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The concept of democracy was born in Athens around 700 BC. This occurred when Monarchical rule was overthrown and replaced by "demokratia" meaning rule by people.

This government would randomly select 500 individuals to serve a one year term.

It failed because it was unstable and dangerous due to the randomness of the power distribution.

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Around 509 BC The Roman Republic became what Romans called res publica. Like the Athenians democracy came after a monarchical rule.

The government had many struggles between patricians, the wealthy, and plebeians, the poor. The government was centered in the Senate of about 300 people.

It ultimately succeeded because the power was split evenly and distributed between senates.

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The feudal system developed in Europe around 500 AD.

It was a loosely organized system in which powerful lords divided their land among lesser lords. Those with power protected others in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and a portion of their crops.

The government failed because much of the population became peasants and were controlled by the land lords of their land.

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The Roman Catholic Church first appeared in Jerusalem in 33 AD.

Its teachings drew from biblical texts including Exodus in which Moses brings the ten commandments to the people of Israel. The Pope and his Bishops ruled most of the land and vied with monarchs and lords for political and religious influence over peoples lives.

This government was not arranged efficiently and a need for structure caused this government to grow into what it is today.

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By the late 1400s the power of monarchs was expanding.

It is a government run by a recognized individual who could best govern a state and protect the people. They were called monarchs and had nearly absolute power.

This government is somewhat successful because there is still political organization and its accepted by the people.

Vatican City v. United Kingdom
-form of government: UK parliamentary constitutional monarchy VC -absolute monarchy
- population: UK - 66,971,000 - 1000
-Currency: UK - sterling pound VC - euro

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Colonialism began in the late 1400s to the early 1500s.

Colonialism is the control of one nation over lands abroad. Colonial trade brought new found power and monarchs adopted mercantilism to control and profit from the situation.

Colonialism failed because only monarchs had the power and wealth to establish and control new colonies.

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An economic and political theory emphasizing money as the chief source of wealth to increase absolute power of the monarchy and the nation.

It called for the establishment of colonies and a merchant marine with industry and mining to build a favorable balance of trade with other countries.

Monarchs sought to fill their treasures and enhance their own and their nations power.

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John Locke - Preserve and enlarge freedom

Thomas Hobbes - contracts that defines rights and powers

Francois-Marie Arouet - freedom of religion

William Blackstone - common law