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Residential segregation is the separation of groups of people into allocated locations based on factors such as: race, religion, economic standing, family dynamic, and more. Residential segregation has had lasting effects on people's lives and access to certain opportunities.

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Residential segregation can cause multiple negative affects on people from various background groups. Some of the difficulties people can face from residential segregation include:

poverty

employment opportunities

incarceration

educational disparities

access to facilities

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- https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/segregation-united-states

- https://www.opportunityatlas.org/

- https://housingmatters.urban.org/articles/why-does-segregation-between-school-districts-matter-educational-equity

- https://www.urban.org/racial-equity-analytics-lab/structural-racism-explainer-collection/causes-and-consequences-separate-and-unequal-neighborhoods

- https://www.justice.gov/crt/fair-housing-act-1

- https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/fair-housing-act

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Residential segregation also came with other types of difficulties such as redlining, which denies mortgages, loans, and other services to residents based on the area they live and their race or ethnicity.

People of color would often be denied loans due to being "classified as risky investments because of their race, ethnicity, and immigration status... legally prohibited [Black] people from buying properties in certain areas, and intimidation and violence were commonly used to maintain segregated neighborhoods." (2021, Bramhall, Why Does Segregation Between School Districts Matter for Education Equity?)

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The opportunity atlas is a unique tool where you can look at trends and percentages of states, counties, and neighborhoods. Some of these trends include high school graduation, incarceration, teen pregnancies, and income. You can even filter out various income brackets, races, and gender in order to see how different variables affect livelihood in neighborhoods.

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According to the opportunity atlas:

The incarceration rates in Tucson are much higher on the Southern and Western ends of the city

These areas are known for housing people from lower income brackets and people of color

With some of the highest incarceration rates from 5.7% - 7.1% of the population in the dark red zones.

As opposed to the Northern and Eastern areas of Tucson typically see less than 1% of their population being incarcerated

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The Fair Housing Act of 1968 was enacted to address the discrimination that occurred in housing affairs. So that people could conduct housing affairs without being discriminated against based on their race, ethnicity, religion, or gender.

The Fair Housing Act also went through an amendment in 1988, which expanded the Act to prohibit discrimination based on disability or family dynamic.

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The Fair Housing Act prohibited to discriminate for the following

Refusal to rent, sell, or negotiate

Make the housing "unavailable" for certain potential buyers

Set different terms or conditions

Provide/limit different services or facilities

List different sale prices or rental charges

Change qualifications and criteria for the purchase or rental of a house

Evict a tenant

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Residential Segregation can unwillingly put our students into educational disadvantages.

Students in k-8 are often made to stay in schools according to the districts they live in

Schools in 'lower districts' often have less resources available for their staff and students compared to other districts

Potentially higher dropout rates due to outside factors or poor school conditions