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"...on the peaked sea-mark of Ithica" (Homer 21) is where Odysseus lived with his wife, Penelope, and son, Telemachus.

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Odysseus did not want to participate in the war. Athena convinced him to sail to Troy and use his intelligence to defeat the Trojans. "he plundered the stronghold on the proud height of Troy" (Homer 4-5).

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Tiresias- Tiresias helped odysseus find his destiny and helped him home.
Athena- One of the things that Athena did to look over Odysseus was changing him into a beggar and helping him escape the cave of the Cyclops. Athena was looking over Odysseus the whole time, "If but Athena granted what I prayed for" (Homer 263).
Circe- "Circe foresaw us and shared with me" (Homer 687). Circe  showed Odysseus his future.

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The underworld was the threshold for Odysseus, "my spirit found this well of dark" (Homer 592). Odysseus had to go to the dark underworld and then he started with his tests.

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"The main force of Cicones. This was an army trained to fight on horseback" (Homer 52). This was odysseus' first test where he had to fight but they were then forced to leave on their ships.

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The lotus flower..causes you to forget things...this is what Odysseus and his men deserved, they were too greedy. The lotus flowers were a sign from Zeus, "...clear the beach and no one taste the Lotus, or you lose your hope of home". (Homer 104-105).

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This test was when Odysseus and his men were stuck in the cave of the cyclops where they were not being shown hospitality. Odysseus reached for Athena to help give him intelligence and she sent him sheep to escape after stabbing his eye. "who's hand could bare to thrust and grind that spike inkto Cyclops eye" (Homer 280-281).

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When sent by the king of winds a gift of wind and you mess it up that doesn't put you on the good side. Odysseus' was told "open the sack, letting loose a storm that drives them back to Aeolia" (Homer). The wind was supposed to put them back home but he didn't listen and was then on his own.

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"They sail for seven days and arrive in the land of Laestrygonians" (Homer). This land is in the race of cannibals, and creatures there to destroy the ships, that is all except for Odysseus' ship.

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"...protected by the magic herb" (Homer). Odysseus' was lucky to have this since the rest were turned to swine. After this event he is ordered to go the Land of the Dead if he wants to return home.

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The sirens were a bad thing, they would force you to come to them. Odysseus and his men had a way to go around this test, "I carved a massive cake of beeswax into bits" (Homer 708). The beeswax stopped them from hearing the sirens as well as Odysseus' men listening to his command of tying him up. The greek value in this is portrayed by Odysseus which is bravery.

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When approaching these 2 monsters Odysseus made sure him and his men would be fine and kept them there with reassurance. They had to choose a side and went with only loosing six men instead of all. "Scylla strikes six of my best men from the ship" (Homer 809). Although it wasnt ideal to loose six men it was the best thing to be done and showed Odysseus' leadership.

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The punishment came of the Cattle of the Sun Gods when Zeus striked all the boats resulting in everyone drowning but Odysseus. Odysseus was brought to the monsters where he had to prove his strength and intelligence. "nine days I drifted in the open sea before I made shore" (Homer 989). This island was home to Calypso, who he was trying to escape from. Odysseus made it out with help from Phaeacians giving him a boat.

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The phaeacians helped Odysseus return home safely after his journeys, "...Phaeacian nobleman conduct him home by ship" (Homer). Telemachus was also a big allie to Odysseus by helping him when he returned home and facing the suitors. Telemachus gave him intelligence. The last allie was Athena, she helped him also get home and helped him hide the weapons when facing suitors.

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Suitors....Odysseus' worst enemy, they don't come off kindly to him and show poor greek values such as hospitality. Other than bad hospitality they say rude things to him one of those being, "you nosing rat, making your pitch to everyone" (Homer 1213-1214).

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"Come we will cut out the noblest of these cattle for sacrifice to the gods who own the sky" (Homer 868). This was the worst idea they could've had, eating the cattle resulted in serious punishment. The men violated the value of respect in this episode.

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Odysseus' supreme ordeal was returning home to the suitors who he had to fight. "a beggar, by my looks" (Homer 1123). The disguise from Athena helped Odysseus out in this situation. Hospitality was violated in this episode by the suitors.

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The Phaeacians helped Odysseus return home by "conduct him home by ship" (Homer 595). The process of returning home included Odysseus showing his real identity and coming out from Athena's disguise.

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After all of Odysseus' tests he finally earned his reward of being home with his family in his city. "regains his family and his kingdom" Homer 616). This was most important to Odysseus in the end because thats who was important to him.

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Odysseus is known as a hero for all of his heroic traits and the ways he portrays himself. He always showed himself in a leadership position, "four strong men, and I made five as a captain" (Homer 284). Another heroic trait Odysseus showed intelligence, this showed when Odysseus told the Cyclops that his name was Nohbdy. "My name is Nohbdy...everybody calls me Nohbdy" (Homer 315-316).
The last trait portrayed is bravery this is shown when he returned home and had to fight off the suitors. "drew his first cruel head of an arrow for Antinous" (Homer 1412).