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Digital media era

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Celebrity, take Taylor Swift as an example

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"Symbolic Annihilation" of women
Commercialization of women
Objectification of women
Male gaze

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1. In Oxford Dictionary means advocacy of equality of the sexes, especially with regard to the issues of women’s rights and equality in politics, education and career et.
2. Feminism appears in first academic work: A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (Wollstonecraft, 2008)

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1. First Wave Feminism (Late 19th to Early 20th Century):

Focus: Legal issues, particularly women's suffrage.

2. Second Wave Feminism (1960s to 1980s):

Focus: Social and cultural inequalities, reproductive rights, workplace discrimination.

3. Third Wave Feminism (1990s to Early 2000s):

Focus: Intersectionality, inclusivity, cultural and individual expression.

4. Fourth Wave Feminism (Mid-2000s Onward):

Focus: Digital activism, online organizing, addressing gender-based violence.

(McBride & Mazur, 2008)

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1. Liberal feminism
2. Radical feminism
3. Marxist and socialist feminism
4. Post-modern feminism.

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How celebrities convey ideas with a perception of feminism

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Traditionally,  is an individual who has owned notable fame and public endorsement. Nowadays, it has transformed into virtual image with huge reputation and substantial followers with the assistance of the Internet and technology.

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Dare to Dream: the first step for her to be a Feminist

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Dare to Dream: the first step for her to be a Feminist

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Taylor Swift: Dare to Dream | FULL DOCUMENTARY | 2020

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1. It is an imperative component of public discourse about the common interests within the public sphere and celebrities are increasingly engaged with the feminism narratives.
2. KOL (two step flow theory)

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The occurrence of the celebrities incline to among the entertainment fields rather than the public sphere.

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MISS AMERICANA: Women Should Stand out for Politics

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MISS AMERICANA: Women Should Stand out for Politics

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Taylor uses media as platform to encourage women to involve the politics.

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MISS AMERICANA | Official Trailer | Netflix

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Celebrities Functions in Presenting Discourse

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Celebrities Functions in Presenting Discourse

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1. A role of pedagogy with particular purpose.
2. A ‘role model’ to stress gendered discursive devices.

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Role of Social Media Platforms in Facilitating Celebrity Feminist Discourse

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Role of Social Media Platforms in Facilitating Celebrity Feminist Discourse

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1. provide a number of awareness of feminism discourses and conveyed feminist ideas.
2. Campaign for women launched on the social media.

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1. Audience toward to the celebrities focus more on the recreational values provided by them, and easily moving on to the next agenda.
2. The intricate media ecology brought by users involvements may impede the promotion.
3. Misinformation and disinformation is a lethal problem, leading to misunderstandings and polarization.

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Borah, P., Ghosh, S., Suk, J., Mini, D. S., & Sun, L. (2023). Feminism Not for All? The Discourse Around White Feminism Across Five Social Media Platforms. Social Media+ Society, 9(3), 20563051231186862.

De Benedictis, S., Orgad, S., & Rottenberg, C. (2019). # MeToo, popular feminism and the news: A content analysis of UK newspaper coverage. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 22(5-6), 718-738.

Lasswell, H. (1927). Propaganda techniques in the world war. New York: Knopf

Macnamara, J. R. (2005). Media content analysis: Its uses, benefits and best practice methodology. Asia Pacific public relations journal, 6(1), 1-34.

McBride, D. E., & Mazur, A. G. (2008). 10 Women’s movements, feminism, and feminist movements. Politics, Gender, and Concepts, 219.

Tong, R. (2018). Feminist thought, student economy edition: A More Comprehensive Introduction. Routledge.

Zimmerman, M. A., & Rappaport, J. (1988). Citizen participation, perceived control, and psychological empowerment. American Journal of community psychology, 16(5), 725-750.

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" I'm so sick of running as fast as I can, Wondering if I'd get there quicker if I was a man."

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" I'm so sick of running as fast as I can, Wondering if I'd get there quicker if I was a man."

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" I'm so sick of running as fast as I can, Wondering if I'd get there quicker if I was a man."

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"And you were tossing me the car keys, fucking the patriarchy.'

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Taylor Swift - All Too Well (10 Minute Version) (Taylor's Version) (From The Vault) (Lyrics)

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"But I got smarter, I got harder in the nick of time. Honey, I rose up from the dead, I do it all the time."

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"But I got smarter, I got harder in the nick of time. Honey, I rose up from the dead, I do it all the time."

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Although the increasing trend of equality of women’s right is vibrant, they are still mainly remain in Western countries. There are some countries in Asian like China, India and Korea, which are deeply oppressed by the traditional conventions, religious beliefs, and consortium, besides the patriarchy.

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"So I fly ’em all around the world. And I let them think they saved me."

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"So I fly ’em all around the world. And I let them think they saved me."

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Content analysis

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The posts uploaded by Taylor Swift on Instagram from 2017 to 2023 will be analysed. First, this is because, after the cyber violence she experienced and the counterattack by releasing her album named Reputation, the posts embody a strong willingness for liberal feminism, which follows the research theme. Subsequently, the time range will provide a sufficient amount of materials to testify, which means high pertinence embodied from posts.

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After collecting the data and sources, the next phase is the method of deductive coding, identifying how the posts of Taylor embody feminism. All content will respond to the following two categories to code and label.

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different types of feminism
1. Liberal feminism: do the words, pictures and videos make you feel it's  equal, independent and free for her to express ideas?
2. Radical-libertarian feminism: do the words or pictures and videos make you feel Taylor's image in masculine?
3. Marxist and Socialist Feminism: does Taylor encourage women to unite whatever way oppose oppressive, unequal treatment?
4. Post-modern feminism: Does Taylor fight for the notion of man's dominance?

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Coding category: body image and empowerment

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Coding category: body image and empowerment

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Do the pictures or images show a feeling of willingness and personal competence?

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Excel and SPSS.26

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The embodiment of liberal feminism from Taylor's speech

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NYU's 2022 Commencement Speaker Taylor Swift

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Trump: "Let's say that I like Taylor Swift's music about 25% less now."

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Trump: Let's say that I like Taylor Swift's music about 25% less now

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Table 1: The embodiment of Liberal feminism of Taylor's posts

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Table 1: The embodiment of Liberal feminism of Taylor's posts

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Table 2: The embodiment of Radical-libertarian feminism of Taylor's posts

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Table 2: The embodiment of Radical-libertarian feminism of Taylor's posts

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Table 3: The embodiment of Marxist and Socialist feminism of Taylor's posts

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Table 3: The embodiment of Marxist and Socialist feminism of Taylor's posts

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Table 4: The embodiment of Post-modern feminism of Taylor's posts

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Table 4: The embodiment of Post-modern feminism of Taylor's posts

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Table 5: body image show willingness and personal competence 

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Table 5: body image show willingness and personal competence 

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1. Taylor herself cannot represent the whole celebrities
2. Other platforms may also need to examine
3. Do not take the users interactions into considerations

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1. audience response
2. influential celebrities' interactions with Taylor
3. Her lyrics studies and music industry

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1.  recall to the literature review
2. the main results of the findings
3. limitations
4.further studies