# data[].attributes.headline
The instruction set, also called instruction set architecture (ISA), is part of a computer that pertains to programming, which is basically machine language. The instruction set provides commands to the processor, to tell it what it needs to do. The instruction set consists of addressing modes, instructions, native data types, registers, memory architecture, interrupt, and exception handling, and external I/O.An example of an instruction set is the x86 instruction set, which is common to find on computers today. Different computer processors can use almost the same instruction set while still having very different internal design. Both the Intel Pentium and AMD Athlon processors use nearly the same x86 instruction set. An instruction set can be built into the hardware of the processor, or it can be emulated in software, using an interpreter. The hardware design is more efficient and faster for running programs than the emulated software version.Examples of instruction setADD - Add two numbers together.COMPARE - Compare numbers.IN - Input information from a device, e.g. keyboard.JUMP - Jump to designated RAM address.JUMP IF - Conditional statement that jumps to a designated RAM address.LOAD - Load information from RAM to the CPU.OUT - Output information to device, e.g. monitor.STORE - Store information to RAM.

# data[].attributes.subject
The instruction set, also called instruction set architecture (ISA), is part of a computer that pertains to programming, which is basically machine language. The instruction set provides commands to the processor, to tell it what it needs to do. The instruction set consists of addressing modes, instructions, native data types, registers, memory architecture, interrupt, and exception handling, and external I/O.An example of an instruction set is the x86 instruction set, which is common to find on computers today. Different computer processors can use almost the same instruction set while still having very different internal design. Both the Intel Pentium and AMD Athlon processors use nearly the same x86 instruction set. An instruction set can be built into the hardware of the processor, or it can be emulated in software, using an interpreter. The hardware design is more efficient and faster for running programs than the emulated software version.Examples of instruction setADD - Add two numbers together.COMPARE - Compare numbers.IN - Input information from a device, e.g. keyboard.JUMP - Jump to designated RAM address.JUMP IF - Conditional statement that jumps to a designated RAM address.LOAD - Load information from RAM to the CPU.OUT - Output information to device, e.g. monitor.STORE - Store information to RAM.

# data[].attributes.body
The Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) is the part of the processor that is visible to the programmer or compiler writer. The ISA serves as the boundary between software and hardware. We will briefly describe the instruction sets found in many of the microprocessors used today. The ISA of a processor can be described using 5 catagories:

Operand Storage in the CPU

Where are the operands kept other than in memory?

Number of explicit named operands

How many operands are named in a typical instruction.

Operand location

Can any ALU instruction operand be located in memory? Or must all operands be kept internaly in the CPU?

Operations

What operations are provided in the ISA.

Type and size of operands

What is the type and size of each operand and how is it specified?

Of all the above the most distinguishing factor is the first.

The 3 most common types of ISAs are:

1. Stack - The operands are implicitly on top of the stack.

2. Accumulator - One operand is implicitly the accumulator.

3. General Purpose Register (GPR) - All operands are explicitely mentioned, they are either registers or memory locations.

(ASRUL BIN LAMAJID, 2017283476)

# data[].attributes.headline
The Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) is the part of the processor that is visible to the programmer or compiler writer. The ISA serves as the boundary between software and hardware.We will briefly describe the instruction sets found in many of the microprocessors used today. The ISA of a processor can be described using 5 catagories:Operand Storage in the CPU--Where are the operands kept other than in memory?Number of explicit named operands--How many operands are named in a typical instruction.Operand location--Can any ALU instruction operand be located in memory? Or must all operands be kept internaly in the CPU?Operations--What operations are provided in the ISA.Type and size of operands--What is the type and size of each operand and how is it specified?Of all the above the most distinguishing factor is the first.The 3 most common types of ISAs are:Stack - The operands are implicitly on top of the stack.Accumulator - One operand is implicitly the accumulator.General Purpose Register (GPR) - All operands are explicitely mentioned, they are either registers or memory locations.( Brandonn Jasson Lazurus - 2017283522 )

# data[].attributes.subject
The Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) is the part of the processor that is visible to the programmer or compiler writer. The ISA serves as the boundary between software and hardware.We will briefly describe the instruction sets found in many of the microprocessors used today. The ISA of a processor can be described using 5 catagories:Operand Storage in the CPU--Where are the operands kept other than in memory?Number of explicit named operands--How many operands are named in a typical instruction.Operand location--Can any ALU instruction operand be located in memory? Or must all operands be kept internaly in the CPU?Operations--What operations are provided in the ISA.Type and size of operands--What is the type and size of each operand and how is it specified?Of all the above the most distinguishing factor is the first.The 3 most common types of ISAs are:Stack - The operands are implicitly on top of the stack.Accumulator - One operand is implicitly the accumulator.General Purpose Register (GPR) - All operands are explicitely mentioned, they are either registers or memory locations.( Brandonn Jasson Lazurus - 2017283522 )

# data[].attributes.body
An instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model of a computer. It is also referred to as architecture or computer architecture. A realization of an ISA is called an implementation. An ISA permits multiple implementations that may vary in performance, physical size, and monetary cost (among other things); because the ISA serves as the interface between software and hardware. Software that has been written for an ISA can run on different implementations of the same ISA. This has enabled binary compatibilitybetween different generations of computers to be easily achieved, and the development of computer families. Both of these developments have helped to lower the cost of computers and to increase their applicability.

An ISA may be classified in a number of different ways. A common classification is by architectural complexity. A complex instruction set computer (CISC) has many specialized instructions, some of which may only be rarely used in practical programs. A reduced instruction set computer (RISC) simplifies the processor by efficiently implementing only the instructions that are frequently used in programs, while the less common operations are implemented as subroutines, having their resulting additional processor execution time offset by infrequent use.

Instruction types

Data handling and memory operations

Set a register to a fixed constant value.

Copy data from a memory location to a register, or vice versa (a machine instruction is often called move, however the term is misleading). Used to store the contents of a register, result of a computation, or to retrieve stored data to perform a computation on it later. Often called load and store operations.

Read and write data from hardware devices.

Arithmetic and logic operations

Add, subtract, multiply, or divide the values of two registers, placing the result in a register, possibly setting one or more condition codes in a status register.

increment, decrement in some ISAs, saving operand fetch in trivial cases.

Perform bitwise operations, e.g., taking the conjunction and disjunction of corresponding bits in a pair of registers, taking the negation of each bit in a register.

Compare two values in registers (for example, to see if one is less, or if they are equal).

Floating-point instructions for arithmetic on floating-point numbers.

Control flow operations

Branch to another location in the program and execute instructions there.

Conditionally branch to another location if a certain condition holds.

Indirectly branch to another location.

Call another block of code, while saving the location of the next instruction as a point to return to.

Coprocessor instructions

Load/store data to and from a coprocessor, or exchanging with CPU registers.

Perform coprocessor operations.

( MUHAMMAD AQIL BIN NOORSHIRWAN, 2017283384 )

# data[].attributes.headline
What Is Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)?                                                              The instruction set, also called instruction set architecture (ISA), is part of a computer that pertains to programming, which is basically machine language. The instruction set provides commands to the processor, to tell it what it needs to do. The instruction set consists of addressing modes, instructions, native data types, registers, memory architecture, interrupt, and exception handling, and external I/O.                                                      Examples of instruction set.    ADD - Add two numbers together. 	              COMPARE - Compare numbers.	                           IN - Input information from a device, e.g. keyboard. 	JUMP - Jump to designated RAM address.	            JUMP IF - Conditional statement that jumps to a designated RAM address.	LOAD - Load information from RAM to the CPU.                  OUT - Output information to device, e.g. monitor.	   STORE - Store information to RAM.                                                                                         What Makes a Good ISA?           • Programmability                      • Implementability                     • Compatibility                                                                      Two major types of instruction sets:                          •	Complex Instruction Set Computers (CISC)                    A CISC (e.g. Intel) has the following properties:               1.	Memory access is directly available to most types of instruction                 2.	Addressing modes are substantial in number.            3.	Instruction formats are of different lengths.                     4.	Instructions perform both elementary and complex operations.                                  •	Reduced Instruction Set Computers (RISC)                    A RISC (e.g. SPIM, Mythsim) has the following properties: 1.	Memory accesses are restricted to load and store instructions, and data manipulation instructions are register to register.                   2.	Addressing modes are limited in number.                    3.	Instruction formats are all of the same length                  4.	Instructions perform elementary operations.     [WAN MUHAMMAD ASYRAF BIN WAN HASSAN || 2017283526]

# data[].attributes.subject
What Is Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)?                                                              The instruction set, also called instruction set architecture (ISA), is part of a computer that pertains to programming, which is basically machine language. The instruction set provides commands to the processor, to tell it what it needs to do. The instruction set consists of addressing modes, instructions, native data types, registers, memory architecture, interrupt, and exception handling, and external I/O.                                                      Examples of instruction set.    ADD - Add two numbers together. 	              COMPARE - Compare numbers.	                           IN - Input information from a device, e.g. keyboard. 	JUMP - Jump to designated RAM address.	            JUMP IF - Conditional statement that jumps to a designated RAM address.	LOAD - Load information from RAM to the CPU.                  OUT - Output information to device, e.g. monitor.	   STORE - Store information to RAM.                                                                                         What Makes a Good ISA?           • Programmability                      • Implementability                     • Compatibility                                                                      Two major types of instruction sets:                          •	Complex Instruction Set Computers (CISC)                    A CISC (e.g. Intel) has the following properties:               1.	Memory access is directly available to most types of instruction                 2.	Addressing modes are substantial in number.            3.	Instruction formats are of different lengths.                     4.	Instructions perform both elementary and complex operations.                                  •	Reduced Instruction Set Computers (RISC)                    A RISC (e.g. SPIM, Mythsim) has the following properties: 1.	Memory accesses are restricted to load and store instructions, and data manipulation instructions are register to register.                   2.	Addressing modes are limited in number.                    3.	Instruction formats are all of the same length                  4.	Instructions perform elementary operations.     [WAN MUHAMMAD ASYRAF BIN WAN HASSAN || 2017283526]

# data[].attributes.body
SHEEDA ANAK STEPHEN , 2017283444

# data[].attributes.body
An Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) is an abstract model of a computer, that is a part of the processor that is divisible to the programmer or compiler writer. An ISA permits multiple implementations that may vary in perfomance, physical size, and monetary cost because ISA serves as the interface between software and hardware. An ISA defines everything that machine language programmer needs to know in order to program a computer.

Nur Amira Binti Jaafar Nordin
2017283506

# data[].attributes.headline
The instruction set, also called instruction set architecture (ISA), is part of a computer that pertains to programming, which is basically machine language. The instruction set provides commands to the processor, to tell it what it needs to do. The instruction set consists of addressing modes, instructions, native data types, registers, memory architecture, interrupt, and exception handling, and external I/O.An example of an instruction set is the x86 instruction set, which is common to find on computers today. Different computer processors can use almost the same instruction set while still having very different internal design. Both the Intel Pentium and AMD Athlon processors use nearly the same x86 instruction set. An instruction set can be built into the hardware of the processor, or it can be emulated in software, using an interpreter. The hardware design is more efficient and faster for running programs than the emulated software version.Examples of instruction set•	ADD - Add two numbers together.•	COMPARE - Compare numbers.•	IN - Input information from a device, e.g. keyboard.•	JUMP - Jump to designated RAM address.•	JUMP IF - Conditional statement that jumps to a designated RAM address.•	LOAD - Load information from RAM to the CPU.•	OUT - Output information to device, e.g. monitor.•	STORE - Store information to RAM.(Mohammad Zulhisham bin hasni @ mohd zikri 2017283514)

# data[].attributes.subject
The instruction set, also called instruction set architecture (ISA), is part of a computer that pertains to programming, which is basically machine language. The instruction set provides commands to the processor, to tell it what it needs to do. The instruction set consists of addressing modes, instructions, native data types, registers, memory architecture, interrupt, and exception handling, and external I/O.An example of an instruction set is the x86 instruction set, which is common to find on computers today. Different computer processors can use almost the same instruction set while still having very different internal design. Both the Intel Pentium and AMD Athlon processors use nearly the same x86 instruction set. An instruction set can be built into the hardware of the processor, or it can be emulated in software, using an interpreter. The hardware design is more efficient and faster for running programs than the emulated software version.Examples of instruction set•	ADD - Add two numbers together.•	COMPARE - Compare numbers.•	IN - Input information from a device, e.g. keyboard.•	JUMP - Jump to designated RAM address.•	JUMP IF - Conditional statement that jumps to a designated RAM address.•	LOAD - Load information from RAM to the CPU.•	OUT - Output information to device, e.g. monitor.•	STORE - Store information to RAM.(Mohammad Zulhisham bin hasni @ mohd zikri 2017283514)

# data[].attributes.body
An instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model of a computer. It is also referred to as architecture or computer architecture. A realization of an ISA is called an implementation. An ISA permits multiple implementations that may vary in performance, physical size, and monetary cost (among other things); because the ISA serves as the interface between software and hardware. Software that has been written for an ISA can run on different implementations of the same ISA. This has enabled binary compatibility between different generations of computers to be easily achieved, and the development of computer families. Both of these developments have helped to lower the cost of computers and to increase their applicability. For these reasons, the ISA is one of the most important abstractions in computing today.

An ISA defines everything a machine language programmer needs to know in order to program a computer. What an ISA defines differs between ISAs; in general, ISAs define the supported data types, what state there is (such as the main memory and registers) and their semantics (such as the memory consistency and addresing modes), the instruction set (the set of machine instructions that comprises a computer's machine language), and the input/output model.

Examples of instruction set

ADD - Add two numbers together.

COMPARE - Compare numbers.

IN - Input information from a device, e.g. keyboard.

JUMP - Jump to designated RAM address.

JUMP IF - Conditional statement that jumps to a designated RAM address.

LOAD - Load information from RAM to the CPU.

OUT - Output information to device, e.g. monitor.

STORE - Store information to RAM.

Muhamad Faiz Alauddin Bin Mohd Mokhtar
2017283454

# data[].attributes.body
-part of computer architecture related to programming

-include native data type, instruction,registers, addressing modes,memory architecture,interrup& exception handling & external I/O

>example R1,R2…,PC

>example MOV,ADD,INC,AND

-ISA specifies the set of opcodes(machine language), & native commands implemented by a particular processor

WELL KNOWN ISAs

-x86

>based on intel 8086 CPU in 1978

>Intel Family also followed by AMD

>X86-64

= 64-bit extensions

=proposed by AMD also followes by INTEL

-ARM

>32-bit &64-bit

>initially by ACORN RISC Machine

>ARM Holding

-MIPS

>32-bit & 64-bit

>by Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages (MIPS) Technologies

A GOOD ISA

>last through many implementations

---portability,compatibility\

>used in many different ways

---Servers, Desktop, Laptop,Mobile, Tablet

>provides convenient  function to higher layer

>permit efficient implementation at lower layer

NUR AFIFAH MUHAMAD NASIR
2017283442

# data[].attributes.body
NUR ALIAA BINTI NORDIN
2017283496

# data[].attributes.body
§  A well-define hardware and software interface

§  The “contract” between software and hardware

Ø Functional definition of operations, modes and storage locations supported by hardware

Ø Precise description of how to invoke and access them.

§  An ISA is analogous to a human language

Ø Allows communication

·        Language : person to person

·        ISA : hardware to software

Ø Need to speak the same language/ISA

Ø Many common aspects

·        Part of speech: verbs, nouns, etc.

·        Common operations : calculation, control/ branch, memory

Ø Many different languages/ISAs, many similarities

·        Different structure

Ø Both evolve over time

§  Key differences: ISAs must be unambiguous

Ø ISAs are explicitly engineered and extended

( AMMELIA FARISSA BT ABDUL GHAFAR , 2017283544)

# data[].attributes.body
Muhamad Haziq Bin Mohd Adely
2017283532

# data[].attributes.body
The Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) is the part of the processor that is visible to the programmer or compiler writer. The ISA serves as the boundary between software and hardware. We will briefly describe the instruction sets found in many of the microprocessors used today. The ISA of a processor can be described using 5 catagories:

Operand Storage in the CPU

Where are the operands kept other than in memory?

Number of explicit named operands

How many operands are named in a typical instruction.

Operand location

Can any ALU instruction operand be located in memory? Or must all operands be kept internaly in the CPU?

Operations

What operations are provided in the ISA.

Type and size of operands

What is the type and size of each operand and how is it specified?

Of all the above the most distinguishing factor is the first.

The 3 most common types of ISAs are:

1. Stack - The operands are implicitly on top of the stack.

2. Accumulator - One operand is implicitly the accumulator.

3. General Purpose Register (GPR) - All operands are explicitely mentioned, they are either registers or memory locations.

MUHAMAD HAFIZZUDDIN BIN MOHD APIPI
2017283492

# data[].attributes.body
An instruction set is the interface between a computer's software and its hardware, and thereby enables the independent development of these two computing realms. ISA is the set of basic instructions that a processor understands.

ISA includes functional definition of operations, modes, and storage locations supported by hardware and precise description of how to invoke, and access them.

Objective or Purpose of ISA in computer systems

·         Processors do not understand high level languages which are generally used to write programs now-a-days. Tools like compilers convert these programs into low level binary codes or instructions which the processor can understand and execute. These instructions are defined in the ISA.

·         ISA also define items which are available to programs like data types, registers etc. and memory addressing mode.

Thus the objective ISA is to let software to be executed by the hardware. ISA take programs and make them executable by processor by breaking the program into instructions that the processor can execute.

Example of instruction set

ADD - Add two numbers together.

COMPARE - Compare numbers.

IN - Input information from a device, e.g. keyboard.

JUMP - Jump to designated RAM address.

JUMP IF - Conditional statement that jumps to a designated RAM address.

LOAD - Load information from RAM to the CPU.

OUT - Output information to device, e.g. monitor.

STORE - Store information to RAM.

SITI MARIAM BINTI ISA
2017283474

# data[].attributes.body
The instruction set or the instruction set architecture (ISA) is the set of basic instructions that a processor understands. The instruction set is a portion of what makes up an architecture.

Historically, the first two philosophies to instruction sets were: reduced (RISC) and complex (CISC). The merits and argued performance gains by each philosophy are and have been thoroughly debated.

CISC

Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC) is rooted in the history of computing. Originally there were no compilers and programs had to be coded by hand one instruction at a time. To ease programming more and more instructions were added. Many of these instructions are complicated combination instructions such as loops. In general, more complicated or specialized instructions are inefficient in hardware, and in a typically CISC architecture the best performance can be obtained by using only the most simple instructions from the ISA.

The most well known/commoditized CISC ISAs are the Motorola 68k and Intel x86 architectures.

RISC

Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) was realized in the late 1970s by IBM. Researchers discovered that most programs did not take advantage of all the various address modes that could be used with the instructions. By reducing the number of address modes and breaking down multi-cycle instructions into multiple single-cycle instructions several advantages were realized:

compilers were easier to write (easier to optimize)

performance is increased for programs that did simple operations

the clock rate can be increased since the minimum cycle time was determined by the longest running instruction

The most well known/commoditized RISC ISAs are the PowerPC, ARM, MIPS and SPARC architectures.

(NUR AIN ALIFAH BT RAEFIE NEISYAM, 2017283354)

# data[].attributes.body
Definition:The instruction set, also called instruction set architecture (ISA), is part of a computer that pertains to programming, which is basically machine language. The instruction set provides commands to the processor, to tell it what it needs to do. The instruction set consists of addressing modes, instructions, native data types, registers, memory architecture, interrupt, and exception handling, and external I/O.An example of an instruction set is the x86 instruction set, which is common to find on computers today. Different computer processors can use almost the same instruction set while still having very different internal design. Both the Intel Pentium and AMD Athlon processors use nearly the same x86 instruction set. An instruction set can be built into the hardware of the processor, or it can be emulated in software, using an interpreter. The hardware design is more efficient and faster for running programs than the emulated software version.

Example of instruction set:
-ADD - Add two numbers together.
-COMPARE - Compare numbers.
-IN - Input information from a device, e.g. keyboard.
-JUMP - Jump to designated RAM address.
-JUMP IF - Conditional statement that jumps to a designated RAM address.
-LOAD - Load information from RAM to the CPU.
-OUT - Output information to device, e.g. monitor.
-STORE - Store information to RAM.
MUHAMMAD ADAM DANIAL BIN AHMAD JALANI
2017283368

# data[].attributes.body
The instruction set, also called instruction set architecture (ISA), is part of a computer that pertains to programming, which is basically machine language. The instruction set provides commands to the processor, to tell it what it needs to do. The instruction set consists of addressing modes, instructions, native data types, registers, memory architecture, interrupt, and exception handling, and external I/O.

An example of an instruction set is the x86 instruction set, which is common to find on computers today. Different computer processors can use almost the same instruction set while still having very different internal design. Both the Intel Pentium and AMD Athlon processors use nearly the same x86 instruction set. An instruction set can be built into the hardware of the processor, or it can be emulated in software, using an interpreter. The hardware design is more efficient and faster for running programs than the emulated software version.

# data[].attributes.body
An instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model of a computer. It is also referred to as architecture or computer architecture. A realization of an ISA is called an implementation. An ISA permits multiple implementations that may vary in performance, physical size, and monetary cost (among other things); because the ISA serves as the interface between software and hardware. Software that has been written for an ISA can run on different implementations of the same ISA. This has enabled binary compatibility between different generations of computers to be easily achieved, and the development of computer families. Both of these developments have helped to lower the cost of computers and to increase their applicability. For these reasons, the ISA is one of the most important abstractions in computing today.

An ISA defines everything a machine language programmer needs to know in order to program a computer. What an ISA defines differs between ISAs; in general, ISAs define the supported data types, what state there is (such as the main memory and registers) and their semantics (such as the memory consistency and addressing modes), the instruction set (the set of machine instructions that comprises a computer's machine language), and the input/output model.

An example of an instruction set is the x86 instruction set, which is common to find on computers today. Different computer processors can use almost the same instruction set while still having very different internal design. Both the Intel Pentium and AMD Athlon processors use nearly the same x86 instruction set. An instruction set can be built into the hardware of the processor, or it can be emulated in software, using an interpreter. The hardware design is more efficient and faster for running programs than the emulated software version.

EXAMPLES OF INSTRUCTION SET

ADD - Add two numbers together.

COMPARE - Compare numbers.

IN - Input information from a device, e.g. keyboard.

JUMP - Jump to designated RAM address.

JUMP IF - Conditional statement that jumps to a designated RAM address.

LOAD - Load information from RAM to the CPU.

OUT - Output information to device, e.g. monitor.

STORE - Store information to RAM.

MUHAMMAD HASNAN BIN KAMARUDIN
2017283498

# data[].attributes.body
ISA is an abstract model of a computer which can also be referred to as computer architecture. It permits multiple implementations that may vary in performance, physical size, and monetary cost because it serves as an interface between the software and the hardware. The most common example of an instruction set that can be found today is x86 and x64. It includes native data types, registers, instructions, memory architecture, addressing modes, interrupt and exception handling, and external I/O.

(Muhammad azzarul zamier b. Abd aziz,
2017283434, CS2453B)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Interactive lecture at http://test.scalable-learning.com, enrollment key YRLRX-25436. Contents: ISA overview, C program to assembly to instructions, what a processor does: load instruction, decode, read data, compute, next instruction.

# data[].attributes.body
An instruction set architecture is distinguished from a microarchitecture, which is the set of processor design techniques used, in a particular processor, to implement the instruction set. Processors with different microarchitectures can share a common instruction set. For example, the Intel Pentium and the Advanced Micro Devices Athlon implement nearly identical versions of the x86 instruction set, but have radically different internal designs.

(MOHD SYAFIQ BIN RIDZUAN , 2017283142)

# data[].attributes.headline
Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)                                                                                           An instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model of a computer. It is also called as architecture or computer architecture. The instruction set consists of addressing modes, instructions, native data types, registers, memory architecture, interrupt, and exception handling, and external I/O.ISA which is basically of the machine language that only language computer that is capable of understanding. Example of ISA is :o	ADD - Add two numbers together.o	COMPARE - Compare numbers.o	IN - Input information from a device, e.g. keyboard.

# data[].attributes.subject
Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)                                                                                           An instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model of a computer. It is also called as architecture or computer architecture. The instruction set consists of addressing modes, instructions, native data types, registers, memory architecture, interrupt, and exception handling, and external I/O.ISA which is basically of the machine language that only language computer that is capable of understanding. Example of ISA is :o	ADD - Add two numbers together.o	COMPARE - Compare numbers.o	IN - Input information from a device, e.g. keyboard.

# data[].attributes.body
(MOHAMAD FARIS WAFIQ BIN ABDUL AZIZ, 2017283426)

# data[].attributes.body
ISA is a computer architecture. ISA stands for Instruction Set Architecture. It is an abstract model of a computer. ISA also provide an interface between software and hardware and allow multiple implementation (multiprogramming concept). Basically, ISA is a machine language or set of  instruction that provide command to the processor.

(MUHD AKMAL SYAFIQ BIN MUHD HAZMAN, 2017283376)