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Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537, was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court issued in 1896.

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Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.

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a clause exempting certain classes of people or things from the requirements of a piece of legislation affecting their previous rights, privileges, or practices.

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Gerrymandering is a practice intended to establish a political advantage for a particular party or group by manipulating district boundaries. The resulting district is known as a gerrymander, however that word is also a verb for the process.

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To remove the black threat, the General Assembly created an indirect literacy test, called the “Eight Box Law.” The law required a separate box for ballots for each office; a voter had to insert the ballot into the corresponding box or it would not count.

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In United States history, the Redeemers were a political coalition in the Southern United States during the Reconstruction Era that followed the Civil War.

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The Enforcement Act of 1871 (17 Stat. 13), also known as the Civil Rights Act of 1871, Force Act of 1871, Ku Klux Klan Act, Third Enforcement Act, or Third Ku Klux Klan Act, is an Act of the United States Congress which empowered the President to suspend the writ of habeas corpus to combat the Ku Klux

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The Hamburg massacre was a key event in South Carolina during July 1876, leading up to the last election season of the Reconstruction Era.

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Wade Hampton III was a Confederate States of America military officer during the American Civil War and politician from South Carolina.

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The Red Shirts or Redshirts of the Southern United States were white supremacist paramilitary groups

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In the history of the United States, a carpetbagger was any person from the Northern United States who came to the Southern states after the American Civil War and was perceived to be exploiting the local populous for their own purposes.

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A white Southerner who collaborated with northern Republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal profit. The term was used derisively by white Southern Democrats who opposed Reconstruction legislation.

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Sharecropping is a form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land.

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The Ku Klux Klan, commonly called the KKK or simply the Klan, is three distinct movements in the United States that have advocated extremist reactionary positions such as white supremacy

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In the United States, the Black Codes were laws passed by Southern states in 1865 and 1866.

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The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude".

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The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments.

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The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.

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The Radical Republicans were a faction of American politicians within the Republican Party of the United States from around 1854 until the end of Reconstruction in 1877

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The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, usually referred to as simply the Freedmen's Bureau, was an agency of the United States Department of War

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The term Reconstruction Era, in the context of the history of the United States, has two senses: the first covers the complete history of the entire country from 1865 to 1877