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Pseudoscience Watchlist #1: Deliberately Creates Mystery

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Pseudoscience Watchlist #1: Deliberately Creates Mystery

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Definition: Whatever being presented to you is creating a sense of mystery to keep you intrigued.

Connection: Precognition (predicting the future/ fortune tellers) are an example of pseudoscience that deliberately creates mystery. The fact that they see into the future allows them to take advantage of the fact that it hasn't happened yet, so who is to say it won't. There is no possible evidence to prove whether they are telling the truth or not, so you are just left to wonder if what they said is actually real.

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Pseudoscience Watchlist #2: Convinces by Faith and Belief

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Pseudoscience Watchlist #2: Convinces by Faith and Belief

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Definition: Claims that the evidence is wrong, and relies on spiritual beings and concepts for explanation.

Connection: The idea of the afterlife is something that could be connected to being convinced by faith and belief. Heaven/ hell are greatly relates to faith and belief in many religions. Afterlife may reject true critical thinking because it allows you to believes in something that is unearthly, when something can be hard to explain or there is no evidence.

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Pseudoscience Watchlist #3: Does Not Progress

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Pseudoscience Watchlist #3: Does Not Progress

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Definition: The evidence provided does change or advance in anyway.

Connection: Astrology is something that has not truly progressed throughout time. The idea o astrology has remained the same since the beginning because it is based of planets and stars, and nothing really changes there. As people's behaviour changes, we kind of just say "oh it must be becasue of your star sign" but the star sings haven't changed, the people do. Astrology is used as a reference and we find things within ourselves to try and connect it to.

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Definition: Including the term "all natural" leads you to believe that something is derived right from the Earth, and therefor is completely healthy or you to use.

Connection: Herbal medicines or herbal healing have the words "natural" written all over them to try and entice you to take them. These labels lead you to believe that because the come from "natural source", they are safe or you to take or put on your body. There is no scientific evidence behind this to back up those statements. No evidence is shown to prove that they are completely natural, or to prove that they even work.

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Definition: An idea is believed to be true because it is supported by various celebrities, professional figures or "experts".

Connection: Homeopathy often appeals to authority because it has experts, celebrities and people power endorsing it, despite not having having any evidence. Homeopathy is suggested by people who claim to be "experts" in the field and heavily encourage people to try it.

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Definition: Confirmation Bias is the tendency to look for thing's that relate and support whatever point is being made. This makes you overlook out any outside factors that might disagree with that point.

Connection: ESP (extrasensory perception) relates to confirmation because they provide very vague explanations in hopes of getting "hits", and avoiding "misses". When giving vague statements, you can find yourself reaching for points to try and make that connection (even when there is no real connection. They also try to pick up on anecdotes form your personal life to try and make that connection.

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Definition: Ideological Support is endorsing a et of ideas or beliefs relating to social, political or cultural use.

Connection: The anti-vax movement is overall a pretty harmful stand. This movement stops people from receiving medical help and prevention. Surprisingly, this movement has a lot of ideological support. For example, the Covid-19 vaccine was a massive controversy throughout the entire country. People from every level of society chose a side to stand which created a big debate. Much like homeopathy, there are doctors, scientist and "experts" that support the anti-vax movement despite there being several reputable sources that completely debunk the theories that vaccines are harmful.

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Definition: Overwhelming with unrelated, useless misinformation to try an distract from the original point.

Connection: Flat Earth Society uses red herring often to try and prove their point because none of their claim have demonstrated validity. They throw scientific sounding words at you to make you to distract from the original argument. There are also many barriers to critical thinking that play into the Flat Earth Society. These include, a lack of practice of scientific method, Groupthink, and a distorted view of truth.

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Reason for Belief #1: Emotional Connection

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Reason for Belief #1: Emotional Connection

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Definition: Emotions influence our belies, blur reasoning and obscure rational thought

Connection: Reincarnation means that the social can be brought back through new lie. People can be very emotional connected to reincarnation because it means that a loved on that they lost, may be back to watch over them in real life. There are no studies that support this theory but regardless, people believe it because it's heavily engraved in their religion and they have that emotional connection.

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Reason for Belief #2: Perception and Observation

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Reason for Belief #2: Perception and Observation

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Definition: Observations together wit psychological beliefs inform perceptions and lead to decision making. Perception/ eye witness accounts can be skewed.

Connection: Aliens can be related to perception and observation because a lot of UFO or alien sightings have been from eye witnesses with little to no evidence. Aliens are a very "see it to believe it" concept and can be hard to believe it you haven't personally experienced anything.

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Definition: A simple explanation fro something (the law of large numbers, coincident)

Connection: Crystals can relate to the idea of simplicity. There is no scientific evidence that proves that crystals and stones can alter your behaviour, body or life. The simple answer is that it is often a placebo effect, where your mind believes it its working, so you begin make (subconscious) changes to yourself.

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Definition: When something is unknown or unexplained, we try to look for an explanation ourselves.

Connection: Deja Vu is a psychological phenomenon that is currently unexplained. here many reasons and theories as to why it happens, but there have been no studies to show how it happens. The act that this concept is so unexplained id surprising considering how common Deja Vu is.