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This experiment was ethically sound. The participants were not deceived and were debriefed after the study ended. They were all of age to give informed consent and were able to remove their data from the study as well as keeping their identities
private.

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1) When the participant directs attention to a message in one ear and rejects the message in the other, almost all content is blocked

2) This rejection is apparent even when the message is repeated many times there is no trace of a short list of simple words presented many times being remembered

3) Subjectively important messages such as someone's own name can penetrate any block so we may hear instructions contain our own name even in a rejected message

4) It's very difficult to make neutral material (such as digits) important enough to penetrate the block

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Study 1: the results showed no evidence of the words from the rejected message having being recognised, as the mean recognition rate was much lower than for the shadowed message and even lower for words not present in either.

Study 2: the data clearly indicates that the presence of a name can cause the instruction to be heard such as the affective content in the rejected message is able to break through any sort of  attentional barrier.

Study 3: the average number of digits reported when the participants had been told they would be asked about the content and when told specifically to listen for digits was not vastly different..
This shows participants could not be primed to respond to digits heard in the rejected message unlike the sudden recognition of their own name in study 2.

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- Independent measures design.
- Messages were constructed containing digits interspersed with the words towards the end of the passage (experimental).
- Participants either heard 2 experimental messages or 1 experimental and 1 control.
- The participants always shadowed an experimental message.
- 1 group was told beforehand that they would be asked questions about the content of the shadowed message and should remember all the digits the could (IV). The mean number of digits in the message and the mean number of digits reported were calculated (DV).

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- Participants shadowed 10 short passages of light fiction, each being a different condition.
- Each condition had a different set of instructions, or none at all.
- Their responses (shadowing) was recorded and they were told that the objective was to "score as few mistakes as possible".
- Each participant took part in all 10 conditions.

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- Repeated measures design.
- They shadowed a prose message in the attended ear while a list of short, simple words played 35 times in the unattended ear.
- They were then given a recognition test which contained words from the shadowed message, the rejected message, and a set of words that appeared in neither.

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Every participant wore headphones. The same male voice was recorded onto a tape at a rate of 130-150 words per minute.

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Study 1: not recorded
Study 2: 12 participants
Study 3: 28 participants (2 groups of 14)
All participants were undergraduates or research workers from Oxford University.

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The aim of the study was to test Cherry's dichotic listening findings in relation to the amount of information recognised in the rejected message, the effect of hearing one's own name in the unattended message and the effect of instructions to identify a specific target in the rejected message.