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AIDS is the most advanced stage of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. It weakens your immune system by destroying your T-cells until you are unable to fight off even minor illnesses.

HIV is a ribonucleic acid (RNA) viral pathogen with 2 subtypes: HIV-1 and HIV-2.

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How can it spread? Take a look at HIV & breastmilk

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How can it spread? Take a look at HIV & breastmilk

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AIDS is spread through contact with infected blood, semen, vaginal fluid, or breast milk; however, not every child born to an HIV-infected mother will acquire the virus.

Did You Know?

Babies born with HIV experience no immediate symptoms.

Even though there are no symptoms, the virus is actively infecting and killing cells of the immune system.

Children may remain asymptomatic until 3-5 years of age

In untreated children, the most commonly exhibited manifestations of HIV infection include but are not limited to recurrent bacteremia, increased opportunistic infections, frequent diarrhea, cardiomyopathy, hepatitis, generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, oral candidiasis, cancers, and central nervous system manifestations, such as growth delay, delayed cognition, low IQ, and frequently global developmental delay.

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Cutaneous manifestations of HIV infection (molluscum contagiosum).

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Cutaneous manifestations of HIV infection (molluscum contagiosum).

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Children in general are prone to infection with the virus causing molluscum contagiosum. Children infected with the HIV are more likely to develop persistent, widespread eruptions due to molluscum contagiosum, and are more likely to develop the numerous giant lesions that are pictured above.

Source: Section 18 Cutaneous Manifestations of HIV Disease, Prose NS, Kristal L. Weinberg's Color Atlas of Pediatric Dermatology, 5e; 2017.

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Stage 1: Acute HIV Infection

Within 2 to 4 weeks after infection with HIV, about two-thirds of people will have a flu-like illness.

Fever

Chills

Rash

Night sweats

Muscle aches

Sore throat

Fatigue

Swollen lymph nodes

Mouth ulcers

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Stage 2: Clinical Latency

In this stage, chronic HIV infection, the virus still multiplies, but at very low levels. People in this stage may not feel sick or have any symptoms.

People can stay in this stage for 10 or 15 years.

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Stage 3: AIDS

Rapid weight loss

Recurring fever or profuse night sweats

Extreme and unexplained tiredness

Prolonged swelling of the lymph glands in the armpits, groin, or neck

Diarrhea that lasts for more than a week

Sores of the mouth, anus, or genitals

Pneumonia

Red, brown, pink, or purplish blotches on or under the skin or inside the mouth, nose, or eyelids

Memory loss, depression, and other neurologic disorders

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1981 - The CDC made its first official report of HIV-related illness in the United States.

1987 - The FDA approves azidothymidine (AZT) as the first medication to treat HIV.

1997 - HAART becomes the new standard of care for HIV, which leads to a 47% drop in HIV-related deaths.

2012 - The FDA approves Truvada as the first form of pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV infection.

2014 - The CDC announces that the annual rate of new HIV diagnoses declined 30%

2021 - The FDA approves the first long-acting injections to treat and prevent HIV.

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You can't become infected with HIV through casual contact. That means you can't catch HIV or get AIDS by hugging, kissing, dancing or shaking hands with someone who has the infection.

HIV isn't spread through air, water or insect bites. You can't get HIV by donating blood.

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Lymphoma

Cancer starting in white blood cells.

Early sign is painless swelling of the lymph nodes.

Kaposi sarcoma

Tumor of the blood vessel walls.

It can affect the internal organs, including the lungs and organs in the digestive system.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers

These include anal, oral and cervical cancers

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There's no vaccine to prevent HIV infection and no cure for HIV/AIDS. But you can protect yourself and others from infection.

Take preexposure prophylaxis, also called PrEP or post-exposure prophylaxis medication.

It can reduce the risk of getting HIV from sex by about 99%.

Use a new condom every time you have anal or vaginal sex.

Be Honest - Tell your sexual partners you have HIV

Get treatment during pregnancy asap

Male circumcision