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Map of Italy

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Flag of Italy

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Romanticism

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Guiseppe Mazzini and Guiseppe Garabaldi lead revolutions to unite Italy. Garibaldi's march to “liberate” the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1860 brought the southern peninsula into the fold, and the new Kingdom of Italy was proclaimed on March 17, 1861, with the royal family of Piedmont-Sardinia as the new ruling monarchs of Italy.

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The Unification of Italy was a 19th century political and social movement that resulted in the unification of the different states of the Italian Peninsula, into a single state – the Kingdom of Italy. Beginning in the 1840s, the unification was completed in 1871, the same year as the unification of Germany. It was important because it resulted in the creation of a large European power. The creation of Italy weakened Austria (which had lost its Italian provinces) and temporarily boosted France's international position.

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Unification of Italy | Timeline, Revolution & Leaders - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com

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Learn about the unification of Italy through a timeline of events. See when Italy was founded, who unified the country and what the goal of young…

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Map of Brazil

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Flag of Brazil

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Realism

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Map of Colombia

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Colombian Flag

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Impressionism

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Following more than three centuries under Portuguese rule, Brazil gained its independence in 1822, maintaining a monarchical system of government until the abolition of slavery in 1888 and the subsequent proclamation of a republic by the military in 1889. The threat of losing their limited control over local affairs ignited widespread opposition among Brazilians. José Bonifácio de Andrada, along with other Brazilian leaders, convinced Pedro to declare Brazil's independence from Portugal on September 7, 1822.

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Profound Granadine anxiety over the fate of the empire and conflicting courses of action attempted by colonial and peninsular subjects over control of government during the captivity of the Spanish king Ferdinand VII led to strife in New Granada and to declarations of independence.

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Colombia achieved its complete independence only in 1819 under the command of Simon Bolivar. A campaign with Venezuela began a year earlier, which ended in the Battle of Boyaca on August 7th, 1819. This closure gave way to the Angostura Congress and the birth of the current Republic of Colombia.

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Colombia - Revolution, Independence, Culture

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Colombia - Revolution, Independence, Culture: The French invasion of Spain in 1808 caused an outburst of loyalty to the king and country and excited grave concern for the church. Profound Granadine anxiety over the fate of the empire and conflicting courses of action attempted by colonial and peninsular subjects over control of government during the captivity of the Spanish king Ferdinand VII led to strife in New Granada and to declarations of independence. In 1810 the subordinated jurisdictions in New Granada threw out their Spanish officials, except in Santa Marta, Ríohacha, and what are now Panama and Ecuador. The uprising in Bogotá on July 20,

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Napoleon's invasion of Spain helped lead to independence for Spanish colonies because the Spanish king was imprisoned so the empire was weakened. The invasion of Portugal caused the Portuguese ruler to flee to Brazil, where his son would later become ruler.

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Brazilian Independence | 3 Minute History