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The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.

-Or in other words-
The 11th Amendment protects the states from lawsuits filed by citizens of other states or countries.

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12th Amendment: Election of a President and Vice President

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12th Amendment: Election of a President and Vice President

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The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President

-Or in other words-

The 12th Amendment establishes how the President and Vice President are elected. Furthermore, how they are elected together. This requires separate ballots for the offices of president and vice president.

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Section 1: Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for the crime of whom the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

Section 2: Congress shall have the power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

-In other words -

The 13th Amendment forbids slavery across all 50 states in the U.S. Under this Amendment participating in slavery is considered illegal and faced with a criminal punishment.

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14th Amendment: Citizenship Rights, Equal Protection, Apportionment, Civil War Debt

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14th Amendment: Citizenship Rights, Equal Protection, Apportionment, Civil War Debt

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Section 1: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

Section 2: Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.

- Or in Other Words-

The 14th Amendment defines citizenship and citizens' rights (1868) and prevents states from interfering in the rights of citizens of the United States.

FREE(13th) MEN(14th) VOTE (15th)
1) full citizenship for African Americans
2) no state could take away a citizen's "life, liberty, or property, without due process of law"
3) every citizen within a state has equal protection under the laws
= granted citizenship to all people born in the US (except for Native Americans)

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15th Amendment: Right to Vote Not Denied by Race 

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15th Amendment: Right to Vote Not Denied by Race 

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Section 1: The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

Section 2: The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

-Or in other words-

FREE(13th) MEN(14th) VOTE (15th)

This Amendment prohibits national and state governments from denying one to vote based upon race.
-gave African American men the right to vote

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The Congress shall have the power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and regard to any census or enumeration.

-Or in other words-

This Amendment allows Congress to collect income taxes without thinking twice about population.

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17th Amendment: Popular Election of Senators

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17th Amendment: Popular Election of Senators

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The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures.

When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct.

This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution.

-Or in other words-

Remember when the colonies tried to gain independence from Great Britain? One thing that ticked them off was getting taxed without getting a say or being represented. The 17th Amendment establishes the direct election of the US. It strengthened the principle of direct representation by making senators answer to the voters and not to other politicians. This way people feel heard without having to be there.

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Section 1: After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.

Section 2: The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Section 3 This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.

-Or in other words-

The 1920s era aka the Roaring Twenties, was a decade of hard-working men and nurturing mothers and wives, a decade of prosperity was the law that prevented people from selling alcohol. The decade was counteracted by the production and consumption of alcohol. These men suddenly would skip work get drunk and could no longer provide for their families. That is why the 18th Amendment was passed on January 16th, 1919. People couldn't drink, make, or transport alcohol.

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The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.

Congress shall have the power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

-or in other words-

The 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote. Similar to the idea that race should not play a factor in voting, this amendment decides that neither should sex. After years of fighting women gained the right to vote.

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20th Amendment: Presidential Term and Succession, Assembly of Congress 

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20th Amendment: Presidential Term and Succession, Assembly of Congress 

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Section 1: The terms of the President and the Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified, and the terms of their successors shall then begin.

-Or in other words-

This Amendment sets dates on which the Presidential term shall end. It establishes that if the President dies before they are inaugurated the Vice President takes up office and serves out the full term of 4 years.

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Section 1: The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed.

Section 2: The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, or possession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.

Section 3: This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by conventions in the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.

-Or in Other words-

It seemed that people missed their liquor so much that they were willing to go to great lengths to get it. The illegal selling of alcohol ran rampant throughout the U.S., so much so that other illegal and crime-related activities sprung out from this prohibition. To combat this the repeal of the 18th Amendment was enacted. This Amendment allowed drinking to be legal again.

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22nd Amendment: Two Term Limit on Presidency 

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22nd Amendment: Two Term Limit on Presidency 

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Section 1: No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the office of President, or acted as President, for more than two years of a term to which some other person was elected President shall be elected to the office of the President more than once. But this Article shall not apply to any person holding the office of President when this Article was proposed by the Congress, and shall not prevent any person who may be holding the office of President, or acting as President, during the term within which this Article becomes operative from holding the office of President or acting as President during the remainder of such term.

Section 2:This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission to the States by the Congress.

-Or in other words-

Our very first president George Washinton had the option of serving a third term but turned down the offer. This Amendment limits the terms a president can serve to two. This way a president can be rotated and so the idea of a democracy is still put in place.

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23rd Amendment: Presidential Vote for D.C.

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23rd Amendment: Presidential Vote for D.C.

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Section 1: The District constituting the seat of Government of the United States shall appoint in such manner as Congress may direct:

A number of electors of President and Vice President equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives in Congress to which the District would be entitled if it were a State, but in no event more than the least populous State; they shall be in addition to those appointed by the States, but they shall be considered, for the purposes of the election of President and Vice President, to be electors appointed by a State; and they shall meet in the District and perform such duties as provided by the twelfth article of amendment.

Section 2: The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

-Or in other words-

This Amendment gave citizens living in the District of Columbia the right to vote for president and vice president.

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24th Amendment: Abolition of Poll taxes 

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24th Amendment: Abolition of Poll taxes 

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Section 1: The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay poll tax or other tax.

Section 2: The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

-Or in other words-

The 24th Amendment prohibits the federal and state governments from imposing poll taxes on voters during federal elections.

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25th Amendment: Presidential Disability and Succession

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25th Amendment: Presidential Disability and Succession

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Section 1: In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President.

Section 2: Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the President shall nominate a Vice President who shall take office upon confirmation by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress.

Section 4:Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President.

Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that no inability exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office unless the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive department or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office. Thereupon Congress shall decide the issue, assembling within forty-eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress, within twenty-one days after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, within twenty-one days after Congress is required to assemble, determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue to discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and duties of his office.

-Or in other words-

All the sections sum up the idea that if in any case, the president becomes unfit to serve the country the Vice president then becomes president and serves out the rest of his term.

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Section 1: The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.

Section 2: The Congress shall have the power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

-Or in other words-

The world believed that it made no sense that 18-year-olds could go out and fight a war, yet could not have that same ega say in deciding who in office wages those decisions to fight said war. This is why the 26th Amendment exists so that 18-year-olds can now have a voice in their government.

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27th Amendment: Congressional Compensation  

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27th Amendment: Congressional Compensation  

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No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.

-Or in other words-

The 27th Amendment was put in place to prevent greed and corruption within the government by restricting salary increases for members of Congress.