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https://earth.google.com/web/@85.84338055,-46.21768815,812a,22066244d,35y,-3h,12t,0r/data=CjYSNBIgYzQzNjdmOGM3MGY3MTFlOWIyMmViOTAzOTEzZjY4NDIiEHBvbGFyX2ljZV9hcmN0aWM

Click Explore > Layers > Polar Sea Ice

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This graph shows a steady decline of the amount of ice in the arctic
link to a time laspe:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=he5QzhE7_g4

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Interactive site about CLIMATE CHANGE (NASA)

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Interactive site about CLIMATE CHANGE (NASA)

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https://climate.nasa.gov/

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Map of the world after the Arctic ice melts.

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Map of the world after the Arctic ice melts.

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https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2013/09/rising-seas-ice-melt-new-shoreline-maps/

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Fauna:
- Polar Bears
- Arctic Foxes
- Arctic Hares
- Whales
- Arctic krill
- Reindeer
- Walrus
- Snowy Owls

Flora:
- Mosses
- Lichens
- Whitlow Grass

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Vegetation zones will shift to the north with coniferous forests invading the tundra. While current coniferous forests will experience decay due to fires and pests.
Permafrost will thaw, especially in Siberia, .New wetlands will be created. There is a chance for ancient viruses to escape, possibly creating an epidemic that will wipe up the humankind.
The longer growing season will bring major changes to plant communities.
The retreat of glaciers may lead to more frequent eruptions.
Sea ice reflects 90% of the sunlight. The loss of sea ice would cause more absorption of sunlight, which will warm the globe significantly. Also, it would cause sea levels to rise.

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Social consequences due to changes in the Arctic.

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Social consequences due to changes in the Arctic.

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Pro's:
Due to the fact that some of the ice has melted, there are more opportunities for more people to freely move around the globe via boats. This affects the social factors in a positive manner.

Events like drilling oil in the arctic can lead to a increase in product, leading to a increase in local income and recources.

Better land transport, leading to communication and interactions between communites.

Con's:
Leads to climate change, which needs resources to solve.

Inuits will find it hard to practice their traditions due to ice-free oceans.

Loss of culture for local people such as hunting

More frequent bear invasions in Arctic settlements, especially in Russia, due to hunger and the loss of sea ice.

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Economical opportunities due to CLIMATE CHANGE

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Economical opportunities due to CLIMATE CHANGE

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- Northern sea routes are now free of ice. It could shorten the distance of shipping for about 1/3 compared to the traditional routes through Suez Canal and the Panama Canal. Arctic "wastelands" will have a chance to develop into supply ports.

- Around 13% of undiscovered oil lies below the arctic ice. If the ice melt the cost to drill into the seabed drops significantly, making Arctic countries some of the top exporters of Oil and Natural Gas.

- It would make it easier for people to discover hidden treasure or fossils after the ice is gone.

But these opportunities are insignificant compared to the consequences of the melt of Arctic Sea Ice. Also, political conflict/tensions can arise between Arctic countries for the sake of resources.

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- Climate changes:
Climate change in the Arctic is around three times more than anywhere around the earth. These largest changes can cause a change in sea current and weather, significantly impacting people.

This disrupts the North Atlantic Drift and cause cooling of western Europe's climate. The global sea level also rises due to the ice in the Arctic melting.

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Indigenous peoples have inhabited the Arctic for thousands of years. The proportion indigenous people is estimated to be about 10 percent of total population living in arctic areas. There are over 40 different ethnic groups living in the Arctic.

Arctic indigenous peoples include Saami in Scandinavia and Northwest Russia, Nenets, Khanty, Evenk and Chukchi in Russia, Aleut, Yupik and Inuit (Iñupiat) in Alaska, Inuit (Inuvialuit) in Canada and Inuit (Kalaallit) in Greenland

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- Geography:
Land or oceans that lie above the arctic circle (66:33N - 66:34N depending on the year)

- Climate:
Areas with an average temperature lower than 10c in the hottest month.

- Physical:
Areas covered in sea ice