, fire suppression and in greenhouses to stimulate plant growth.

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Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CO₂. It is made up of molecules that each have one carbon atom covalently double bonded to two oxygen atoms.

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Carbon dioxide occurs naturally in small amounts (about 0.04 percent) in the Earth's atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a minor part of the air that humans breathe. It is also a byproduct of our body's metabolism and is subsequently exhaled from the lungs.

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Carbon dioxide is used as a refrigerant, in fire extinguishers, for inflating life rafts and life jackets, blasting coal, foaming rubber and plastics, promoting the growth of plants in greenhouses, immobilizing animals before slaughter, and in carbonated beverages.Carbon dioxide is Earth's most important greenhouse gas: a gas that absorbs and radiates heat.

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It does not burn, and in standard temperature and pressure conditions it is stable, inert, and non-toxic. Carbon dioxide occurs naturally in small amounts (about 0.04 percent) in the Earth's atmosphere.

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Without carbon dioxide, Earth's natural greenhouse effect would be too weak to keep the average global surface temperature above freezing. By adding more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, people are supercharging the natural greenhouse effect, causing global temperature to rise.

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EPA has authority under the Clean Air Act to monitor and regulate greenhouse gas emissions. The U.S. Supreme Court first confirmed this interpretation of the law in 2007.