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Mesopotamian society was rigidly structured with the king at the top followed by the clergy, the upper class, lower class, and slaves.
Their social pyramid was not unlike many later civilizations. Enslaved people were on the bottom, the lower class, then the middle class, and finally the upper class. The king and royals made up the top of the pyramid as the highest social class. As the city-states grew, the social classes became more complex. Some of the major Mesopotamian civilizations include the Sumerian, Assyrian, Akkadian, and Babylonian civilizations.

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Have a nice day

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Thank you for reading our presentation

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Nashanique McLean - Designer & Intro

Courtenae Morgan - Pyramid System

Jahzara Myers - Laws

Erin O'Hara - Government

Tianna Patman - Pyramid System

Cianna Powell - Laws

Nastassia Reid - Laws

Shanelle Robinson - Government

Zuri Sewell - Government

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                                                                                                                         Participants

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It wasn't until the Akkadians came to power, circa 2334 B.C., that Mesopotamian gained its first empire. For most of its history, Mesopotamian city-states each ruled its own area, ruled by a powerful king. Thus, the structure of Mesopotamian governments could almost be described as Federalist.

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As the Uruk era came to a conclusion, walled towns expanded and numerous isolated Ubaid villages were abandoned, indicating an increase in intergroup conflict. The first war was documented around 3200 BC, although they weren't frequent until around 2500 BC. From this point on, warfare became a part of Mesopotamian political life. Like their forebears, the Assyrians, the Neo-Babylonian kings employed deportation as a tool of control. The purpose of battle for the Babylonian monarchs was to collect tribute, loot, and prisoners of war who might be used as slaves in the temples they were constructing. Many of the palace walls in Assyria and Babylonia were adorned with depictions of victories and the foes either fleeing in agony or hiding among reeds.

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                                                                                                           GOVERNMENT & PYRAMID SYSTEM

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The Code of Hammurabi is a Babylonian legal text composed in 1755–1750 BCE. It is the longest, best-organised, and best-preserved legal text from the Ancient Near East. It is written in the Old Babylonian dialect of Akkadian, purportedly by Hammurabi, sixth king of the First Dynasty of Babylon.

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                                                                                                                             LAWS

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Politics in Mesopotamia usually refers to the Monarchy (Pyramid System), Laws, Conflicts and Government of the region.

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Politics refers to the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status.

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King Hummurabi (the one who wrote it) ordered that the 282 laws be engraved in stone and displayed in a public place for all to see.

Some laws were extremely harsh, with severe penalties:

If a slave say to his master: "You are not my master," if they convict him his master shall cut off his ear.

If a man takes out another man's eye, his own eye will be taken out (Later historians summarized Hammurabi's Code with the phrase, "An eye for an eye, and an eye for an eye").

If a man strikes a man of higher rank, he will be dealt sixty blows with an ox-whip.

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MIDDLE CLASS
The middle class of Mesopotamia was made up of those that kept the city functioning daily. The merchants, craftsmen, artisans, fishermen, musicians, and others who were paid for their services are included in this group. Most led comfortable lives and could afford homes and modest furnishings. The middle class was important because it provided things that everyone in the city needed. Some large farmers were considered middle class. While some of these groups may have been as wealthy as those in the upper class, they were still considered to be of lower social standing. Typically those in this group wore jewelry if they could afford it and still dressed in brightly colored clothing but of more modest design.

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LOWER CLASS

This group was made up of farmers and those that did manual labor. There were few privileges for lower-class Mesopotamians. People in this group dressed plainly. Lower-class people kept the civilization fed and provided raw materials to skilled craftsmen and artisans. Lower-class members could eventually rise in social status.

This class also consisted of slaves and prisoners. One could become a slave in a number of ways: being captured in war, selling oneself into slavery to pay off a debt, being sold as punishment for a crime, being kidnapped and sold into slavery in another region, or being sold by a family member to relieve debt.

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UPPER CLASS
The upper class of ancient Mesopotamia included the royals and their families, priests and priestesses, ranking military officers, scribes, and wealthier merchants and traders. The king and royals made up the top of the pyramid as the highest social class. The upper class of Mesopotamian society was made up of the royal class. The king and his family had the most privileges of all the classes. Priests, doctors, lawyers, scribes, and military leaders were also included in the upper class. Other people apart of the upper class are the noble and wealthy who served as government officials, architects, or accountants.

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The Mesopotamian civilization was divided into 3 different classes. They are Upper class, middle class, and lower class.

Mesopotamia's social pyramid was not unlike many later civilizations. Enslaved people and prisoners were on the bottom, then the middle class, and finally the upper class. As the city-states grew, the social classes became more complex.

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4. Pyramid System

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3. Government System & War

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2. Law of Mesopotamian Civilizations

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1. The definition of Politics and an insight of Mesopotamia

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Mesopotamia is a historical region of Western Asia situated within the Tigris and Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent. Today, Mesopotamia occupies modern Iraq. In the broader sense, the historical region included present-day Iraq and Kuwait and parts of present-day Iran, Syria and Turkey.