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March 3, 1865  Freedmen’s Bureau created

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March 3, 1865  Freedmen’s Bureau created

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The Freedmen's Bureau was a government agency created after the Civil War to help newly freed African Americans with things like education, housing, and employment.

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April 15, 1865 Abraham Lincoln is assassinated 

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April 15, 1865 Abraham Lincoln is assassinated 

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Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth while attending a play at Ford's Theatre in 1865

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April 15, 1865 Andrew Johnson becomes president

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April 15, 1865 Andrew Johnson becomes president

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On April 15, 1865, after President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated, Vice President Andrew Johnson became the new president of the United States.

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Fall 1865 Black Codes start to be implemented throughout the South

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Fall 1865 Black Codes start to be implemented throughout the South

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In the fall of 1865, Southern states began passing Black Codes, which were unfair laws that limited the rights and freedoms of newly freed African Americans.

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On December 6, 1865, the 13th Amendment was ratified, officially ending slavery in the United States.

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On December 24, 1865, the KKK, a violent group that opposed the rights of African Americans, was formed in the South.

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In April 1866, the Civil Rights Act of 1866 was passed, giving citizenship and equal rights to all people born in the United States, including formerly enslaved African Americans.

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On May 1, 1866, the Memphis Race Riot broke out when white mobs attacked African American neighborhoods, resulting in violent clashes and the deaths of many Black residents.

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March 2, 1867 - March 11, 1868 Reconstruction Acts of 1867

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March 2, 1867 - March 11, 1868 Reconstruction Acts of 1867

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The Reconstruction Acts were passed, dividing the South into military districts and requiring Southern states to grant rights to African Americans and approve the 14th Amendment to rejoin the Union.

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June 1870 Treaty of Annexation of Santo Domingo 

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June 1870 Treaty of Annexation of Santo Domingo 

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In June 1870, the United States tried to make Santo Domingo (now the Dominican Republic) a part of the country through the Treaty of Annexation, but the plan was rejected by Congress.

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July 28, 1868 14th Amendment is ratified

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July 28, 1868 14th Amendment is ratified

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On July 28, 1868, the 14th Amendment was ratified, granting citizenship and equal protection under the law to all people born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves.

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November 3, 1868 Ulysses S. Grant elected

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November 3, 1868 Ulysses S. Grant elected

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On November 3, 1868, Ulysses S. Grant, a Union general during the Civil War, was elected as the 18th president of the United States.

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Winter 1868: Southern Constitutional Conventions including freedman

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Winter 1868: Southern Constitutional Conventions including freedman

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During the winter of 1868, Southern states held constitutional conventions that included freedmen, allowing African Americans to participate in creating new state governments and laws.

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February 3, 1870 15th Amendment is ratified

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February 3, 1870 15th Amendment is ratified

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On February 3, 1870, the 15th Amendment was ratified, which gave African American men the right to vote and said that no one could be denied the right to vote based on their race.

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On April 13, 1873, the Colfax Massacre occurred in Louisiana when a violent white mob attacked a group of African Americans who were trying to protect their right to vote, resulting in the deaths of many Black residents.

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1875 Mississippi Plan or “Shotgun Policy”

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1875 Mississippi Plan or “Shotgun Policy”

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It was a strategy used in 1875 by white Democrats to use violence and intimidation against African American voters to gain control of the state government and suppress Black political participation.

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After the 1876 election Compromise of 1877

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After the 1876 election Compromise of 1877

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The Compromise of 1877 resulted in Republican Rutherford B. Hayes becoming president in exchange for the withdrawal of federal troops from the South, effectively ending Reconstruction and allowing Southern states to regain control.