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Perseus freeing Andromeda, Piero di Cosimo, 1515 (Commissioned by himself)

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Madonna della Vittoria, by Andrea Mantegna, 1496 (patrons: the marquess of Mantua, Francesco II Gonzaga and his wife, Isabella d’Este)

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The Marriage of the Virgin, by Raphael, 1504 (commissioned by the Church in Citta di Castello)

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This painting demonstrates the renaissance artist's love of Greek culture. It depicts the Greek hero, Perseus, killing a sea monster and saving Andromeda. This is very famous Greek myth and Perseus is an extremely popular hero.

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The School of Athens, by Raphael, 1509-1511 (patron: Pope Julius II, for the Vatican)

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This painting illustrates classicism because: 1) its title references the Greek city-state of Athens, 2) there are Roman arches and Greek statues in the painting, and 3) it is filled with the images of many Ancient Greek philosophers.

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This painting shows the feature of naturalism because all of the figures and features are drawn to resemble what we would normally see, and they are in common, ordinary poses.  No distortion is evident anywhere in the work.

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This work demonstrates geometric perspective by having all of the lines in the floor, the ceiling, and the hallway converge at a single vanishing point, thus creating the illusion of depth.

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This reflects the importance and value placed upon education, as it takes place in a school and everyone is a scholar.

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“The Delivery Of The Keys To Saint Peter” by Pietro Perugino, 1481-1482 (patron: Pope Sixtus IV for Sistine Chapel)

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The Three Philosophers by Giorgione, 1505-1509 (patron: a Venetian merchant, Taddeo Contarini

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This painting exemplifies classicalism because the men depict Artistole, Plato and Pythagoras, all who were huge major Greek philosophers.

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This painting features classicism as the background shows a building with many parts of Roman architecture; more specifically, a domed roof with pillars supporting many arches.

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This painting depicts naturalism as all three men have a typical human resemblance. Giorgione also used the painting technique of sfumato, which allows tones and color to blend gradually, resulting in softer and life like attributes.

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This portrait represents a spacial geometric perceptive which results in a clear impression of depth. For example, the upwards diagonal from the base of the rock and the younger man's waist create a vanish point which in turn produces depth.

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This painting shows naturalism in how it portrays its landscape and people. The background accurately portrays trees and plants, the middle ground shows regular people hanging out and conversing, and the foreground with the wedding has people dynamically looking and posing like they would in that situation. No one looks unrealistic or uncanny, and there is a high level of detail throughout.

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This portrait also reflect the Renaissance trait of love of education. For instance, the younger men is carefully and thoughtfully observing and taking note of the world around him.

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Rectangles on the floor, the stairs and pillars, and the positions and sizing of people from the middle ground to background help create lines that converge to a point around the doorway of the building. Nothing looks bigger or smaller than it should be, giving depth and scale to the whole painting.

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This painting both illustrates the humanist ideas of Secularism and Individualism. While it portrays the biblical figures of Mary and Joseph, it still portrays Secularism in how they do not show them biblically. It instead puts them in the ordinary situation of a wedding, having other non-related people walking about in the background. It also portrays Individualism in how every person looks different and is doing their own thing during the wedding (conversing, walking, looking, etc).

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Shows classical architecture with a dome and arches in the background. Also is naturalistic. Illusion of a 3-D painting.

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“The Adoration of the Magi” by Sandro Botticelli 1475, (patrons of this painting were The Medici)

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Vanishing point at the main door of the temple focusing on the main subject seen as “the door to heaven”. Detail and depth.

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1) The architecture shown in this painting definitely refers back to the Ancient Greece and Rome style because of the arches in the background. 2) The classicism aesthetic is based on things like intellect, restrained emotion, simplicity and perfection which are all found in this painting. For example, none of the figures seem to be radiating with any kind of happiness or astonishment which would be appropriate in this situation.

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No distort in the painting. Represented based on the accurate depiction of detail. Rounded figures to make it look real.

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Naturalism is shown in this painting by all of its “natural” qualities, such as attention to detail in the humans and the addition of plants and animals. It really looks like the world we see around us which is the point.

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Shows characteristic of humanism by demonstrating individualism because each person is different and wears different clothing and don’t blend in together.

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There is definitely perspective in this painting as well as depth in the background. A vanishing point can be found which helps create a three-dimensional look on this 2-dimensional surface. Another thing is that Jesus is placed somewhat in the center and the people on the sides which helps to make it look like he is the focal point of the image.

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Humanism is evident in this painting because of how the characters are portrayed in a classical Greek and Roman nature. The key thing here though is the fact that Botticelli painted himself in his artwork. He is illustrated as divine but also not lacking human characteristics. This shows individualism which is artists signing their work to show off their own personal talent.

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The Creation of Adam, 1508-12, Michelangelo Buonarroti, Commissioned by Pope Julius II

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The figures mirror the characteristics of Greek and Roman art, with rounded figures, exaggerated features and they show people caught “in motion”.

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This painting shows classicism by featuring characters from the Bible; Mary and her son, Jesus, where the two of them are surrounded by various saints. Classicism is also shown in the background, where the people in the painting are inside a dome, which is Ancient Roman architecture.

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This painting shows naturalism because the people in this painting are similar to how we perceive humans to look like in real life. Each person in this painting looks three-dimensional & round, and they all don’t look like they’ve been copy and pasted. Nothing in this painting seems out of the ordinary visually, and there isn’t any distortion at all.

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They show people looking how real people look showing such depth and shading, but with exaggerated features and showing extraordinary figures

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It draws the attention to the interaction between God and Adam with the focus of most figures on the connection as well as many parts of the “frame” leading to their hands.

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This painting highlights the Greatness of Man most clearly as it shows humans without restraints, on the level of gods with what they can do or achieve.

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This painting uses geometric perspective by having all of the lines of the dome converge to the celing, which makes the painting look three-dimensional and gives it the illusion of depth.

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The Origin Of The Milky Way, by Tintoretto, about 1575 (patron: believed to be The “grand guardian” Scuola Grande di San Marco, Tommaso Rangone)

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This painting depicts classic uses of architecture. For example, there is a high arch in the doorway and more in the descending background. Pillars are also highlighted as a support structure.

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St. Jerome is illustrated with human characteristics because he has a shapely silhouette to him. His position while reading and studying is natural as well. Nothing seems to be distorted. The birds towards the front also are carefully drawn to resemble real life animals.

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On the floor, there are numerous detailed shapes. In addition, there is a clear vanishing point with the window in the center, making the eye travel there right away. The structure also has 3D dimensions, as well as the person and birds.

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This painting shows the Humanist principle of individualism. Francesco II Gonzaga comissioned this painting to celebrate his victory against the French armies at the battle of Fornovo. Gonzaga is painted kneeling to the left of Mary, who seems to be blessing him. This shows how important he is to be beside Mary and to be bleesed by her.

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This painting shows classicism by portraying an Ancient Greek myth. Zeus seduced Alcmene by appearing as her husband, she then had Heracles, he loved his son so much he wanted to make him immortal. To do this Heracles had to drink Zeus’ wife, Hera’s milk, he did this while she was asleep, but she was awoken by this, and pushed Hercules away, and the milk that spilled became the Milky Way.

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This painting shows naturalism by portraying the greek gods to look more human-like. No distortion is used on this piece, and they are in natural poses (look as if they are moving).

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Individualism is portrayed because the potential of someone’s ability to learn and develop an understanding of new things is shown. Education is displayed as well because the person is trying to gain intellect about the subject he is studying.

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This painting shows geometric Perspective by letting all lines converge at one point, this helps create depth in the painting.

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This reflects the individualism piece of humanism by portraying the characters nude.

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"Bacchus and Ariadne" by Titan, 1521-1523. Commisioned by Alfonso d'Este, Duke of Ferrara.

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This painting illustrates classicism because it is based off of the ancient Greek mythology featuring princess Ariadne, hero Theseus, and the god Bacchus of wine.

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This painting shows naturalism because the people and gods in the art appear rounded, making them seem like how humans would look like in real life. And there is also no forms of distortion used in any parts of the painting.

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This painting demonstrates geometric perspective because all of the lines from the trees to the people all disapear into a vanishing point focusing on Bacchus, god of wine. This creates the illusion of depth in the painting.

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This painting also shows secularism in that there are no biblical references seen anywhere in the artwork.

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Procession of the True Cross, by Gentile Bellini, 1479 (patron: Bellini himself)

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The buildings in this painting display Roman architectural features including pillars and domed roofs. There are also themes of Christianity, with there being the “True Cross,” which is believed to be the very cross Jesus was crucified on.

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This painting possesses shading and depth with more rounded figures. However, it is not completely realistic.

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The lines created from the ground and the buildings all converge towards the building in the back. That building is the Saint Mark's Basilica, a church that must have been very important at this point in time.

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Individualism can be seen through the people in the sense that they don’t all blend together. There are distinct people, doing distinct things, in distinct clothing. There’s the doge (leader of Venice), the scuole, (a Venetian confraternity), merchants, and more.

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The humans are all in dynamic poses. Perseus has his arm raised ready to kill the monster. Some people in the crowd are to scared to watch, others are watching transfixed.

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The 1 point perspective is in the cent of the horizon. This draws attention to Perseus and the sea monster. You can also see the lines in the rock faces in the background.

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Perseus killing the sea monster is testament to human power. Andromeda was supposed to be a sacrifice to monster to placate Posiden. Perseus defied the gods and succeeded.

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St. Jerome in His Study, by Antonello da Messina, (1474) commissioned by the Vespucci family.

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The Tribute Money, Masaccio, 1425, commissioned by Felice Brancacci.

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People depicted are wearing Greek clothing/ wearing clothing in Greek fashion

Posing for one of the characters based off of a Greek statue

I’m not sure if it counts, but there is a small arch on a building in the painting

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No distortion

Natural facial expressions

Natural posing/no awkward standing or weird posing

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Christ is the vanishing point of the painting

All people shown are in 3D

The proportions are clear and accurate for both the people and the background

The shadows beneath the people are cast correctly

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Real feelings shown, not idealized

A main focus of painting is the emotions of the people, rather than simply just Jesus

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Painting of the Piazza della Signoria and Loggia dei Lanzi in Florence, 1830, Carlo Canella

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This painting shows classicism through the Greek/Roman style architecture of the buildings in the painting. It also has Greek style statues scattered around. It’s use of domes, open area, and pillars shows classicism.

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The people in this painting show naturalism through what they are doing and what their poses are. For example some people appear to be talking and some people are laying at the bottom of the statues. The statues also look natural and not very stiff or rigid.

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The painting shows geometric perspective by having the focus be at a sale point slightly offset to the right and centered in the painting. All of the lines converge at this point and make it pop more.

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This painting shows secularism because there are no biblical references. It also shows classicism through its vast use of Roman and Greek architecture.

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Venetian Painting in the Early Renaissance

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Venetian Painting in the Early Renaissance

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Geometric perspective shows vanishing points and perspectives like how you see the grass and building in the background and you see the trees.

Naturalism because the poses they are doing

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St Augustine Teaching in Rome painted by Benozzo Gozzoli (1464-1465)

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St Augustine Teaching in Rome painted by Benozzo Gozzoli (1464-1465)

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Geometric perspective- It shows vanishing points and perspective; showing people and buildings from further away.

Classicism- There is examples of classicism from the teachings. They’re scholars from a chapel.