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Mount Merapi Volcano, Central Java Indonesia

Late October 2010 (series of eruptions began)

Map Source: Google Map Data

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2,930 m

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Mount Merapi is an active stratovolcano; which is a type of cinder cone volcano. In cinder cones, lava is ejected and thrown through the main vent and side vents (if the volcano has side vents). Cinder cones are known as the most simple form of volcanoes; mostly due to the fact that cinder cones are the common image in one's mind when they think of a volcano.

Photo Source: wikimedia.org

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The Mount Merapi volcano has been regularly active Since 1548.

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The Mount Merapi volcano has been regularly active Since 1548.

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Mount Merapi is the MOST active out of all of Indonesia's volcanoes.

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Merapi is one of Indonesia's most "under concern" volcanoes as it is in close proximity to major population centres. Merapi is known for deady pyroclastic flows which could purely decimate the nearby towns Merapi holds closeby.

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Merapi is one of Indonesia's most "under concern" volcanoes as it is in close proximity to major population centres. Merapi is known for deady pyroclastic flows which could purely decimate the nearby towns Merapi holds closeby.

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The video clip below takes a look into the major ash cloud and pyroclastic flow of the 2010 Mount Merapi eruptions.

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Video of new powerful Merapi volcano eruption in Indonesia

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Impact of  Eruption on Human Life and the Surrounding Environment

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Impact of  Eruption on Human Life and the Surrounding Environment

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Due to the effects of the eruption and devastation, 367 people lost their lives, 277 people were injured and 410,388 people were evacuated. Major city infrastructure and many homes were completely destroyed. Livestock were killed, and immense amounts of ash fallout turned agricultural areas into wastelands. During this crisis, the airport was closed due to hazardous ash covering the sky.

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A volcanic eruption occurs when great amounts of pressure build and fester inside of the magma chamber deep inside the volcano. Once the pressure can no longer be contained, the magma rises and erupts through the main vent.

Once all pressure has been released, the lava and ash settles in the top depression of the volcano known as the caldera.

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Volcanoes are monitored by volcanologists who monitor rock movement that make up the volcano as well as the earth's crust movement surrounding the volcano. The flaw in our volcano detecting technology is that it is very difficult to predict an eruption a long time prior to the eruption. This means that eruption detections could be found out when its too late, or only a very short period before.

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Source: Getty Images

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Although the Indonesian government had the area evacuated, there was still mass destructions and many deaths. Unfortunately, volcanic eruptions like this happen in some of the poorest countries in the world, such as Indonesia. The country ranks 111th on the human development index while Canada sits at 10th place. The towns surrounding Merapi are quite poor, therefore emergency preparedness is not their top priority nor is it a priority at all.

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B. (n.d.). A year after the 2010 Merapi eruption: Volcano hazard and Indonesian government mitigation measures. Retrieved May 15, 2018, from http://miavita.brgm.fr/pressroom/Pages/ayearafterthe2010Merapieruption.aspx

B. (2011, June 22). Can we predict when a volcano is going to erupt? - CBBC Newsround. Retrieved May 15, 2018, from http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/13880748