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I was meant to summarise Herzberg's theories in the session today, but due to Josh being ill I am off. Therefore I have put this link up and it has some useful videos in to explain Herzberg's theory of motivation in the workplace. I found this easy to read and watch.
Hope you enjoy watching the videos of Positive Motivators and  the Hygiene Factors.

futureofworking.com (2014) Herzberg Theory of Motivation in the Workplace Available at   http://futureofworking.com/herzberg-theory-of-motivation-in-the-workplace/ Accessed 02/02/2017.

Sarah Warrilow

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Finding out what people want from their jobs, what motivates them to keep working, was the basis for a study by Fredrick Herzberg during the 1950's and 60's. He wanted to find out how attitude affected employees motivation. He did this by asking people to describe work situations that made them feel really good about their jobs and situations in which they felt bad about them.

His findings showed that those who felt good about their jobs gave very different answers than people who felt bad or didn't like their work. He wrote about the results of his study in an article called "One More Time: How do You Motivate Employees" and his findings have been the foundation of business motivational practices for over fifty years.

The Herzberg-Hygiene Theory

His study led to the Herzberg-Hygiene Theory, which is also known as the Herzberg Two Factor Theory. He found that there are certain characteristics that can be aligned with job satisfaction and other characteristics that are consistent with job dissatisfaction.

Some of the characteristics present when people were satisfied with their jobs included recognition, achievement, advancement and growth. For people that were dissatisfied, the consistent attributes were company policies, supervision, salary and work conditions.

Herzberg came to the realization that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction were not opposite each other, because resolving the causes of dissatisfaction didn't necessary mean that employees became satisfied with their jobs. He concluded that even if the conditions that recreated dissatisfaction were eliminated, they didn't necessarily motivate employees to improve their job performance.

Motivating Employees

The characteristics of job dissatisfaction are called hygiene factors. Even when they are eliminated or remedied, people will not necessary be motivated to do better at their jobs. To motivate your employees, you should focus on the factors of satisfaction like recognition, responsibility and achievements.

According to this theory, there are two steps to motivate employees. The first step is to eliminate job dissatisfaction and the second is to create conditions that lead to satisfaction. Poor company policies should be eliminated along with ensuring competitive wages and job security. Employees should be given opportunities for advancement, be recognized for their work and give more responsibilities to help motivate them.

While the theory has its detractors, it has been used successfully in developing employee motivation in companies for over half a century. Applying this theory systematically can help create motivated employees that will help a company succeed.

Author Biography
Keith Miller has over 25 years experience as a CEO and serial entrepreneur. As an entreprenuer, he has founded several multi-million dollar companies. As a writer, Keith's work has been mentioned in CIO Magazine, Workable, BizTech, and The Charlotte Observer. If you have any questions about the content of this blog post, then please send our content editing team a message here.

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Herzberg Theory of Motivation in the Workplace

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Finding out what people want from their jobs, what motivates them to keep working, was the basis for a study by Fredrick Herzberg during the 1950's and 60's. He wanted to find out how attitude affected employees motivation.

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"By combining multiple observers, theories, methods, and empirical materials, researchers can hope to overcome the weakness or intrinsic biases and the problems that come from single-method, single-observer, single-theory studies. Often the purpose of triangulation in specific contexts is to obtain confirmation of findings through convergence of different perspectives. The point at which the perspectives converge is seen to represent reality." -- Jakob, Alexander (2001)

Jakob, Alexander (2001) On the Triangulation of Quantitative and Qualitative Data in Typological Social Research: Reflections on a Typology of Conceptualizing 'Uncertainty' in the Context of Employment Biographies, Forum: Qualitative Social Research, Volume 2, Number 1.

Yeasmin, S. and Rahman, K. (2012) 'Triangulation Research Method as the Tool of Social Science Research', BUP Journal, 1(1), pp. 154-163. ISSN: 2219-4851. Available at: http://www.bup.edu.bd/journal/154-163.pdf

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Ethnographic research is a qualitative method where researchers completely immerse themselves in the lives, culture, or situation they are studying. They are often lengthy studies.

study.com (2016) What is an Ethnographic Study? - Definition & Examples Available at http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-an-ethnographic-study-definition-examples.html Accessed on 04/02/2017

Sarah Warrilow

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Triangulation is about using a range of techniques to provide insight into a topic that is particularly useful as a way of cross-checking the research findings.

nsfconsulting.com (2017)Triangulation – cross checking research findings  Available at   http://nsfconsulting.com.au/triangulation/ Accessed on 03/02/2017

Sarah Warrilow

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Siverman, D (ed.) (2016) Qualitative Research. London: Sage Publications Ltd.

This book gives definition and the history of ethnographic research. It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of ethnographic research. This would be really useful for anyone thinking of using ethnographic research, or any other type of qualitative research, in their investigation.

Rachel Mercer

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Clark, A. and Moss, P. (2011) Listening to young children: The mosaic approach. London: NBC.

This is an approach developed by by Alison Clark and Peter Moss in 2001. It is a multi-method process that uses a range of different techniques together to gain young children's views and experiences of their lives in a particular early childhood institution.

Rachel Mercer

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Risjord, M. W., Dunbars, S. B. and Moloney, M. F. (2002) 'A new foundation for methodological triangulation', in Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 34(3), pp. 269-275.

This study aimed to show how triangulation with qualitative and quantitiative methods can help confirm a theory to a greater degree than either method alone.

Rachel Mercer

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I found this book that is based around the process of research projects. This includes literature review, research methodologies,  strategies for research, gathering quantitative and qualitative data and then analysing it.  This is great when referring back to the overall triangulated method.

Mograth, J. Coles, A. (2010). Choosing your research methodology. In: Taylor and Francis Your education research project companion. 2nd ed. New York: Pearson Education Limited. Pages:75-101.

Catherine Tonner

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I found this GOV page on Mosiac approach which gives a brief discussion on the topic. It includes different factors and focuses on the positive outcomes when the approach coms into place.

http://www.hertfordshire.gov.uk/infobase/docs/pdfstore/mosaicapp.pdf
Date Accessed: 03/02/17

Catherine Tonner

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Ethnographic                                                                                                              'The scientific description of peoples and cultures with their customs, habits, and mutual differences.'                                                                                                                https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/ethnography                                                                                          Date accessed: 03/02/17

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Ethnographic                                                                                                              'The scientific description of peoples and cultures with their customs, habits, and mutual differences.'                                                                                                                https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/ethnography                                                                                          Date accessed: 03/02/17

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Catherine Tonner

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Hi, I've attached a link to my Prezi bibliography. Enjoy!

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Mental Health and Behaviour Advice for Schools

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Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Trauma

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NPI - Bibliography The factsheet contains strategies designed to address potential symptoms of student trauma and should be used in consultation and collaboration with the school's mental health personnel or as part of a larger intervention approach. The pages contain only a portion of many possible strategies available to address symptoms of trauma in the classroom.

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Hi

Found this article on mosaic approach. I found it easy to follow.

trinitychildrenscentre.org (2016)  Available at http://www.trinitychildrenscentre.org/flyers/Mosaic%20approach%20Tools%20for%20listening.pdf Accessed on 01/02/2017

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Hi Aidan
I found this article in The Guardian, hope it helps.

Sarah

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There are only three days left to apply for what could be the most coveted job in education: the Lego professor of play, development and learning at the University of Cambridge.

The closing date for applications for the brand new, permanent post is this Friday, 20 January. The successful candidate will not only enjoy all the perks of a typical Cambridge professor - including a job that commands an average salary of £83,981 - he or she will also lead Cambridge's newly established Centre for Research on Play in Education, Development and Learning (Pedal).

"The value of play is relatively under-researched," says Prof Anna Vignoles, interim director of Pedal and a member of Cambridge University's faculty of education. "You have people who are claiming that it enhances learning, that it's important, that it's good for children's wellbeing. All of that might be true, but actually there's remarkably little evidence for that. The aim of the Pedal centre is to conduct rigorous research into the importance of play and how playful learning can be used to improve students' outcomes."

Although the Lego Foundation, which owns 25% of the Lego business, will have no say over who is appointed, it is committed to funding the role in perpetuity and has already made a £4m endowment to the university. Of this, £2.5m has been put aside for the professorship. The remaining £1.5m is going to the Pedal centre, whose agenda will, in the future, be determined by the interests of the new professor.

The university is planning to offer the role to an academic who specialises in educational psychology, to enable the centre to step up its research capabilities in this field. "Children are now increasingly accessing early-years provision at very young ages," says Vignoles. "There are a number of scholars who are working on interesting aspects of that in developmental psychology. We're confident that we'll attract an outstanding scholar."

The Lego Foundation is hoping for a candidate with a "childlike mindset": "an academic who is playful, extremely curious, open-minded, imaginative and creative - someone who can think of new ways of doing research and work across different disciplines," says Bo Stjerne Thomsen, global head of research for the Lego Foundation.

The foundation believes play has a critical role for children, particularly in high-quality learning. "Play should be part of education," says Stjerne Thomsen. "What we want is to get the UK government to encourage more playful learning in schools, rather than testing. If children are being taught with standardised assessments and results, those children will expect to receive assignments and be led towards pre-defined goals for the rest of their lives.

"But the skills you need now as an adult are collaboration, problem solving and coming up with ideas. In that sense, play is critical. You use your imagination to plan things, to predict outcomes, to understand how to solve a problem by looking at it from different perspectives.

"For us, this is a unique opportunity to build research and interventions that can inform government policy, and also teachers - who are very good at teaching, but need other perspectives on the curriculum."

Vignoles, though, emphasises that the professor will not be expected to become an advocate for play to policymakers. "This is a research and teaching role, not an advocacy role. We don't know what the impact of play is on particular outcomes. We're going into this to investigate it."

And Stjerne Thomsen says: "We hope the Lego professor will speak to the needs that exist in education right now - and we can point to what the attitudes to play are, how teachers teach and what parents expect from education. New research studies may fulfill gaps in academia, but we help our academic partners to address the question of how it would make sense for a government or teacher to use that research."

The Lego Foundation chose Cambridge because of its interdisciplinary approach to play research and its expertise and credibility when communicating research to policymakers and practitioners, he says. "There is no department of play at any university and no institution takes responsibility for following the play literature and looking at interventions and outcomes in education. There is a lot of work even at the baseline for an academic institution to say what studies already exist and it's very difficult to set up good studies."

Academics have under-researched the potential value of play because the line between play, teaching and learning is hard to pin down, Vignoles says. "Using the latest technology to carry out research and collect data will be important. One of the most exciting projects the centre is working on at the moment is looking at outdoor play using GPS technology. The aim is to understand how children interact with their peers when they're left in a playground situation, and how they congregate in groups and play. It's an innovative way of studying what children are doing."

It is the first professor of play in the world. "It needed to be a professorship because we have high expectations with regard to the standard of the research agenda," says Stjerne Thomsen. "We wanted to attract someone who will build a whole team around him or her that can define studies in this area, someone who will be world-renowned for play."

Applicants do not need to already hold a professorship. "There may be people applying for this post for whom this will be their first chair - it's more about what they can bring in terms of their research," says Vignoles. Applications close on 20 January.
Topics

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Lego professor of play: apply now for the most coveted job in education

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There are only three days left to apply for what could be the most coveted job in education: the Lego professor of play, development and learning at the University of Cambridge. The closing date for applications for the brand new, permanent post is this Friday, 20 January.

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Hi

Just thought I'd share my annotated bibliography with you all.

Sarah Warrilow

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Hi

Just wanted to ask, have any of your schools got a voluntary policy? If you have can you please share them with me please to assist with my NPI.
Thanks
Sarah

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Here's the Prezi version of my annotated bibliography for you to have a look at.

Rachel Mercer :-)

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Bibliography This book contains useful advice on many aspects of a research project. It is split into three sections: preparing the ground, selecting methods of data collection and, interpreting the evidence and reporting the findings. Each section has several sub-sections, and diagrams and examples are included, making it easy to follow.

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Please add your homework and resources here. Don't forget to comment on your peer uploads!