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This allows scientist to look at what makes the species them. You can see the small changes and the similarity in the DNA of multiple species.  As observed between just three different species of poison dart frogs you can see how there are slight changes that could determine if that organism is mutation free or not.

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Figure 1 is of the Ischnocnema juipoca frog

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Figure 2 is of Pristimantis crepitans

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Figure 3 is of Barycholos cf. ternetzi

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This helps scientist look at the way these species are formed from the start. All of these species lay eggs that have a jelly like substance on the outside and the way their babies form are all similar. This shows that all of these species had a similar ancestor because they develop differently.

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Fossils help scientist see the evolution of amphibians. With evaluating multiple fossils from different times scientist can infer that species must have at one time had a similar ancestor then started to branch off into characteristics that they needed for their new environment.

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Fossil 4: part of the lissamphibians family
360 mya paleozoic

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Fossil 3: Chunerpeton tianyiensis
161 mya late jurassic

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Fossil 2: Rana Basaltica
Lower cretaceous 65.5 mya

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Fossil 1: Chordata
early cretaceous 65.5 million years ago

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Fossil 5: Mid. Jurassic salamander larvae, and salamander.
Mesozoic era possibly early cretaceous about possibly 125 mya.

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They all are similar up to the class, then the newt and salamander continues to be similar up to order.  They all need an water environment to survive considering that in the water is where they lay their eggs. All of these species hibernate, they all have skin that can absorb water, all can go on land though, and all have four legs.
How the species are different
They are all different because they area all found in different parts of the world, all breed at different times of the year, and all have different coloring specific to their species.

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Palaeos Vertebrates Tetrapoda : Amphibians, Systematics, and Cladistics

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Overview Amphibians, Systematics, and Cladistics Overview - Auntie Stega More about Auntie Stega Tetrapoda Ichthyostega Crassigyrinus Colosteidae Baphetidae Tetrapoda* Dendrogram References

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The scientist can look at how the species use the same bones such as the main bones in the legs and the hips. They can see how the species use same bones but might contain a different function. This allows scientist to infer that one point they could have had the same use as well as the same structure.

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Short ribs, two skin glands (mucous and granular) , four digits in the front with five in the back, as well as smooth scaleless skin that allows gas exchange and the absorption of water.

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Natural Selection: The species had a need to breed with those who were surviving in their environment at that moment. Only the strongest thrived and continued breeding. This though for the salamander species I researched is coming to an end since they are in the red zone for extinction this meaning there needs to be a change in something for them to continue living.
Descent with Modification: As the ancestors figured out that the ones who were surviving were the ones who could have had mutation so they kept breeding with them, using evidence you can inform that all these species had a common ancestor just what was different was what traits were important at that time of evolution. Which shows descent with modification because as they evolved they moved out of the phase of all being similar to all thriving in their environment.

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Common Name: Poison Dart Frog

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordate
Class : Amphibians
Order : Frog
Family : Poison Dart Frog
Genus : Ranitomeya
Species : Ranitomeya Amazonica

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Common Name :Eastern Newt

Kingdom :Animalia
Phylum :Chordate
Class :Amphibians
Order :Caudata
Family :Salamandridae
Genus :Notophthalmus
Species :Notophthalmus Viridescens

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Common Name :Semirechensk Salamander
Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordate
Class : Amphibians
Order : Caudata
Family : Asiatic Salamander
Genus : Ranodon
Species : Ranodon Sibiricus

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Semirechensk Salamander
The salamander it’s punctured equilibrium because they evolved once and has not changed in a while. Which in result of this and humans they are dying.
Eastern Newt
Then for the newts they are gradualism because they vary in colors which means they are continuously changing. This then lets the one color that isn’t doing to well die off while the one color that survives continue to breed.
Poison Dart Frog
Then the frogs punctured because they are doing fine they way they are thus showing the last time the evolved was significant. If they change it will be because the need to but for now they are thriving the way they are.

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Semirechensk Salamander

Stabilizing because since they are becoming extinct they aren’t changing that much. It helps though that they are able to survive in such cold environments because they are one of the few who can inhabit it, thus leading to no competition. So their ability to withstand this temperatures allows them to live and lets them be successful.
Eastern Newt

Either stabilizing or disruptive since yes there are multiple variations of their coloring. This meaning that either the RR or rr is most likely but since there are many variations you can’t be positive. Or Rr is most likely because red is more likely then most. Red because that color attracts females more so then other variations.
Poison Dart Frog

Stabilizing because they are surviving and the colors vary but none are dull colors they all have bright colors and toxicity. This showing no mutation at this point in life. This helps the frogs because they can fit in with their environment and it also gives predators a warning about how they are toxic.

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Isolation: The salamander I researched is geographically isolated because no other amphibians can live in their environment. The frogs live in two different parts of the world. They also all are reproductively isolated because they can't breed outside of their own species.
Speciation: The all could have started out as one similar species but as they evolved with new mutations becoming more and more useful
Type of Evolution: Divergent evolution, these species have close to identical bodies, some are just stretched out spines, some tails, and some more useful legs.
Genetic Drift: A few organisms in a species might be different from their peers such as color or what they eat. This could later become useful if they need to later survive off of mutations.

Immigration and emigration:  None really move that much migration wise. More so they continue to breed with not just the same individual each time resulting in different alleles each time. They leave when they die, larvae might not even survive for the most part. Especially since the salamander subspecies is endangered they have to either keep breeding with each other to increase the population or soon there needs to be a mutation or they need to migrate.

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3036057/

http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/rule_kels/classification.htm

http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/tetrapoda/amphibians.html

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/amphibians/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21677386

http://dhmri.org/news-events/news/2016/591

http://www.nhptv.org/wild/azamphibians.asp

http://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/poison-frog

https://www.arkive.org/semirechensk-salamander/ranodon-sibiricus/

https://allyouneedisbiology.wordpress.com/2015/06/01/lissamphibia/ https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiuvvm5xY_aAhXRVN8KHYzjD_IQjRx6BAgAEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fhealthypets.mercola.com%2Fsites%2Fhealthypets%2Farchive%2F2016%2F06%2F07%2Fpoison-dart-frogs.aspx&psig=AOvVaw3EkqFVKQubrEA8gP-qyLhI&ust=1522344527485767

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi-xd35xY_aAhUDm-AKHfb9B10QjRx6BAgAEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arkive.org%2Fsemirechensk-salamander%2Franodon-sibiricus%2Fimage-G127745.html&psig=AOvVaw1zD4eXXivvyruwnjjFKLil&ust=1522344643183860

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwirv4K6xo_aAhWim-AKHe5kAJYQjRx6BAgAEAU&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jeffpippen.com%2Fherps%2Fenewt.htm&psig=AOvVaw3JvrQHfyrEO58ahQAV7-6G&ust=1522344781153916

http://www.fossilmuseum.net/Fossil-Pictures/Frogs/Callobatrachus/Callobatrachus-sanyanensis.htm http://www.fossilmall.com/fossils/kzc29/rana-frog-amphibian-fossil.htm
http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/030403/salamanders.shtml http://www.crystalinks.com/fossilsalamander.html https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Exceptional-preservation-of-Middle-Jurassic-salamander-larvae-from-northern-China-and_fig7_258762038
https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/hubs/amphibians/ https://www.arkive.org/four-toed-salamander/hemidactylium-scutatum/image-G113240.html

www.theanimalfiles.com/amphibians/newts_salamanders/eastern_newt.html

https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/poison-frogs

http://www.marylandzoo.org/animals-conservation/amphibians/eastern-newt-or-red-spotted-newt/

http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/19304/0#habitat