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1. Who are the participants? What are the learning outcomes?

Participants: 30 diverse learners (international, working professionals, various learning styles) and Ms. Pendo (trainer).

Learning Outcomes: Understand leadership styles, analyze their impact on decision-making, apply styles to real scenarios, and reflect on personal experiences.

2. Were the participants fully engaged? Why or why not?

Not fully engaged.

Active learners joined discussions, but introverts, slow processors, and some international learners struggled with pace and participation format.

3. What strategies were used to make the learning inclusive and inviting?

Mixed methods: lecture, group activity, discussion, and written reflection.

Reflection helped quieter learners engage.

4. If this was your session, what might you do differently next time?

Share materials in advance.

Use visual aids and clear instructions.

Provide multiple ways to participate (written, digital tools).

Allow more time for reflection and group processing.

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ACTIVITY 3.4

TASK

a)      Who are the participant? What are the learning outcomes.

Participants -Business management course learners( international learners, working professionals)

Outcomes -teach the learners about leadership styles and decision making in an organization.

b)      Were the participants fully engaged? Why or Why not?

-          Due to use of group discussion some learners were actively participated/engaged in discussion while others were not engaged where they remained silent.

-          A few were not engaged because they were struggling to keep up with the case study due to slow information processing ability.

-          On the other hand, some international learners found it challenging to follow fast-paced conversations which made them not fully engaged.

c)      What strategies were used to make the learning inclusive and intentionally inviting?

-          Use of case studies activities where small groups analyzed leadership dilemma in their discussion.

-          Use of class discussions where groups shared their thoughts.

-          Also use of individual reflection assignment at the end of the session.

d)      If this was your session, what might you do differently next time?

-          Make sure that there is enough time for reflection to assist the introvert trainees

-          During delivery of the session, use step by step methods or strategies conversation to accommodate international learners

-          Use of UDL principles to accommodate all trainees during learning process

-          Also choose the best active learning strategies to suit every trainee

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Every sunrise carries a gentle reminder that life’s beauty lies not in perfection, but in the courage to grow, hope, and begin again.

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Engaging & Inclusive Learning in a Diverse Classroom

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Engaging & Inclusive Learning in a Diverse Classroom

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1. Who are the participants? What are the learning outcomes?
The participants are international learners, working professionals, and individuals with diverse learning styles. The learning outcomes are to understand different leadership styles and apply them in decision-making within organizational contexts.

2. Were the participants fully engaged? Why or why not?
Not all participants were fully engaged. While some actively contributed to discussions, others were hesitant due to introversion, language barriers, or slower information processing.

3. What strategies were used to make the learning inclusive and intentionally inviting?
Ms. Pendo used a mix of strategies—lecture for structured input, group case study for collaboration, class discussion for sharing, and reflection assignments to give quieter learners a voice.

4. If this was your session, what might you do differently next time?
I would incorporate varied participation options such as think-pair-share, provide case study materials in advance for better preparation, and slow down the pace to support international and reflective learners. This would ensure more balanced engagement across all learners.

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Case Study Response: Engaging & Inclusive Learning in a Diverse Classroom

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Case Study Response: Engaging & Inclusive Learning in a Diverse Classroom

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1. Who are the participants? What are the learning outcomes?

- Participants: 30 diverse learners including international students, working professionals, and learners with different learning styles.

- Learning Outcomes:

- Understand different leadership styles.

- Analyse how leadership styles impact decision-making.

- Reflect on personal leadership experiences.

2. Were the participants fully engaged? Why or why not?

Not all were fully engaged. Reasons include:

- Varying communication preferences (some preferred reflection to discussion).

- Fast-paced delivery excluded slow processors and some international learners.

- Lack of multiple engagement modes limited inclusivity.

- Timing of reflection didn’t allow for class-wide sharing or feedback.

3. What strategies were used to make learning inclusive and inviting?

- Group work and case studies promoted collaborative learning.

- Reflection assignment gave introverted or less vocal learners a way to engage.

- Variety in activity format addressed some learning style differences.

4. If this was your session, what might you do differently next time?

- I would incorporate Universal Design for Learning (UDL): Present content in varied ways at different stages and for different learning outcomes.

- I would also provide case study materials in advance: this would take ensure support for learners who process information more slowly or have language barriers.

-i would also ensure multiple active learning strategies and ICT integration for those hesitant to speak and for flexibility.

- I would ensure reflections mid-session and invite voluntary sharing to promote diverse perspectives.

- I would assign different roles during group tasks to help hesitant learners contribute comfortably.

- I would also ensure appropriate pace during session activities and allow processing time after instructions, especially for international learners

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Who are the participants?

30 learners from diverse backgrounds:

International students

Working professionals

Learners with varied learning styles (visual, auditory, kinesthetic, reflective)

Ms. Pendo, the trainer facilitating the session

What are the learning outcomes?

Understand different leadership styles (e.g., autocratic, democratic, transformational)

Analyze how leadership styles influence decision-making in organizations

Reflect on personal experiences with leadership and apply theoretical concepts

Develop collaboration and communication skills through group work and discussion

Were the participants fully engaged? Why or why not?

Partially engaged.

✅ Engaged learners: Those comfortable with verbal participation and group dynamics thrived during discussions and case study analysis.

❌ Less engaged learners:

Introverts and reflective learners had limited opportunities to share until the final reflection.

International learners struggled with the pace and language nuances.

Learners who process information slowly found the case study activity challenging due to time constraints.

What strategies were used to make the learning inclusive and intentionally inviting?

Mixed teaching methods: Lecture, group work, discussion, and written reflection

Small group activities encouraged peer interaction and diverse viewpoints

Reflection assignment gave quieter learners a voice

Case study format allowed for practical application of theory

If this was your session, what might you do differently next time?

Pre-session prep: Share case study materials in advance to support slower processors and ESL learners

Flexible grouping: Mix learners by strengths (e.g., pairing verbal communicators with reflective thinkers)

Multimodal engagement: Include visual aids, role-play, or leadership style quizzes to cater to different learning styles

Inclusive discussion: Use tools like digital polls or anonymous question boards to allow all voices to be heard

Extended reflection: Begin the session with a short personal reflection to prime thinking and end with a group debrief to deepen insights

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1. Who are the participants? What are the learning outcomes?

The participants are trainer and 30 learners with diverse backgrounds, including international learners, working professionals, and learners with different learning styles

Learning Outcome: To teach learners about leadership styles and decision-making in organizations

2. Were the participants fully engaged? Why or why not?

ü  Yes, they were well involved as per the session because

ü  The trainer provided a brief explanation of different leadership styles.

ü  Learners were divided into small groups to analyze a leadership dilemma.

ü  Trainer gave group members time to share their thoughts even though some learners were active participant while others remained silent.

ü  Learners wrote a short reflection on how leadership styles affect their personal experiences.

3. What strategies were used to make the learning inclusive and intentionally inviting?

ü  Group discussion

ü  Group presentations

ü  Case study

ü  Reflection Assignment

4. If this was your session, what might you do differently next time

I will do the following to ensure all learners participate:

Assign roles that fit different comfort levels

In group tasks, I will give options such as timekeeper, note-taker, or slide designer rather than forcing speaking roles right away. Later, rotate roles so they experience presenting after building confidence.

Use peer-support

Pair silent students with supportive classmates in small activities.

Let them present together as a duo or with a group rather than solo to reduce anxiety.

Provide clear expectations and positive reinforcement

Explain why participation matters and set small, achievable goals.

Acknowledge every effort publicly with positive feedback to build confidence

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1. Who are the participants?

The trainer has a diverse class made up of trainees with varying learning abilities, motivation and language differences.

2. What are the learning outcomes?

3. By the end of the session the trainee will be able to:

1. Define the term leadership as used in this unit.

2. Apply different leadership skills according to organizational procedures.

4. Were the participants fully engaged? Why or why not?

The participants were fully engaged considering the variety of active learning activities employed by the trainer.

5. What strategies were used to make the learning inclusive and intentionally inviting?

The trainer used a some strategies to make the learning inclusive and intentionally inviting. The strategies used are:

Case studies

Group discussions

6. If this was your session, what might you do differently next time?

I would use more active learning strategies that require each trainee to be actively involved. Jigsaw can ensure all group member become experts in a subject matter.

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1. Who are the participants

-These are a blend of both national and international students, with diverse backgrounds, different learning styles, and working professionals enrolled to a business management course

2. Objectives

-To identify different leadership styles

-To demonstrate the decision-making process in an organization

3. Participants Engagement

Yes, they were engaged, due to;

-use of discussion groups,

manageable class size of 30

practical approach to learning,

use of written reflections

use of a case study scenario.

introverts got the time to express themselves at the end.

4. Strategies used for inclusive learning.

use of Real life scenarios,,

Used case studies to trigger students problem solving skills

use of discussion groups to encourage communication teamwork and collaboration

use of presentations to promote public speaking skills.

5. Recommendation if it was my class.

use a flipped classroom , a blended delivery approach to promote information retention

i would integrate gamification to promote ICT skills.

i would assign learners different roles to promote interaction.

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1. who were the participants?what are the learning outcomes?

A group of mixed learners taking a course in business management.

learning outcomes was to identify leaderhip styles, and b.apply decision making in an organisation

2. were the participants fully engaged?why?

YES.traine was able to employ different active learning strategies that encouraged learner participation in the session.

3. what strategies were used to make the learning inclusive and intentionally inviting?

The trainer was able to employ case study that promoted group collaboration and also class discussion and reflection at the end.

4. if this was your session what might you do differently next time?

If this was my session i might introduce peer teaching as an active learning technique as it seems there are knowlegeable trainees in the class that would be able to assist those who are not as so.

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1. Who are the participants? What are the learning outcomes?
The participants are 30 learners from diverse backgrounds: international students, working professionals, and learners with varied learning styles (discussion-oriented, reflective, and hands-on). The learning outcomes are for learners to

1. Understand different leadership styles

2. Analyze their impact on decision-making in organizationswhile applying this to personal and professional contexts.

2. Were the participants fully engaged? Why or why not?
Not all learners were fully engaged. While group discussions motivated active participants, some learners were hesitant due to personality differences (introverts), language barriers (international learners), or slower information processing. Engagement was uneven because activities catered more to extroverted and fast-processing learners.

3. What strategies were used to make the learning inclusive and intentionally inviting?

Variety of methods: lecture, group case study, class discussion, and reflection assignment.

Written reflections: gave introverted learners a voice.

Small group work: supported collaboration and peer learning.

4. If this was your session, what might you do differently next time?

Use Universal Design for Learning (UDL) by offering multiple ways to engage (visuals, guided notes, short videos).

Provide think-pair-share before open discussion, giving quieter and international learners time to process.

Integrate ongoing reflections instead of only at the end, allowing learners to share progressively.

Encourage use of digital tools (e.g., Padlet, polls) for inclusive participation.
This would ensure all learners—regardless of background or style—actively engage and feel included.

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Re: CASE STUDY 2

1. Who are the participants, and what are the learning outcomes?

Participants: The session involved 30 diverse learners, comprising international students, working professionals, and individuals with varied learning styles.

Learning Outcomes:

To highlight various leadership styles.

To analyse how leadership styles influence decision-making.

To reflect on personal leadership experiences.

2. Were the participants fully engaged? Why or why not?
Full engagement was not achieved due to several factors:

Differences in communication preferences, with some participants favouring reflection over active discussion.

A fast-paced delivery that disadvantaged slower processors and some international learners.

Limited use of multiple engagement modes, reducing overall inclusivity.

Insufficient time allocated for collective reflection and feedback.

3. What strategies were used to promote inclusive and inviting learning?

Group work and case studies facilitated collaborative learning.

Reflection assignments allowed introverted or less vocal participants to engage meaningfully.

A variety of activity formats addressed some, though not all, learning style differences.

4. What would you do differently if this were your session?

Incorporate Universal Design for Learning (UDL) by presenting content in multiple formats tailored to different stages and outcomes.

Provide case study materials in advance to support learners requiring additional processing time or those with language barriers.

Integrate diverse active learning strategies and ICT tools to accommodate participants hesitant to speak and to enhance flexibility.

Include mid-session reflections with opportunities for voluntary sharing to ensure a broader range of perspectives.

Assign specific roles during group tasks to encourage contributions from less confident participants.

Maintain an appropriate pace during activities and allow adequate processing time after instructions, particularly for international learners.

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1. Who are the participants? What are the learning outcomes?
The participants are 30 learners with diverse backgrounds, including international learners, working professionals, and individuals with varying learning styles. Some prefer discussions, others hands-on activities, and some written reflections. The learning outcomes are for learners to understand different leadership styles, analyze how they impact decision-making in organizations, and reflect on their personal experiences of leadership.

2. Were the participants fully engaged? Why or why not?
Not all participants were fully engaged. While some learners actively joined group discussions, others were hesitant to speak due to personality differences, language barriers, or learning preferences. A few learners struggled with the fast pace of the case study, and international learners found it challenging to follow discussions. Although the reflection task supported quieter learners, it came at the end of the session, limiting deeper engagement.

3. What strategies were used to make the learning inclusive and intentionally inviting?
Ms. Pendo used a variety of teaching methods to cater to different learning styles—lecture for auditory learners, group case study for collaborative learners, class discussion for active participants, and written reflection for reflective learners. By including multiple approaches, she created opportunities for diverse learners to engage in ways that suited their strengths.

4. If this was your session, what might you do differently next time?
If it were my session, I would pace the activities differently and provide support for diverse learners. For example, I would give learners guiding questions or handouts before the case study to help slower processors and international learners follow along more easily. I would also integrate reflection throughout the session, allowing introverted learners to share ideas earlier, rather than leaving it until the end. Additionally, using strategies like think–pair–share or anonymous polling would encourage broader participation. Finally, I would adjust the discussion pace and actively invite quieter learners to contribute, ensuring the session remains inclusive and balanced for all.

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ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDY  2

Engaging and Inclusive Learning in a Diverse Classroom

1. Who are the participants? What are the learning outcomes?

The participants are 30 learners from diverse backgrounds;

International students (with language and cultural differences).

Working professionals with practical experience.

Learners with varied learning styles (visual, auditory, kinesthetic, reflective).

Learners with different personalities (introverts vs. extroverts).

Learning Outcomes:

By the end of the session, learners should be able to:

Identify and explain different leadership styles.

Analyze how leadership styles influence decision-making in organizations.

Reflect on how leadership styles relate to their personal or professional experiences.

2. Were the participants fully engaged? Why or why not?

Not all learners were fully engaged.

Engaged: Learners who enjoy group discussions and case studies actively participated.

Less engaged: Introverts and slow processors struggled with the fast pace of the discussion.

International learners found it hard to follow rapid conversations.

Some learners were hesitant to speak in front of the whole class.

While the reflection assignment allowed quieter learners to contribute, it came too late in the session to influence class interaction.

3.     What strategies were used to make the learning inclusive and intentionally inviting?

Multiple learning formats were offered:

Lecture for auditory learners.

Case study activity for collaborative/experiential learners.

Reflection assignment for reflective/introverted learners.

Small groups encouraged peer interaction, giving some learners a safer space to share.

Written reflections allowed those uncomfortable with speaking to express their views.

4.   If this was your session, what might you do differently next time?

To improve inclusivity and engagement, I would:

Balance Participation; How? Use Think–Pair–Share before the class discussion so all learners get a chance to prepare and share in smaller steps.

Encourage rotating roles in groups (note-taker, presenter, timekeeper) so everyone contributes.

Support International & Slow Processors

Provide case study handouts in advance or short summaries for easier comprehension.

Slow down the pace of discussions and check for understanding.

Enhance Reflection Opportunities

Integrate reflection midway through the session (e.g., quick journaling after the lecture) so learners can connect ideas before group work.

Allow optional sharing of reflections in pairs or small groups for more interaction.

Use UDL Principles

Provide leadership concepts through visuals, charts, and examples, not only spoken lecture.

Offer multiple ways for learners to demonstrate understanding: oral contribution, written notes, or quick digital polls.

Engagement through Technology (if resources allow)

Use tools like Mentimeter, Padlet, or Kahoot to gather input anonymously, encouraging shy learners to participate.

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3/ 6

Kind Buffalo

3 days ago

case study

Gichuhi

1 The participants were international students and the learning outcomes were

1. train on leaderships styles

2. train on decision making process

2 some learners were engaged while others only participated during refection of the session, The reason is because of the method teaching used which was not engaging all the learners

3 case study and group discussion were used and was inclusive and inviting to most learners. However some learners were only engaged during refection of the session

4 If this was my session i would avoid use of lecture method and use various strategies like kahoot to engage all learner, use padlet for class discusion. use thin pair and share and exit ticket. This would ensure all are engaged during my session

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Shadrack Odero Case Study 2- Bidii College

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Shadrack Odero Case Study 2- Bidii College

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Who are the participants? What are the learning outcomes?
Learners taking Business Management Course. The are 30 students which include international students, working professionals and learners with different learning styles
Learning Outcomes include the following:
-Explain different leadership styles
-Describe decision making process in an organization

Were the participants fully engaged? Why or why not?
-Some learners were actively involved while others were hesitant to participate
-Some learners could be seen to be actively engaged due to equal entry level and may be due to similar professional background. Others were not actively engaged due to varying professional levels and background and due to variable expected learning styles

What strategies were used to make the learning inclusive and intentionally inviting?
They used reflection assignments at the end of the sessions.

If this was your session, what might you do differently next time?
I would have used UDL principle ie multiple means of presentation, multiple means of expression and multiple means of engagement,
I would also provide enabling environment eg adequate space, internet connectivity and clean environment
I would also facilitate availability of adequate tools, equipment and materials for use in the sessions