# data[].attributes.body
1. HANIF BIN MOHAMAD ZAKIR (D022110232)
2. DASHNE A/P SASHI KUMAR (D022110258)
3.CATHERINE TEH CHER MAYNE (D022110242)
4. DANISH HAIKAL BIN OSMAN (D022110236)
5. CHUA CHEN YI (D022110246)
6. EG CHUN HONG (D022110235)
7. ERIC LIM JUN HONG (D022110239)
8. MUHAMMAD AZFARIEZUWAN BIN JA'AFAR(D022110253)

# data[].attributes.body
ADAM DANIAL BIN DEZMIN NORIS (D022110174)
AMIRUL NAIM BIN MOHD HADZRI(D022110158)
BURHANUDDIN AL HILMI BIN MOHD(D022110209)
SALLEH
CHE KU SHAZWAN BIN CHE KU
MOHD ZAFRI(D022110200)
DURRATUL AIN BINTI OSMAN(D022110199)
ELFYVIERA JUNSIN(D022110177)
KHOR JIA YONG (D022110197)
LIEW CHAP SUM (D022110175)
MOHAMAD ALI AFIQ BIN MAMU(D022110156)
MUHAMAD AIMAN BIN MUSTAFFA(D022110211)

# data[].attributes.body
Members :-
Muhammad Alfian Syah bin Anual Sadat
(D022110040)
Muhamad Izzat Ikhwan bin Maznan
(D022110042)
Muhammad Lokman Hakim Bin Rezuan (D022110048)
Nur Adha Batrisyia Binti Muhammad Zaid
(D022110029)
Muhammad Haziq Bin Che Rosbi (D022110018)

# data[].attributes.body
1. Zickrey Bin Mohamad Fazhil (D022110125)

2. Suganesha Pranavan (D022110023)

3. TanRuiHeng (D022110247)

4. Sharvessh Gopinath(D022110190)

5. Zahid Syauqi Bin Asri(D022110143)

6. Wong Yit Jun (D022110248)

7. Tok Yi Fan (D022110244)

8. Sofea Batrisya Binti Hashim (D022110182)

# data[].attributes.body
The importance of logout / tag-out :
- There are many safety devices that has been installed on certain system . By doing this , it can secure a worker's safety whenever s/he is doing her/his job .
- Having these logout / tag-out program in a system can surely prevent or reduced unwanted casualties to a certain person due to unintended release of hazardous energy .
(Alfian)

Benefits of Lockout Tagout:
1. Protects the workers from the risk of hazards and accidents:
Accidents tend to occur when Lockout Tagout is not taken seriously. Lockout Tagout acts as life saving devices, which when used properly, following the given LOT procedures, protects the employees from the release of hazardous energies during servicing or maintenance of machines or equipment.
2. Protects the equipment, machine and workplace from damage and reduces downtime:
It is very important to make sure that we are living in a safe and accident free workplace and this can only be done if we follow Lockout Tagout procedures carefully. It reduces incidences and increases safety of machines, equipment and workplaces.
3.It builds trust and a sense of confidence in the employees:
When employees work in a risk- free environment, they feel empowered. LOTO enables every employee to reach home safely, work with confidence and a sense of security.
4.Type of hazardous material
i).Compresses gasses
liquefied gasses -oxidicus ammonia
ii)Non liquefied- oxygen,nitroge
iii)Dissolve gasses-acythylene

Flammable liquid- subtance from chemical can produce fires on the air
Routes of entry - inhalation(breath),ingestion (like eating some food),absorption(effect to your skin because have the sweat holes,injection(direct or indirect for example the corona virus disease)

# data[].attributes.body
Worn, frayed, or damaged insulation around any wire or other conductor is an electrical hazard because the conductors could be exposed. Contact with an exposed wire could cause a shock. Damaged insulation could cause a short, leading to arcing or a fire.

# data[].attributes.body
Live parts of electric equipment operating at 50 Volts or more must be guarded against accidental contact. Plexiglas shields may be used to protect against exposed live parts

# data[].attributes.body
Circuit protection devices are designed to automatically limit or shut off the flow of electricity in the event of a ground-fault, overload or short circuit in the wiring system. Fuses and circuit breakers prevent over-heating of wires and components that might otherwise create fire hazards. They disconnect the circuit when it becomes overloaded. This overload protection is very useful for equipment that is left on for extended periods of time, such as stirrers, vacuum pumps, drying ovens, and other electrical equipment.

The ground-fault circuit interrupter, or GFCI, is designed to shut-off electric power if a ground fault is detected, protecting the user from a potential electrical shock. The GFCI is particularly useful near sinks and wet locations. Since GFCIs can cause equipment to shut down unexpectedly, they may not be appropriate for certain apparatus. Portable GFCI adapters (available in most safety supply catalogs) may be used with a non-GFCI outlet.

# data[].attributes.body
Here are the some of the protection devices of the circuit.

Fuse.

Circuit Breaker.

PolySwitch.

RCCB.

Metal Oxide Varistor.

Inrush Current Limiter.

Gas Discharge Tube.

Lighting Arrester.

# data[].attributes.body
1.Muhammad ir'fanur Rahman bin Mohd Supian
2.Azril Aiman bin Azhar D022110145
3. Andika Adri bin Abd Hamid (D022110137)
4.Mohammad Nur Raffiq Bin Mohd Rahim (D022110111)

# data[].attributes.headline
Electrical personal protective equipment (PPE)

# data[].attributes.subject
Electrical personal protective equipment (PPE)

# data[].attributes.body
-Electrical Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is very important to ensure that electrical workers are protected from electrical hazards while working with electrical appliances. Employees working with electrical appliances should be supplied with the appropriate electrical PPE. This electrical personal protective equipment can reduce employee at the workplace   while performing electrical-related hazardous work, including electrical shocks and burns, arson of arc lightning, effects of arc explosions, and other potential electrical safety hazards

# data[].attributes.body
1. NUR SYARAH ALIAH BINTI JOHARI KAMAL (D022110091)
2.NUR ATHIRAH BINTI ELIAD (D022110083)
3.NUR AQILAH MAISARAH BINTI AZLAN (D022110119)
4.WEE SHI SHUANG (D022110122)
5. NURUL NAFISA BINTI NASIHIN (D022110085)

# data[].attributes.body
8 Maintenance Tips for Long-Lasting Power Tools

1. Cool Down Heated Tools

2. Lubricate

3. Sharpen Bits and Blades

4. Clean Regularly

5. Calibration

6. Tool Storage

7. Replace Worn Parts

8. Battery Care

All tools, equipment, and vehicles must be properly maintained so that workers are not endangered. Construction regulations require inspections of vehicles, tools, machines, and equipment before use.

Preventive maintenance is the systematic care and protection of tools, equipment, machines, and vehicles in order to keep them in a safe, usable condition, that limits downtime and extends productivity. We must always be aware that maintenance tasks themselves are potentially hazardous and can result in injury.

Types of health hazards associated with hazardous materials:
1. Acute/chronic toxicity
2. Skin corrosion or irritation
3.  Aspiration hazard
4.  Serious eye damage or eye irritation
5. Respiratory or skin sensitization
6.  Germ cell mutagenicity
7.  Carcinogenicity
8.  Reproductive toxicity
9.  Specific target organ toxicity

What is the maintenance of tools?

Preventive maintenance is the systematic care and protection of tools, equipment, machines, and vehicles in order to keep them in a safe, usable condition, that limits downtime and extends productivity

What are the electrical safety precautions?

How Do You Work Safely?

Plan your work and plan for safety.

Avoid wet working conditions and other dangers.

Avoid overhead powerlines.

Use proper wiring and connectors.

Use and maintain tools properly.

Wear correct PPE.

# data[].attributes.body
10 ELECTRICAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR THE WORKPLACE:
01. PREVENT ALL POTENTIAL CONTACT WITH LIVE ELECTRICAL CURRENT
The best way to stay safe is to stay away from electrical hazards. Unqualified personnel should not interact or come close to electrical currents greater than 50V. If you must work in the same area or room as an electrical hazard or equipment operating on more than 50V, maintain a safe distance. All panel doors should be shut, and there should be no exposed wires around your work area before you begin your operations.

02. DE-ENERGIZE EQUIPMENT AND USE LOCKOUT/TAGOUT
Exposed, live electrical parts must be de-energized before work on or near them is permitted. Prevent accidents and isolate electrical energy by locking and tagging out the electrical system or parts of the system according to your company’s Lockout/Tagout policy. Lockout/Tagout exists to protect employees from electrical hazards while performing servicing and maintenance activities.

03. ENSURE SAFE USE OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
Properly using all electrical equipment can go a long way to ensure everyone’s safety in the workplace.

Employees should take care to handle electrical cords properly:

Always unplug cords by pulling on the plug head, rather than the cord
Don’t press or overstretch electrical cords
Don’t fasten cords with staples
Don’t hang electrical equipment from cords
Additionally, all cords and plugs in the workplace should be visually inspected for external defects prior to use. If you encounter a cord or plug with damage, do not use that equipment.

04. INSTALL PROPER PHYSICAL BARRIERS AROUND ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
Physical barriers should always be used to protect employees from any electrical hazards. Cabinet doors on electrical panels should always be closed, and panels should not have holes where an employee could come into contact with exposed wires.

If cabinets cannot be closed, or if an electrical hazard cannot be fully closed in, shields, barriers, or insulating materials should be used.

For example, if a qualified electrician is performing maintenance on an electrical panel and must keep the panel open, physical barriers should be put in place to prevent others from entering the area. Signs should be placed to warn employees of the hazard, and the area in front of the electrical panel should be kept free of any obstructions.
05. BEWARE OF CONDUCTIVE TOOLS AND CLEANING MATERIALS
If you are working in an area where an electrical hazard is present, always assume that electrical parts are live, and act accordingly. Do not use conductive tools in the area.

If you are cleaning the area, note that some cleaning materials are conductive as well and require additional caution. Solvent and water-based cleaning materials are electrically conductive, as are steel wool and metalized cloth. Keep these cleaning products, as well as any conductive tools, away from live electrical parts and equipment.

06. WHEN WORKING OVERHEAD, LOOK ABOVE FOR ELECTRICAL LINES
When performing any work or maintenance overhead, beware of electrical lines. In most workplaces, there is the potential for live electrical equipment and parts above the floor level, which are only accessible with ladders or elevated platforms. Be sure to use a portable ladder with non-conductive side rails, and stay at least 10 feet away from any exposed electrical lines while you are performing overhead work.

07. USE EXTREME CAUTION WITH FLAMMABLE MATERIALS
Electrical equipment that can cause ignition must not be used where flammable vapors, gases, or dust are present. The only exception to this rule is when qualified personnel take measures to lockout and isolate electrical energy sources before these potentially flammable materials may be used or the electrical equipment is designed for use under these types of conditions.

08. ONLY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL SHOULD WORK ON LIVE ELECTRICAL WIRES
If you encounter a live electrical wire, stay away. Only qualified personnel with the proper training should work on live electrical wires. The same electrical safety precaution applies to hazardous electrical equipment. Any live electrical hazard should only be approached and managed by qualified personnel. If you see a live electrical wire that is not attended, you should notify the appropriate electrical safety personnel, who should immediately place physical safety barriers.

09. ALWAYS FOLLOW YOUR COMPANY’S ELECTRICAL SAFETY WORK PRACTICES
Every company has unique electrical safety work practices depending on the electrical equipment and hazards present in your industry and workplace. It is important to always follow your company’s specific electrical safety work practices to keep yourself, and other employees safe.

10. ELECTRICAL SHOCK CAN BE DEADLY
In every situation, treat an electrical part as if it is live. Electrically live parts do not look different from de-energized parts. To ensure safety, it’s best to assume that any electrical part is live. Take precautions to keep power on its path, and protect yourself. You can’t be too careful when it comes to electricity.

Electricity is a common, but dangerous, workplace hazard. Only those who are qualified to work with electrical components should do so. Otherwise, it is always in your best interest to keep away from live electrical currents. If your team is looking for electrical safety training for the workplace, the eSafety Electrical Safety course offers a great overview of basic electrical safety for individuals with limited electrical training.

Types of Workplace Electrical Injuries
The four types of injuries that can occur due to electricity are:
·Electric shock
·Burns
·Falls
·Electrocution

How Injuries Can Happen
·Direct contact with exposed electrical circuits or energized conductors.
·Electricity arcs (due to exposed energized conductors or circuit) circulating in the air can pass through a person who is grounded.
I·f the skin gets in touch with the heat generated from electric arcs, it burns the internal tissues.
·The light emitted from an electric arc flash (UV and IR) can cause damage to the eyes.
·When the potential pressure is released from an arc flash, there is an arc blast, which can collapse your lungs, cause physical injuries, or create noise that can damage hearing.

Common Electrical Hazards
·Most injuries are a result of the following:
·Poorly installed, faulty and/or ill-maintained electrical equipment.
·Faulty wiring.
·Overloaded or overheated outlets.
·Use of flexible leads and extension cables.
·Incorrect use of replacement fuses.
·Use of electrical equipment with wet hands or near the source of water.

Tips to Prevent Workplace Electrical Incidents
·Unplug or switch off electrical appliances when not in use or while cleaning, repairing or servicing.
·Ensure that all electrical appliances are turned off at the end of the day.
·Don’t forcefully plug into an outlet if it doesn’t fit.
·Refrain from running electrical cords across doorways, under the carpets, or in areas that witness regular activities.
·Maintain a clearance of at least 3 feet from all electrical panels.
·Use only equipment that is double-insulated and properly grounded.
·Don’t overload the outlets.
·Ensure that two extension cords are not plugged together.
·Only use electrical equipment that is approved by a national testing laboratory. Buy electrical equipment from trusted electrical liquidators who sell good quality electrical surplus materials.
·Pay attention to the warning signs. Equipment may heat up, spark, smoke or make weird noise; Identify the signs and immediately take it out of service.
·Regularly check for defects in cords and equipment. Report immediately if any.
·Place a cover or guard to exposed electrical components or wires.
·While unplugging, grip the plug and pull. Don’t pull the cord from a distance.
·Do not use electrical equipment or appliances with wet hands or near water and wet surfaces.
·Clearly identify potential electrical hazards, such as electrical panels, with appropriate safety signs.
·Proper employee training plays a crucial role in avoiding electrical injuries at work. Fortunately, most of the electrical hazards can be easily prevented and controlled with a little caution and regular checks.

Examples of electrical hazard risks:

Electric shock and burns from live wire contact
Fires from faulty wiring
Overloading circuits
Leaving electrical parts exposed
Electrocution or burns from lack of PPE
Explosions and fires from explosive and flammable substances.
Contact with overhead power lines
Electrical exposure to water

Preventative steps:
-Inspect wiring of equipment before each use. Replace damaged or frayed electrical cords immediately.
Use safe work practices every time electrical equipment is used.
-Know the location and how to operate shut-off switches and/or circuit breaker panels. Use these devices to shut off equipment in the event of a fire or electrocution.
-Limit the use of extension cords. Use only for temporary operations and then only for short periods of time. In all other cases, request installation of a new electrical outlet.
-Multi-plug adapters must have circuit breakers or fuses.
Place exposed electrical conductors (such as those sometimes used with electrophoresis devices) behind shields.
-Minimize the potential for water or chemical spills on or near electrical equipment.

# data[].attributes.body
MUHAMMAD YADZLIMAN AZRAF BIN JUMAAT (D022110169)
MUHAMAD AMIR MUQRI BIN ABDUL MALIK
(D022110196)
NUR ELLY SYAFFIRA HANIS YUSAINIR
(D022110187)
MUHAMMAD FARISH HAIKAL BIN ZULKIFLI
(D022110148)
MUHAMMAD AZIM BIN AB RAHMAN
(D022110160)
MUHAMMAD AFIQ ADLI BIN MOHD NAZRUL
(D022110205)
PUTERA HAZIM BIN AHMAD AMMEDZA
(D022110185)
MUHAMMAD ARIF HAIKAL BIN MOHD SYUKOR
D022110163

# data[].attributes.headline
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHEN WORKING WITH ELECTRICITY

# data[].attributes.subject
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHEN WORKING WITH ELECTRICITY

# data[].attributes.body
It’s vitally important to take safety precautions when working with electricity. Safety must not be compromised and some ground rules need to be followed first. The basic guidelines regarding the safe handling of electricity documented below will help you while working with electricity.

1. Avoid water at all times when working with electricity. Never touch or try repairing any electrical equipment or circuits with wet hands. It increases the conductivity of the electric current.

2. Never use equipment with frayed cords, damaged insulation or broken plugs.

3. If you are working on any receptacle at your home then always turn off the mains. It is also a good idea to put up a sign on the service panel so that nobody turns the main switch ON by accident.

4. Always use insulated tools while working.

5. Electrical hazards include exposed energized parts and unguarded electrical equipment which may become energized unexpectedly. Such equipment always carries warning signs like “Shock Risk”. Always be observant of such signs and follow the safety rules established by the electrical code followed by the country you’re in.

6. Always use appropriate insulated rubber gloves and goggles while working on any branch circuit or any other electrical circuit.

7. Never try repairing energized equipment. Always check that it is de-energized first by using a tester. When an electric tester touches a live or hot wire, the bulb inside the tester lights up showing that an electrical current is flowing through the respective wire. Check all the wires, the outer metallic covering of the service panel and any other hanging wires with an electrical tester before proceeding with your work.

8. Never use an aluminum or steel ladder if you are working on any receptacle at height in your home. An electrical surge will ground you and the whole electric current will pass through your body. Use a bamboo, wooden or a fiberglass ladder instead.

9. Know the wire code of your country.

10. Always check all your GFCI’s once a month. A GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) is a RCD (Residual Current Device). They have become very common in modern homes, especially damp areas like the bathroom and kitchen, as they help avoid electrical shock hazards. It is designed to disconnect quickly enough to avoid any injury caused by over current or short circuit faults.

# data[].attributes.body
G1/2- Safe work practices in electrical field,

Safe work practices prevent injuries.

For accidents to occur, hazardous conditions and unsafe behaviors must somehow interact. A safe work environment is not enough to control all electrical hazards. You must also work safely. Safe work practices help you control your risk of injury or death from workplace hazards. If you are working on electrical circuits or with electrical tools and equipment, you need to use safe work practices.

Before you begin a task, ask yourself:

What could go wrong?

Do I have the knowledge, tools, and experience to do this work safely?

All workers should be very familiar with the safety procedures for their jobs. You must know how to use specific controls that help keep you safe. You must also use common sense good sense.

Note: So, why did we strike through "common sense" above? That's because there's no such thing as common sense! We harp on this all the time. You've got to use good sense, and in order to do that, you need to be educated, trained, and experience. There is no way to get around it. Do not assume anyone has common sense: That will get you in trouble and possibly hurt.

Control electrical hazards through safe work practices.

Plan your work and plan for safety.

Avoid wet working conditions and other dangers.

Avoid overhead powerlines.

Use proper wiring and connectors.

Use and maintain tools properly.

Wear correct PPE.

# data[].attributes.body
Many steps can be taken in the effort of controlling physical hazards. From least to most effective is PPE, Administrative controls, Engineering controls, Substitution and Elimination.

The least effective step that can be takin in controlling physical hazards are using PPE or Personal Protective Equipment. These equipment includes the use of gloves, Nomex clothing, Tyvek suits, respirators, hats, safety glasses, high-visibilty clothing and safety footwear. PPE is considered as the least effective method in controlling physical hazards are because of the high potential for damage that can render the use of PPE ineffective and may pose health risks in other ways.

Other than that is administrative controls which means to change the way that people work. These effort includes employee training, installation of signs and warning labels, and the endorsement of procedure changes. These does not physically remove hazards but limits and prevents the exposure of hazards to people.

Next, engineering controls are the application of engineering methods the decrease the chances of injuries occurring. For example, the application of "Enclosure and isolation" can create a physical barrier that protects the personnel from hazards such as using a remote controlled equipment which eliminates the need for a physical person the be close to the hazards.

After that,  substitution are the act of replacing hazards with something that of hazardless or pose a lesser threat of hazard to people. For example, using titanium white paint in place of lead-based paints which produces lesser hazards.

Last but not least, is elimination which physically remove hazards and is the most effective of hazard controls. For example, this can be done by removing hazards from place which are more prone to cause accidents to a safer place such as eliminating the need to work at high place by doing the work at ground level and using machines to place the work at high places.

# data[].attributes.headline
10 ELECTRICAL SAFETY TIPS FOR THE WORKPLACE

# data[].attributes.subject
10 ELECTRICAL SAFETY TIPS FOR THE WORKPLACE

# data[].attributes.body
1. LIM FANG QUAM-D022110073

TIPS FOR THE WORKPLACE

After discussing among our group members , we came out with several conclusion which shown as below;

Today, any office or workplace setting operates on electricity. Electrical equipment, from computers to machinery can all be potentially hazardous and can cause shock and burn injuries if improperly used or maintained. Though most general personnel don’t need specialized electrical safety training, if you work around electricity, but are not qualified to directly handle electrical components, it’s important to follow electrical safety-related work practices to keep yourself and others safe. Here are 10 electrical safety tips for the workplace to help you avoid electrical hazards:

01. PREVENT ALL POTENTIAL CONTACT WITH LIVE ELECTRICAL CURRENT

The best way to stay safe is to stay away from electrical hazards. Unqualified personnel should not interact or come close to electrical currents greater than 50V. If you must work in the same area or room as an electrical hazard or equipment operating on more than 50V, maintain a safe distance. All panel doors should be shut, and there should be no exposed wires around your work area before you begin your operations.

02. DE-ENERGIZE EQUIPMENT AND USE LOCKOUT/TAGOUT

Exposed, live electrical parts must be de-energized before work on or near them is permitted. Prevent accidents and isolate electrical energy by locking and tagging out the electrical system or parts of the system according to your company’s Lockout/Tagout policy.

Lockout/Tagout exists to protect employees from electrical hazards while performing servicing and maintenance activities. Learn more in our article: What is Lockout/Tagout?

For more in-depth information about implementing proper Lockout/Tagout procedures in your facility, you may be interested in eSafety’s Lockout/Tagout course.

03. ENSURE SAFE USE OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

Properly using all electrical equipment can go a long way to ensure everyone’s safety in the workplace.

Employees should take care to handle electrical cords properly:

Always unplug cords by pulling on the plug head, rather than the cord

Don’t press or overstretch electrical cords

Don’t fasten cords with staples

Don’t hang electrical equipment from cords

Additionally, all cords and plugs in the workplace should be visually inspected for external defects prior to use. If you encounter a cord or plug with damage, do not use that equipment.

04. INSTALL PROPER PHYSICAL BARRIERS AROUND ELECTRICAL HAZARDS

Physical barriers should always be used to protect employees from any electrical hazards. Cabinet doors on electrical panels should always be closed, and panels should not have holes where an employee could come into contact with exposed wires.

If cabinets cannot be closed, or if an electrical hazard cannot be fully closed in, shields, barriers, or insulating materials should be used.

For example, if a qualified electrician is performing maintenance on an electrical panel and must keep the panel open, physical barriers should be put in place to prevent others from entering the area. Signs should be placed to warn employees of the hazard, and the area in front of the electrical panel should be kept free of any obstructions.

05. BEWARE OF CONDUCTIVE TOOLS AND CLEANING MATERIALS

If you are working in an area where an electrical hazard is present, always assume that electrical parts are live, and act accordingly. Do not use conductive tools in the area.

If you are cleaning the area, note that some cleaning materials are conductive as well and require additional caution. Solvent and water-based cleaning materials are electrically conductive, as are steel wool and metalized cloth. Keep these cleaning products, as well as any conductive tools, away from live electrical parts and equipment.

06. WHEN WORKING OVERHEAD, LOOK ABOVE FOR ELECTRICAL LINES

When performing any work or maintenance overhead, beware of electrical lines. In most workplaces, there is the potential for live electrical equipment and parts above the floor level, which are only accessible with ladders or elevated platforms. Be sure to use a portable ladder with non-conductive side rails, and stay at least 10 feet away from any exposed electrical lines while you are performing overhead work.

07. USE EXTREME CAUTION WITH FLAMMABLE MATERIALS

Electrical equipment that can cause ignition must not be used where flammable vapors, gases, or dust are present. The only exception to this rule is when qualified personnel take measures to lockout and isolate electrical energy sources before these potentially flammable materials may be used or the electrical equipment is designed for use under these types of conditions.

08. ONLY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL SHOULD WORK ON LIVE ELECTRICAL WIRES

If you encounter a live electrical wire, stay away. Only qualified personnel with the proper training should work on live electrical wires. The same electrical safety precaution applies to hazardous electrical equipment. Any live electrical hazard should only be approached and managed by qualified personnel. If you see a live electrical wire that is not attended, you should notify the appropriate electrical safety personnel, who should immediately place physical safety barriers.

09. ALWAYS FOLLOW YOUR COMPANY’S ELECTRICAL SAFETY WORK PRACTICES

Every company has unique electrical safety work practices depending on the electrical equipment and hazards present in your industry and workplace. It is important to always follow your company’s specific electrical safety work practices to keep yourself, and other employees safe.

10. ELECTRICAL SHOCK CAN BE DEADLY

In every situation, treat an electrical part as if it is live. Electrically live parts do not look different from de-energized parts. To ensure safety, it’s best to assume that any electrical part is live. Take precautions to keep power on its path, and protect yourself. You can’t be too careful when it comes to electricity.

Electricity is a common, but dangerous, workplace hazard. Only those who are qualified to work with electrical components should do so. Otherwise, it is always in your best interest to keep away from live electrical currents. If your team is looking for electrical safety training for the workplace, the eSafety Electrical Safety course offers a great overview of basic electrical safety for individuals with limited electrical training.

# data[].attributes.body
1. MUHAMMAD FITRI  AKMAL BIN MOHAMMAD AZHAR   (D022110225)
2.PUNG KIAN ENN   (D022110233)
3.MUHAMMAD NOR FITRI BASIRON   (D022110234)
4. SITI NUR INSYIRRAH 'AISYAH BINTI MOHD JAZLY   (D022110217)
5. RAJALAXMI A/P KUMARAN   (D022110245)
6.NG JIE YING   (D022110249)
7. NUR KHAIRUL ANAM BIN KAMARUDDIN   (D022110227)
8. NUR HANA ERICA BINTI ABDUL MUIZZ DANIELS   (D022110256)

# data[].attributes.body
Workers who are exposed to handling and maintaining electrically powered equipment should practise electrical safety as a general rule. It's a series of procedures they follow to lessen electrical dangers and avert dangerous consequences in the event of a power outage. Failure to follow electrical safety procedures can result in accidents, near-misses, or even fatalities.

Electrical safety basics

Don't work with exposed conductors carrying 50 volts or more.

Make sure electrical equipment is properly connected, grounded and in good working order.

Extension cords may not be used as permanent wiring and should be removed after temporary use for an activity or event.

Surge suppressors with built-in circuit breakers may be used long-term and are available with three, six and 15 foot-long cords.

High amperage equipment such as space heaters, portable air conditioners and other equipment must be plugged directly into permanent wall receptacles.

Do not access, use or alter any building’s electrical service, including circuit breaker panels, unless you are specifically qualified and authorized to do so.

Wet environments can increase the risk of an electrical shock.

What you can do to stay safe

Avoid activities that require training

Working with exposed conductors carrying 50 volts or more

Making repairs or alterations to any electrical equipment

Opening up the case, or removing barrier guards, of any equipment that utilizes electricity

Using any tools or a meter to measure for the presence of electricity

Reseting a tripped circuit breaker, or replace a blown fuse

Ask a qualified person to perform these tasks.

Grounding

To prevent electrical hazards, always make sure equipment is properly grounded. Electrical grounding provides an alternate path for electricity to follow, rather than going through a person. Equipment with a grounding prong must be plugged into an extension cord with a ground; the grounding plug should not be removed from the equipment.

Wet locations

When using electricity in a wet or damp location, including outdoor locations, a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) must be used. The GFCI ensures that any electrical shock is brief. Although painful, it wouldn’t be fatal because the GFCI creates a ground fault or leak in the current.

Lockout/Tagout

When servicing and maintenance tasks involve electricity and electrical equipment, you must prevent the unexpected startup of equipment.

Electrical Safety Rules

1. Keep water and other liquids away from electrical equipment and sources of electricity.

2. Pull the plug, not the electrical cord, when disconnecting electrical equipment from the outlet.

3. Keep electrical cords out of the way (and out of reach of pets that can chew on them). Untidy cords that are all over the place can also become trip hazards.

4. Avoid using one outlet or extension cord to power multiple equipment as this can overheat and cause fire.

5. Do not pour water on an electrical fire. Fire extinguishers with class C label can be used for electrical fires.

# data[].attributes.headline
Effects of an electric shock on the human body

# data[].attributes.subject
Effects of an electric shock on the human body

# data[].attributes.body
The human body is a good conductor of electricity. This means an electric current can easily travel through it. When current travels through someone’s body accidentally, this is known as an electric shock or eletrocution.

-  can cause muscle spasms

-  can cause cardiac arrest

- can cause burns to tissues and organs

- can affect the nervous system

- can have other unexpected consequences

# data[].attributes.body
Types of physical hazards associated with hazardous materials:
• Oxidizer
• Flammable
• Explosion
• Corrosive to metal
• High-pressure systems

# data[].attributes.headline
Define, describe and explain the electricity

# data[].attributes.subject
Define, describe and explain the electricity

# data[].attributes.body
Electricity, phenomenon associated with stationary or moving electric charges. Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter and is borne by elementary particles. ... Thus, the various manifestations of electricity are the result of the accumulation or motion of numbers of electrons.

# data[].attributes.body
1)Grounding:
- Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100 °F (37.8 °C), shall not be dispensed into containers unless the nozzle and container are electrically interconnected
-inspect wiring of equipment before each use. Replace damaged or frayed electrical cords immediately.
2) Explosion-proof apparatus:
- Apparatus enclosed in a case that is capable of withstanding an explosion of a specified gas or vapor that may occur within it and of preventing the ignition of a specified gas or vapor surrounding the enclosure by sparks, flashes or explosion of the gas or vapor within, and that operates at such an external temperature that it will not ignite a surrounding flammable atmosphere.

# data[].attributes.body
According to the Wikipedia, Lock out, tag out (LOTO) is a safety procedure used in industry and research settings to ensure that dangerous machines are properly shut off and not able to be started up again prior to the completion of maintenance or repair work. It requires that hazardous energy sources be "isolated and rendered inoperative" before work is started on the equipment in question. The isolated power sources are then locked and a tag is placed on the lock identifying the worker who placed it. The worker then holds the key for the lock, ensuring that only he or she can remove the lock and start the machine. This prevents accidental startup of a machine while it is in a hazardous state or while a worker is in direct contact with it.

Lockout–tagout is used across industries as a safe method of working on hazardous equipment and is mandated by law in some countries.

Disconnecting or making safe the equipment involves the removal of all energy sources and is known as isolation. The steps necessary to isolate equipment are often documented in an isolation procedure or a lockout tagout procedure. The isolation procedure generally includes the following tasks:

1. Announce shut off

2. Identify the energy sources

3. Isolate the energy sources

4. Lock and tag the energy sources

5. Prove that the equipment isolation is effective

The locking and tagging of the isolation point lets others know not to de-isolate the device. To emphasize the last step above in addition to the others, the entire process can be referred to as lock, tag, and try (that is, trying to turn on the isolated equipment to confirm it has been de-energized and cannot operate).

The National Electric Code states that a safety/service disconnect must be installed within sight of serviceable equipment. The safety disconnect ensures the equipment can be isolated and there is less chance of someone turning the power back on if they can see the work going on. These safety disconnects usually have multiple places for locks so more than one person can work on equipment safely.

In industrial processes it can be difficult to establish where the appropriate danger sources might be. For example, a food processing plant may have input and output tanks and high-temperature cleaning systems connected, but not in the same room or area of the factory. It would not be unusual to have to visit several areas of the factory in order to effectively isolate a device for service (the device itself for power, upstream material feeders, downstream feeders and control room).

Safety equipment manufacturers provide a range of isolation devices specifically designed to fit various switches, valves and effectors. For example, most circuit breakers have a provision to have a small padlock attached to prevent their activation. For other devices such as ball or gate valves, plastic pieces which either fit against the pipe and prevent movement, or clamshell-style objects which completely surround the valve and prevent its manipulation are used.

A common feature of these devices is their bright color, usually red, to increase visibility and allow workers to readily see if a device is isolated. Also, the devices are usually of such a design and construction to prevent it being removed with any moderate force – for example, an isolation device does not have to resist a chainsaw, but if an operator forcibly removes it, it will be immediately visible that it has been tampered with.

To protect one or more circuit breakers in an electrical panel, a lockout–tagout device called the Panel Lockout can be used. It keeps the panel door locked and prevents the panel cover from being removed. The circuit breakers remain in the off position while electrical work is done.

# data[].attributes.headline
Electrical personal protective equipment and tool maintenance

# data[].attributes.subject
Electrical personal protective equipment and tool maintenance

# data[].attributes.body
What are PPE requirements?

A hazard assessment not only tells you what PPE is required for the jobsite, but it is also the first step toward developing a safety program. It should serve as your foundation for creating a safe work environment. You need to identify the potential hazards in the workplace, both physical and health related.

Potential health hazards are things like exposure to harmful dust, chemicals or radiation. Physical hazards can include a broad variety of workplace areas including, but not limited to:

Moving objects

Sharp edges

Potential for falling objects

Electrical connections

Extreme temperatures

As you conduct a walkthrough of the jobsite, you’ll want to document every possible hazard. The information can be organized later, and the proper PPE determined to protect employees from each hazard. The jobsite should also be periodically reassessed to ensure any changes are considered, and the PPE levels set are enough.

Electrical (PPE). This electrical personal protective equipment procedure provides guidelines for determining when electrical PPE is required and how to select, use and maintain electrical PPE. This procedure describes electrical hazards, including electrical shock and burns, arc flash burns, arc-blast impacts, and other potential electrical safety hazards. PPE refers to items typically worn by a worker to provide protection from recognized hazards. Depending on the job task to be performed, PPE for the electric power industry generally includes

Rubber insulating gloves and leather protectors to protect the hands and arms

Rubber insulating sleeves to protect the arms and shoulders

Flame-resistant (FR) clothing to protect the body against arc flash

Hoods to protect the head against arc flash

Hard hats to protect the head from electrical shorts, and striking or being struck by objects

Safety glasses and shields to protect the face against flying objects and arc flash

Safety shoes and overshoes to protect the feet and worker from being grounded

Insulating Protective Equipment (IPE). Rubber and hardcover insulating protective equipment (IPE) is used to provide workers protection Workman in aerial bucket using IPE from contacting energized conductors, but unlike PPE it is not worn on the body. Insulating Protective Equipment (IPE) includes items such as:

Insulating (rubber) line hose, blankets, and hoods.

Insulating barriers made of fiberglass or phenolic resin.

Live-line tools such as hotsticks, switchsticks, and shotgun sticks.

Plastic or fiberglass line hoods and covers that can be installed with live-line tools.

# data[].attributes.headline
Explain the electrical precautions and electrical safety.

# data[].attributes.subject
Explain the electrical precautions and electrical safety.

# data[].attributes.body
Some of the electrical precautions and safety are :-

-Avoid water at all times when working with electricity. Never touch or try repairing any electrical equipment or circuits with wet hands. It increases the conductivity of the electric current.
-Never use equipment with frayed cords, damaged insulation or broken plugs
-If you are working on any receptacle at your home then always turn off the mains. It is also a good idea to put up a sign on the service panel so that nobody turns the main switch ON by accident.
-Always use insulated tools while working.
-Electrical hazards include exposed energized parts and unguarded electrical equipment which may become energized unexpectedly. Such equipment always carries warning signs like “Shock Risk”. Always be observant of such signs and follow the safety rules established by the electrical code followed by the country you’re in.
-Always use appropriate insulated rubber gloves and goggles while working on any branch circuit or any other electrical circuit
-Never try repairing energized equipment. Always check that it is de-energized first by using a tester. When an electric tester touches a live or hot wire, the bulb inside the tester lights up showing that an electrical current is flowing through the respective wire. Check all the wires, the outer metallic covering of the service panel and any other hanging wires with an electrical tester before proceeding with your work.
-Never use an aluminum or steel ladder if you are working on any receptacle at height in your home. An electrical surge will ground you and the whole electric current will pass through your body. Use a bamboo, wooden or a fiberglass ladder instead.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Avoid water at all times when working with electricity. Never touch or try repairing any electrical equipment or circuits with wet hands. It increases the conductivity of the electric current.
2. Never use equipment with frayed cords, damaged insulation or broken plugs.
3. If you are working on any receptacle at your home then always turn off the mains. It is also a good idea to put up a sign on the service panel so that nobody turns the main switch ON by accident.