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Amazing start! It was an online lecture which was done in a Zoom meeting. I am Amrutha Rajesh Rajeshbhavan studying Business- Supply Chain & Operations program. I am currently on my final semester. I am so excited to complete this program and build my career in the supply chain industry.

I will review the module slides and textbook of each module and will create padlets.

From this course, while reading the course overview, I understood that I could learn about public procurement, purchasing requirements, and processes for public organizations.

Thank you.

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Public agency

Studied different public agencies.

They are

Municipal/Provincial/Federal Government:-

Cities, provinces, the country

Police and fire

Healthcare:-

Hospitals, social services

Education:-

Elementary/Secondary schools

Post-secondary schools

Military/Security.

Missed the in-class presentation as I was sick with covid positive.

Summary of what I have learned:

Public agencies purchasing duties and responsibilities are often governed by a set of regulations and policies aimed at ensuring transparency, fairness, and efficiency in the procurement process. Some of them are legal framework, planning and budgeting, competitive bidding, negotiation etc.

Cooperative purchasing, benefits, and types of cooperative purchasing and the challenges.

Cooperative purchasing is like a partnership between agencies in the purchasing of goods. Piggybacked Purchasing, Pooled Purchasing, Consortium Purchasing and Formal Cooperative Purchasing are the different types.

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Introduction about SILEx

Live client from Western University - Peter Jeffs.

Missed this opportunity because of sick as I didn't want to spread my fever to anyone. But got an idea about the western university's procurement system which is the Mustang market by reading the PowerPoint presentations regarding the meeting.

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Risk Management in Public Procurement.

Summary of what I have learned:

Public procurement contains a wide range of risks that can affect the successful completion of a project. Financial, legal, operational, and social risks may all exist. Exceeding budgets can bring financial risks, while noncompliance with regulations may create legal risks. Project execution issues can create operational risks, and public attention may create reputational risks.

Avoiding, managing and transferring are the risk management options.

Got an idea about Insurance and Bonding.

https://www.fanshaweonline.ca/d2l/common/dialogs/quickLink/quickLink.d2l?ou=1500912&type=coursefile&fileId=Module+Material%2fIn-class+Case+-+Risk.docx

This case was discussed in class by applying risk strategies in procurement and suggesting some recommendations.

Moreover, a review of the Midterm case analysis was also given.

Created and submitted the team contract for SILEx project.

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Public Procurement and Law

Common Law- The body of legal concepts and decisions that have been formed by judicial decisions.

Law of agency- According to the law of agency, an agent (an employee) is entitled to act on behalf of the principal (the employer)to develop a relationship with a third party(supplier).

Contract Law- plays a vital role in public procurement. Moreover, it has 6 requirements which includes:

Intention

Consideration

Offer and Acceptance

Legal purposes

Within legal capacity

There were several seminal Supreme Court of Canada cases. Each group got 1 case and our group got - Sound Contracting Ltd. vs. Nanaimo (2000). We researched about this case.

https://www.ahbl.ca/canada-legal-basics-of-competitive-bidding-and-procurement-in-canada/ Read this Canadian procurement and got some ideas.

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Competitive Bidding

When purchasing products and services, a public agency usually uses a formal procurement procedure. Public agency obtains goods and services by assessing their quality, and quanity and also asses the budget. Secondly, they develop a procurement plan, then they identify the market research to study current market conditions. Moving on, submission of bids and then evaluating the submitted bids. Then it is signed by both parties and finally, the supplier delivers the goods and services.

Need of competitive bidding - Public procurement requires competitive bidding for many significant reasons, all of which contribute to the goals of efficiency, fairness, and transparency in the process.

Types of competitive bidding documents-

RFI - It has no pricing, no binding.

REOI - No binding, asses supplier interest.

RFPQ - responses received from interested suppliers.

RFQ - formal invitation, price based.

RFT - used in construction, price-based.

RFP - methodology valued higher.

Non - competitive procurement - Also known as direct procurement or sole-source procurement. A public agency or other entity chooses a certain supplier for a contract without performing a competitive bidding procedure.

Working on Individual case analysis, there are only some more left. Hence finished!

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Competitive bidding is a common practice for procurement that involves inviting multiple vendors to bid for the same material, product, or service per the business's requirements. It is usually opted by companies engaged in the large-scale delivery of products or services.

Competitive bidding is done by way of tenders, request for proposal (RFP), request for quotation (RFQ), etc., by the organization. The tender, RFP, or RFQ is a document that details the business's requirements and invites vendors to participate in the competitive bidding process. The interested parties must submit their proposals in response to the tender, RFP, or RFQ within a specified timeframe.

The interested parties must submit sealed or password-protected proposals in response to the tender. After the due date of the tender, the business is expected to evaluate the received proposals and select the proposal with the best terms and/or the lowest cost per the business's needs.

If a vendor is interested in meeting the business's requirement for specific goods or services, it is expected that the vendor will be able to display their capability, readiness, and history to execute the process. It is done to ensure that there are enough checks in place to select the right vendor through competitive bidding.

In addition to the procurement of goods and services, competitive bidding is also used in selling companies by investment bankers. The process is designed to increase the competitiveness of the bids to ensure that the business can get the best possible offer.

Competitive bidding allows transparency, equality of opportunity and the ability to demonstrate that the outcomes represent the best value.

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What is Meant by Competitive Bidding? | GEP

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Competitive bidding is a common practice for procurement that involves inviting multiple vendors to bid for the same material, product, or service per the business's requirements. It is usually opted by companies engaged in the large-scale delivery of products or services.

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MIDTERM

Submitted the Midterm Individual Case Analysis.

In today's class, we didn't have the lecture. We got divided into small groups to do the Group Case Analysis. Myself, Eliza, Sneha and Vijay were the group members. We discussed each one's findings of the individual case and we created an executive summary at the end. Eliza combined our work and submitted it in class. It was nice working in a group and we enjoyed our time by sharing and discussing our findings.

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Continued Competitive Bidding - Specifications

Started with Kahoot! Won 1st and got some lovely gifts from professor. Made my day!

Specification- Detailed explanation of goods and services. They specify the conditions that prospective suppliers have to fulfill in order to submit their proposals or bids.

Some major types of specifications are:

Design

Performance

Brand names

Market grade

Qualified products

Regulatory products

In class group exercise given.

Meetings made for SILEx project for discussion.

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Finishing of Competitive Bidding

Evaluation methods in public procurement:

Cost based evaluation

Quality based evaluation

Qualification based

Bidding documents specify conditions that a supplier must fulfill in order to offer goods or services through competitive bidding. The items required for the purchase are listed in these documents. The supplier verifies that they can meet the requirements and provide the goods or services as indicated by the agency by responding to the request.

https://procurementoffice.com/canadian-bidders-challenge-technical-criteria/

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SILEx report in class.

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Ethical Behaviour- Code of ethics

No lecture this week.

Reviewed the course materials from the modules. In work with the SILEx PowerPoint presentation which has to present in class next week.

In public procurement, openness, fairness, and public trust must all be sustained by ethical behavior. Ethical behavior ensures accountability, safeguards against corruption, and encourages the economical and efficient utilization of public resources. For various reasons, ethical behavior is essential when working for a public agency. Public agencies are accountable for supporting the needs of the people.

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SILEx Presentation day!

Every group presented well. My group was 06 and we presented the last. Overall, it was a great experience to present in front of 2 guests from Western University and the professor.

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Contract and supplier management

Class canceled and had no lecture. Got zoom meeting, reviewed module slides.

What a contract is and not

Contract - A legally binding agreement that imposes obligations on two or more parties to do or not do anything. In a contract, one party makes an offer, and the other party accepts it. For an agreement to be legally binding, the parties have to intend for it . Moreover, each party should offer some consideration. The contract must be legal and enforceable.

2 types of supplier performance techniques

Informal evaluation

Formal evaluation

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Successfully completed the course!.

Thank you so much Professor.

Reviewed every slides from the beginning till end and recalled everything that have learned throughout the course- PUBLIC PROCUREMENT!