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Mihail Gorbachev
Gorbachev agreed on negotiations with the U.S. President George H.W. to allow free travel

Ronald Reagan
President that challenged Soviet Leader Mikhail Gorbachev to “tear down” the Berlin Wall, a symbol of the repressive Communist era during a Cold War speech

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Bay of Pigs
a failed landing operation on the southwestern coast of Cuba  by Cuban exiles directed by the US government
Fidel Castro
A Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba and wanted to convert Cuba into a socialist system
John F. Kennedy
American politician who served as the 35th president of the United States
Nikita Khrushchev
First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

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Brinkmanship
The practice of forcing a confrontation in order to achieve the desired outcome; in the Cold War, brinkmanship meant using nuclear weapons
Deterrence
Used mainly at preventing aggression by the hostile Communist power centers to prevent nuclear attacks
Strategic Arms Limitations Talks
Negotiations between the United States and the Soviet Union to place limits and restraints on some of their central and most important armaments.
Strategic Defense Initiative
A proposed missile defense system intended to protect the United States from attack by ballistic strategic nuclear weapons by Ronald Reagan.

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Glasnost
The policy or practice of a more open consultative government and wider dissemination of information, initiated by leader Mikhail Gorbachev
Perestroika
An economic policy introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev in 1985. Perestroika means 'restructuring,' and was an attempt to improve the failing communist command economy through increased automation and labor efficiency

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Chiang Kai-Shek
Chinese Nationalist politician, revolutionary, and military leader, who served as the leader of the Republic of China
Cultural Revolution
A campaign in China ordered by Mao Zedong to purge the Communist Party of his opponents and instill revolutionary values in the younger generation. Lasted from 1966 to 1976
Great Leap Forward
An economic and social campaign led by the Chinese Communist Party from 1958 to 1962. Mao Zedong launched the campaign to reconstruct the country to increase China's economy and industry.
Mao Zedong
Chinese communist revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China
Taiwan
The Communists gained control of mainland China and forced the leadership of the Republic of China to retreat to the island of Taiwan

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Douglas MacArthur
American military leader who served as General of the Army for the United States and led United Nations forces in the Korean War
United Nations
Declared North Korean actions constituted a breach of peace, recommending UN members provide assistance to South Korea. 16 countries sent troops and 41 sent equipment or aid
38th Parallel
The boundary that roughly separates North Korea and South Korea

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Ho Chi Minh
President of North Vietnam from 1945 to 1969, and he was one of the most influential communist leaders. He led a campaign to make Vietnam independent and Vietnam's largest city is currently named after him
Viet Cong
An armed communist political revolutionary organization in South Vietnam that supported the North Vietnamese Army and fought against South Vietnam
Vietnamization
The policy of the Richard Nixon administration to end U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War
17th Parallel
The boundary separating North and South Vietnam following the peace negotiations in Geneva in 1954

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1. The “Berlin Airlift,” lasted for more than a year and carried more than 2.3 million tons of cargo into West Berlin. Instead of retreat, the US and its allies send food and supplies through air
2. In 1961, the German Republic constructed a barbed wire and concrete wall to keep Western “fascists” from entering East Germany
3.  The Iron Curtain is a term describing the political boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 by Churchill
4. a U.S. program providing aid to Western Europe following the devastation of World War II in 1948. It also served to halt the spread of communism

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1. Cause(s) of the event

1. After the end of World War II, Germany was defeated and the land that was conquered had to be temporarily organized before finalizing the division of land.

2. A description of what the event was

1. It was decided during the Potsdam Conference that Germany would be split into 4 zones of occupation.

3. Date(s) of the event

1. 1945-1989

4. Key individuals/groups involved

1. The German land was distributed in the following zones; Great Britain, France, US, and the Soviet Union

5. Was the event a victory for Democracy or Communism?

1. The event was a win for Democracy

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1. Cause(s) of the event

1. Vietnam signs the Geneva Accords and divides into two countries. The North attempted to spread its communist beliefs and start a war with the South

2. A description of what the event was

1. North Vietnam and the Viet Cong fight South Vietnamese troops. Hoping to stop the spread of communism in Southeast Asia, the US supports the southern Vietnamese with military aid and they join the war themselves after the North Vietnamese fired on a US destroyer in the Gulf of Tonkin

3. Date(s) of the event

1.  September 2, 1945 - April 30, 1975

4. Key individuals/groups involved

1. North Vietnam (Viet Cong group), South Vietnam, and the United States (President Harry S. Truman, Lyndon Johnson, Richard Nixon)

5. Was the event a victory for Democracy or Communism?

1. The US withdraw from the war and South Vietnam is overtaken resulting in a victory for Communism

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1. Cause(s) of the event

1. The spread of communism during the Cold War as the North Koreans seeked to exapnd their beliefs

2. A description of what the event was

1. Conflict between the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) and the Republic of Korea (South Korea) and includes the involvemnet of the US. It marked the first time since the end of World War II, US troops go into battle

3. Date(s) of the event

1. June 25, 1950 – July 27, 1953

4. Key individuals/groups involved

1. North Korea, South Korea, United States (Harry S. Truman, General Douglas MacArthur)

5. Was the event a victory for Democracy or Communism?

1. A win for Decmocracy as the North Koreans agreed to  return to their own country

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1. Cause(s) of the event

1. The German people who yearned for freedom

2. A description of what the event was

1. Countries of Eastern Europe created an independent, democratic momentum that led to the collapse of the Berlin Wall with thousands of people marching through and confusing the guards to open the entrance. People celebrated together and tore down the wall with the items they had at hand.

3. Date(s) of the event

1. 1989

4. Key individuals/groups involved

1. Gorbachev and Reagan

5. Was the event a victory for Democracy or Communism?

1. Democracy

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1. Cause(s) of the event

1. Communism grew in Cuba and Fidel Castro came to power.

2. A description of what the event was

1. A confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union over the presence of missile sites in Cuba

3. Date(s) of the event

1. 1962

4. Key individuals/groups involved

1. John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev

5. Was the event a victory for Democracy or Communism?

1. Democracy as Khrushchev orders withdrawal of missiles from Cuba

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1. Cause(s) of the event

1. Differences in thinking between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Kuomintang. The war was a fight for the legitimacy of the government of China.

2. A description of what the event was

1. Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong declared the creation of the People’s Republic of China and sought to gain control over Chiang's government. U.S. supported Chiang as both its former war ally and as the sole option for preventing Communist control of China

3. Date(s) of the event

1. August 1, 1927 – December 7, 1949

4. Key individuals/groups involved

1. Chiang Kai-shek (Kuomingtang), Mao Zedong (Communist Party), and the US (General George Marshall)

5. Was the event a victory for Democracy or Communism?

1. A win for Communism as Mao Zedong's forces would eventually defeat the Nationalists and lead them to retreat to Taiwan

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1. Cause(s) of the event

1. Gorbachev's decision to allow elections with a multi-party system and create a presidency for the Soviet Union began a slow process of democratization

2. A description of what the event was

1. Gorbachev’s economic reforms foundered and his political base crumbled with the positive relations between Gorbachev and Bush

3. Date(s) of the event

1. 1989-1991

4. Key individuals/groups involved

1. Gorbachev (Soviet Union) George H.W. Bush (United States)

5. Was the event a victory for Democracy or Communism?

1. Win for Democracy

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1. Cause(s) of the event

1. The Soviet Union had gained possession of atomic weapons

2. A description of what the event was

1. The Soviet Union exploded an atomic bomb and the arms race began. Both countries continued building more and bigger bombs.

3. Date(s) of the event

1.  August 1945 - November 1990

4. Key individuals/groups involved

1. US and Soviet Union

5. Was the event a victory for Democracy or Communism?

1. Democracy with the creation of the hydrogen bomb