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The 1950s decade saw the first major victories for civil rights in the Supreme Court and the development of nonviolent protests.

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The 1950s decade saw the first major victories for civil rights in the Supreme Court and the development of nonviolent protests.

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The Supreme Court strikes down the segregation of blacks in schools, the case was fought by Thurgood Marshall and NAACP Legal defense fund.

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Linda Brown, a 8 year old, living within walking distance of a white but is forced to travel by bus.

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Highlander folk school in Tennessee runs a workshop for protests for union organizers, that issues invitations to civil rights workers.

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Brown vs Board of education on May 17th arguing ‘separate but equal’ schools are unequal. Segregation in schools was legally prohibited but was declared unconstitutional.

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Desegregation and resegregation in schools 1954-2010

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Desegregation and resegregation in schools 1954-2010

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https://www.thirteen.org/wnet/supremecourt/democracy/landmark_cooper.html

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August 28th, 14 year old boy from Chicago, was killed for whistling at a white woman.

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Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white man on the bus. She got arrested and fingerprinted. Parks called her mom and the first thing her mother asked was, “Did you get beat?”. She got released and charged for violating the bus segregation laws.

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This is a picture of Rosa Parks getting fingerprinted after getting arrested for not sitting in the back of the bus.

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Busy main street, traffic / segregation sign over doorway

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Montgomery Bus Boycott, “WHITE FORWARD, COLOR REAR” January 1, 1956

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Busy main street, traffic / segregation sign over doorway, "Colored...

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Busy main street, traffic / segregation sign over doorway, "Colored Gallery" / Black Montgomery bus boycott protesters getting into car during Montgomery bus boycott / white people boarding empty bus... Get premium, high-resolution news videos at Getty Images

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The Montgomery bus boycott ends in December, successfully desegregating Montgomerys’ buses.

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Congress passes Civil Rights Act. Which created civil rights commission and authorities the Justice department to investigate cases of blacks being denied the right to vote.

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Cooper Vs Aaron rules that a threat of mob violence is not a reason to delay school desegregation.

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Martin Luther King Jr and his wife travel to India. While there King discusses the importance of non-violence with Gandhi’s followers.

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This is a picture of a protest to end segregation and discrimination from the 1950s

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Four black college freshmen sat down at Woolworths lunch counter. The waitress came over and said, “We don’t serve you here”. They sat unserved until closing time.

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Greensboro sit in marked a new phase of Southern Civil Rights movement by sparking similar protests in 60 communities.

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Freedom rides were a series of political protests against segregation by blacks and whites who rode buses together through the south.

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Freedom Rides of 1961 signaled the beginning of a period when civil rights protests grew in scale and intensity as nonviolent protesters confronted southern segregation at its strongest points.

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7 African Americans and 6 whites left Washington on May 4th 1961 on a freedom ride in 2 buses bound for New Orleans. Convinced that segregationists in the south would violently protest this exercise of their constitutional rights. They hoped to provoke federal into enforcing decisions.

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The freedom riders encountered violence in South Carolina. On May 14th they stopped to changed a slashed tire and one bus was fire bombed and the freedom riders were beaten. National guard support was provided when 27 riders continued and ended up arrested.

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A freedom rider, Jim Zerg was hospitalized after being beaten in the Montgomery Greyhound Station.

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March on Washington, Randolph the president of BOSCP organized the March on Washington movement that was designed to pressure Franklin D. Roosevelt to guarantee jobs for black men and women during wartime.

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Martin Luther Kings ‘I Have a Dream’ speech at the March on Washington in 1963 linked black civil rights with traditional American political values.

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Birmingham was referred to as a ‘bomb town’ they called it, ‘Bombing-ham’ because of the attacks on black houses, churches, and businesses.

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TV broadcasters show hyper-violent response to demonstrations in Birmingham. On the Edmund Peltus Bridge during the Selma March in 1965. They played a major role in increasing Northern support for the civil rights movement.

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Most white southerners did not like the idea of black Civil Rights, they were opposed to the movement and racial equality but, most weren’t opposed enough to join the clan or be violent about it. They were more, ‘grudging, reluctant, and halting’. Around 90% of white southerners were somewhere in the middle. Eventually they were forced to take a stand on one side,  confronted with the fact their lives might change. 58% approved, 31% opposed, and 10% none.

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What took so long to end segregation completely?

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What took so long to end segregation completely?

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It took so long to end segregation completely because of all the laws and acts that had to be passed and replaced. They didn’t seem to always work because of different people’s views and opinions on segregation.

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Works cited page^