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Student-centered learning includes all the strategies to permit students to develop their own learning path by including engaging activities and problem-solving tasks that enable them to be more than passive listeners to productive agents of their own learning. (Rogers, 1983)

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Students get engaged and have more participation when they have voice in their learning journey. When they are expected to take the main role, they need to participate as a way to fulfill their educational goals. (McCombs & Whistler, 1997)

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When students take the responsalibity of their own learning, they are more likely to take some activities as challenges to be solved which enables them to develop problem solving skills and reasoning building. (Inada, 2023)

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Students can be prepared to the upcoming challenges of the future professionals by being able to build creatively new ideas to benefit our global society. Learning centered strategies prepare students to have an active role in future challenges. (Greenhill, 2010)

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They are the strategies applied during the lessons to enable communication and interaction in the class. It permits students to practice using the language in authentic situations. (Jack et al., 2007)

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It is a practical method which main goal is research to create a product in collaboration with their mates. It focuses on real-life problems to be investigated and build solutions for its real application. (Devkota et al., 2017)

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TEACHER: becomes a facilitator, collaborator, manager, role model and co-learner. He should get involved in the experiential process among his students. Bass (2001)

LEARNERS: They should be active agents and researchers to stablish connections between the instruction and their project. (Devkota et al., 2017)

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Students should be ready to participate in group discussions and interactions. They are the researchers and active agents of the learning path.

Teacher should create groups, assign group roles, be the mentor, control time and give guidelines. (Azizinezhad et al., 2012)

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The study concluded that Cooperative learning reached the following benefits for the population:

Interactive language

Affective learning climate

Learner responsibility and autonomy

Academic achievement

Social skills

(Azizinezhad et al., 2012)

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Learners can be benefited by developing various skills like communication skills, management skills, critical thinking, and technical skills. Also, they can get confidence by developing 21st century skills during their project development since they have to understand a set of multidisciplinary principles to carry out the project. (Devkota et al., 2017)

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1. Driving question: Ask students a question that will lead the project.

2. Inquiry process: Students use this time to research and find previous solutions of the problem and theoretical support.

3. Find solutions: Students get involved in discussions and debates to make up a solution.

4. Presentation: Students present their findings.

(Teaching in Education, 2017)

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Cooperative learning involves the active participation of students by getting together to reach a shared goal. (Azizinezhad et al., 2012)

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1. Quality of group interaction: Give a suitable space for students to be able to participate and share ideas

2. Interpersonal skills: Instruct students with strategies to work cooperatively.

3. Social skills: Give students tools to behave and collaborate effectively because some students lack of social skills which may lead to problems. So, giving strategies like self-regulation and leadership is crucial before starting the activity.

(Azizinezhad et al., 2012)

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Communicative methods permit students to build their autonomy since they have time to self-reflect and analyze their own path to come up with better ways to learn based on their previous experiences. It also allows them to communicate effectively and develop critical thinking skills. (Jack et al., 2007)

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When students can actively tailor their own learning and communciate their needs and goals they are more likely to be engaged and active members of the learning journey. They are given dynamic and enjoyable learning experiences that promotes participation. (Jack et al., 2007)

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Using realia and authentic materials to communciate, students can develop cultural awareness which is necessary to live in the modern society. They are given the right tools to communicate and discuss topics that have different perspectives from different cultural backgrounds which enable them to foster respectful interactions. (Jack et al., 2007)