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Genesis 12  God calls Abram to Canaan

God spoke to Abram and told him to get up and leave Haran. God said “I will build a great nation from you. I will bless you and make your name famous. People will use your name to bless other people. I will bless those who bless you, and I will curse those who curse you. I will use you to bless all the people on earth.”

When left he took his wife Sarai, nephew Lot, all the slaves, and all of his things. Then all of them moved to the land of Canaan.

After Abram went to Egypt because they had run out of food. Abram had told Sarai to say she was his sister. The Egyptian men saw that Sarai was a very beautiful woman and they took her to Pharaoh’s house. Pharaoh was kind to Abram because he thought Abram was Sarai’s brother and he gave Abram sheep, cattle, donkeys, camels, and men and women servants.

Because Pharaoh took Abram’s wife, God caused Pharaoh and all the people in his house to have very bad diseases. Pharaoh told Abram to take all of his belongings and leave.

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Genesis 13

Then Abram left Egypt and went back to the altar he had built between Bethlehem and Hai.

During this time Lot was also traveling with Abram. Abram and Lot had so many animals that there was not enough space for them where they settled. They began to argue and eventually separated. Lot traveled east to Sodom and Abram stayed in Canaan.

The Lord spoke to Abram telling him that “All this land that you see I will give to you and your people who live after you. This will be your land forever.” and that he would multiply Abram’s people into a nation.

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Genesis 14 Lot is captured and Abram rescues him

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Genesis 14 Lot is captured and Abram rescues him

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Kedorlaomer, one of the kings, took everything that the people of Sodom and Gomorrah owned. At that time Lot was living there and they captured him a took everything he owned.

One of the men who had escaped went to Abram and told him what happened. He led the men and chased the enemy all the way to the town of Dan and on the same night, Abram gathered his men and they attacked.

Abram rescued lot and gave back all that they have stole to lot.

Melchizedek, the king of Salem went to meet Abram. He brought bread and wine and he blessed Abram and said, “Abram, may you be blessed by God Most High, the one who made heaven and earth. And we praise God Most High, who helped you defeat your enemies.” Abram then gave him 1/10 of all he had taken during the battle.

The king of Sodom asked Abram for the people Abram captured and he did so, gladly.

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The Lord spoke to Abram in a vision and promises him a son.  Abram believed the Lord because of his faith. God then promised Abram that he would get and own the ‘land’.

God tells Abram that since his descendants will live in a country that is not their own, they would be strangers there. And his people will be slaves for 400 years. God would punish those who captured them. Abram will then die and after 4 generations his people would defeat the Amorites.

So on that day the Lord made a promise and an agreement with Abram. He said, “I will give this land to your descendants. I will give them the land between the River of Egypt and the great river Euphrates….”

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Marshall Claxton, (12 May 1811 – 28 July 1881) Hagar and Ishmael at the Well, c. 1842

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Abram and Sarai have not had a child, so Sarai told Abram to sleep with her salve Hagar.  Abram slept with Hagar, and she became pregnant. When Hagar realized this, she despised Sarai. So Sarai was cruel to Hagar, and Hagar ran away.

An angle of the Lord appeared to Hagar and asked her why she was not with her owner. Hagar told the angle that she ran away from Sarai. The angle told her to return to Sarai and obey her because she will have many descendants.

The angel of the Lord also said to her: “You are now pregnant and you will give birth to a son. You shall name him Ishmael, for the Lord has heard of your misery. He will be a wild donkey of a man; his hand will be against everyone and everyone’s hand against him,
and he will live in hostility toward all his brothers.”

Hagar gave birth to Abram’s son, and Abram named the son Ishmael.

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The Lord appeared to Abram. The lord told Abram to obey him and live the right way. If he did this, the lord would prepare an agreement between him and will promise to make his people a great nation.

Then Abram bowed down before God and God said to him. “I will make you the father of many nations. I will change your name from Abram to Abraham, because I am making you the father of many nations.” God promised him descendants, new nations and kings. The promise would last forever.

In order for this agreement to come to past ever male descended must be circumcised. And every boy who is a slave of Abraham people must be circumcised.

God gave Sarai a new name Sarai. Then God blessed Sarah and told Abraham that she would have a child named Isaac. Abraham laughed because Sarah was too old to have a child.

God said that he would establish is covenant with Issac.

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Genesis 18 God promises a son to Abraham & punishes Sodom 

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Genesis 18 God promises a son to Abraham & punishes Sodom 

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The Lord appeared to Abraham as three men. These men told Abraham that Sarah would soon have a child. Sarah was listening to them speak and she laughed because both her and Abraham were too old and weak to have a child. ‘I have become old and weak. My husband is also old. I will never have a baby and be happy like that.’ The Lord told Sarah that at the same time next year, he would return and Sarah would have a son.

God was going to punish the people of Sodom because they were wicked. Abraham then asked the Lord if he would still destroy the city if there were 50 good people, and what if there were 45, or 30, 20, or 10. God said he would not destroy the city if he could find 10 good people.

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Two angels arrived in Sodom and warned Lot that God was going to destroy the city. He ran outside and told everyone that God was going to destroy the city. No one took him seriously.

Lot took his wife and two daughters and he Rand away from the city and into Zoar.

Then the Lord poured sulphur that was on fire down on Sodom and Gomorrah. God destroyed the cities. He killed all the people who lived in those cities. And he killed all the plants that grew on the land. However, Lot's wife disobeys God's command to not look behind here. and is turned into a pillar of salt.

After the destruction, Lot and his family settle in a new location, where the Lord tells them not to look back towards Sodom.

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When Abraham was in Gerar he told people that his wife, Sarah, was his sister. Because of this, Abimelek, the king of Gerar took Sarah so that she would be his wife.

God appeared to Abimelek in a dream and told him that he would die if he took Sarah as his wife. Abimelek told God that Abraham had told him that Sarah was his sister and Sarah said that herself.

So, God told Abimelek that if he does not give back Sarah to her husband him and his people would die. Abimelek Confronted Abraham and asked him why he lied. Abraham said he was afraid they would kill him for his wife.

Abimelek forgave Abraham and game him 1000 pieces of silver and male and female servants. Then Abraham prayed to God, and God healed Abimelek, his wife and his female slaves so they could have children again.

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Charles Lock EastlakeHagar Offering Water to Her Son, Ishmael, in the Desert, c. 1842

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Genesis 21 Abraham's sons & Abraham and Abimelech’s agreement

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Genesis 21 Abraham's sons & Abraham and Abimelech’s agreement

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Sarah gave birth to her sone Isaac. Abraham circumcised him like God told him to. When Issac was old enough Abraham threw him a party.

Sarah told Abraham to spend Ishmael because he wasn’t her son. Abraham was not the happiest but God told him that his descendant will come through Isaac and not Ishmael. However, Ishmael was also Abraham’s son, Ishmael’s descendants would also be a great nation.

God took care of Ishmael while he grew up. The boy lived in the desert. When he was old enough Hagar found an Egyptian wife for him to marry.

Abimelech made Abrama promise that he would never deceive him or his descendants and be kind to them.

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Caravaggio (1571–1610)Sacrifice of Isaac, circa 1603

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God told Abraham to take his only son Isaac and go to Moriah and offer his son as a burnt offering. The next morning Abraham got up and saddled his donkey. He took Isaac and two servants with him.

When they reached he told his servants to wait as he and his son continued. Abraham took wood for the sacrifice and his knife. When they arrived, Abraham built an altar. He carefully laid the wood on the altar. Then he tied Isaac and laid him on the altar on top of the wood. Abraham almost killed his son when an angel told Abraham not to kill Isaac. Abraham offered a ram instead and God blessed Abraham many descendants.

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In this covenant, God promises Abraham numerous descendants, the promised land, and blessings for all nations through his descendants.

Promise of Descendants: God promises Abraham that he will be the father of a great nation and that his descendants will be numerous. This promise is fulfilled through Abraham's son Isaac.

Promised Land: God promises Abraham and his descendants a specific land as their inheritance.

The Covenant symbolizes God's faithfulness and commitment to his chosen people. The fulfillment of the covenant demonstrates that. Despite the challenges and obstacles faced by Abraham and his descendants, God remains faithful to His covenant.

Source 1: https://www.gotquestions.org/Abrahamic-covenant.html

Source 2: https://jewishmuseum.org.uk/schools/asset/the-covenant/#:~:text=The%20covenant%20is%20a%20promise,a%20symbol%20of%20the%20covenant.

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A covenant is an agreement between two parties. There are two basic types of covenants: conditional and unconditional. A conditional or bilateral covenant is an agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment. Both parties agree to fulfill certain conditions. If either party fails to meet their responsibilities, the covenant is broken and neither party has to fulfill the expectations of the covenant. An unconditional or unilateral covenant is an agreement between two parties, but only one of the two parties has to do something. Nothing is required of the other party.

The Abrahamic Covenant is an unconditional covenant. The actual covenant is found in Genesis 12:1-3. The ceremony recorded in Genesis 15 indicates the unconditional nature of the covenant. When a covenant was dependent upon both parties keeping commitments, then both parties would pass between the pieces of animals. In Genesis 15, God alone moves between the halves of the animals. Abraham was in a deep sleep. God's solitary action indicates that the covenant is principally His promise. He binds Himself to the covenant.

Later, God gave Abraham the rite of circumcision as the specific sign of the Abrahamic Covenant (Genesis 17:9-14). All males in Abraham's line were to be circumcised and thus carry with them a lifelong mark in their flesh that they were part of God's physical blessing in the world. Any descendant of Abraham who refused circumcision was declaring himself to be outside of God's covenant; this explains why God was angry with Moses when Moses failed to circumcise his son (Exodus 4:24-26).

God determined to call out a special people for Himself, and through that special people He would bless the whole world. The Lord tells Abram,
"I will make you into a great nation,
and I will bless you;
I will make your name great,
and you will be a blessing.
I will bless those who bless you,
and whoever curses you I will curse;
and all peoples on earth
will be blessed through you" (Genesis 12:2-3).

Based on this promise, God later changed Abram's name from Abram ("high father") to Abraham ("father of a multitude") in Genesis 17:5. As we've seen, the Abrahamic Covenant is unconditional. It should also be taken literally. There is no need to spiritualize the promise to Abraham. God's promises to Abraham's descendants will be fulfilled literally.

The Abrahamic Covenant included the promise of land (Genesis 12:1). It was a specific land, an actual property, with dimensions specified in Genesis 15:18-21. In Genesis 13:15, God gives Abraham all the land that he can see, and the gift is declared to be "forever." God was not going to renege on His promise. The territory given as part of the Abrahamic Covenant is expanded in Deuteronomy 30:1-10, often called the Palestinian Covenant.

Centuries after Abraham died, the children of Israel took possession of the land under Joshua's leadership (Joshua 21:43). At no point in history, though, has Israel controlled all of the land God had specified. There remains, therefore, a final fulfillment of the Abrahamic Covenant that will see Israel occupying their God-given homeland to the fullest extent. The fulfillment will be more than a matter of geography; it will also be a time of holiness and restoration (see Ezekiel 20:40-44 and 36:1-37:28).

The Abrahamic Covenant also promised many descendants (Genesis 12:2). God promised that the number of Abraham's children would rival that of "the dust of the earth" (Genesis 15:16). Nations and kings would proceed from him (Genesis 17:6). It is significant that the promise was given to an aged, childless couple. But Abraham "did not waver through unbelief" (Romans 4:20), and his wife Sarah "considered him faithful who had made the promise" (Hebrews 11:11). Abraham was justified by his faith (Genesis 15:6), and he and his wife welcomed Isaac, the son of promise, into their home when they were 100 and 90 years old, respectively (Genesis 21:5).

God reiterates the Abrahamic Covenant to Isaac and to his son Jacob, whose name God changes to Israel. The great nation is eventually established in the land where Abraham had dwelled. King David, one of Abraham's many descendants, is given the Davidic Covenant (2 Samuel 7:12-16), promising a "son of David" who would one day rule over the Jewish nation-and all nations-from Jerusalem. Many other Old Testament prophecies point to the blessed, future fulfillment of that promise (e.g., Isaiah 11; Micah 4; Zechariah 8).

The Abrahamic Covenant also included a promise of blessing and redemption (Genesis 12:3). All the earth would be blessed through Abraham. This promise finds its fulfillment in the New Covenant (Jeremiah 31:31-34; cf. Luke 22:20), which was ratified by Jesus Christ, the son of Abraham and Redeemer who will one day "restore everything" (Acts 3:21).

Five times in Genesis 12, as God is giving the Abrahamic Covenant, He says, "I will." Clearly, God takes the onus of keeping the covenant upon Himself. The covenant is unconditional. One day, Israel will repent, be forgiven, and be restored to God's favor (Zechariah 12:10-14; Romans 11:25-27). One day, the nation of Israel will possess the entire territory promised to them. One day, the Messiah will return to set up His throne, and through His righteous rule the whole world will be blessed with an abundance of peace, pleasure, and prosperity.

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What is the Abrahamic Covenant? How is the Abrahamic Covenant related to premillennialism and amillennialism?