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According to GHP, Hungarian OB Doctor, Ignaz Semmelweis is known as "The father of hand Hygiene"(2017). As a result of his studies, Semmelweis implemented a new rule mandating handwashing. The rates of death in his maternity ward fell dramatically (GHP, 2017). Frequent handwashing has overall made it safer for Nurses to provide patient care.

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1861 - Start of Civil War - no formally trained nurses

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1861 - Start of Civil War - no formally trained nurses

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At the start of the civil war there were no formally trained nurses. People from the North and South volunteered to care for the wounded. Sanitary conditions where not maintained due to very primitive conditions (Cherry & Jacob, 2019).

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1863 - Woman’s Hospital of Philadelphia offers a six month, course in nursing (Penn Nursing, 2011).

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1863 - Woman’s Hospital of Philadelphia offers a six month, course in nursing (Penn Nursing, 2011).

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This marked the start of formal training of nurses. Without formal training it is hard to provide safe and effective care to the sick.

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1887 - High nurse to patient ratios and unsafe working conditions

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1887 - High nurse to patient ratios and unsafe working conditions

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During the Civil war regulations were put in place for nurses. Some of these included taking care of approximately 60 patients, cleaning and mopping, work 7am to 8pm, and banned from drinking alcohol, dancing, smoking, and getting hair done in a hair salon (Cherry & Jacob, 2019).

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1900s Requirement of nurses to become registered before entering practice (Cherry & Jacob, 2019).

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1900s Requirement of nurses to become registered before entering practice (Cherry & Jacob, 2019).

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This was a major step in advancing safe patient care.

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The creation of the EMR made it easier for nurses to navigate their patients' medical history which also decreased the number of mistakes made by the nurse. It also allowed the healthcare team to communicate more effectively (Net Health, 2022). Although this invention seems irrelevant to unsafe working environments, this advancement has tremendously helped nurses perform more efficiently and effectively.

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1982- American Academy of Nursing identifies forty-one hospitals as “Magnet Hospitals” (Penn Nursing, 2011).

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1982- American Academy of Nursing identifies forty-one hospitals as “Magnet Hospitals” (Penn Nursing, 2011).

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This movement provided nurses with hospitals that have optimal working conditions. According to Cherry & Jacob, magnet hospitals show excellence in low RN turnover rates, and offering a more positive and safe working environment (2019).

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1999- California Governor Gray Davis signs the nation’s first state law mandating specific nurse-to-patient ratios (Penn Nursing 2011).

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1999- California Governor Gray Davis signs the nation’s first state law mandating specific nurse-to-patient ratios (Penn Nursing 2011).

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This mandate provided nurses with a safer workload. Having a high workload puts stress on the healthcare team and can lead to unsafe working conditions where easy mistakes are made.

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The Covid- 19 Pandemic affected a lot of nurses physically and mentally causing depression and anxiety (Suryavanshi et al., 2020). Many nurses are leaving bedside nursing or changing job paths which is also creating a nursing shortage. As a healthcare worker during the pandemic, I noticed extremely unsafe working environments due to high Nurse to patient ratios and increased stress. In addition, at one time, there was not enough Personal Protective Equipment available for the healthcare team to use. We ended up having to share and reuse our supply.