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1 million women joined the work force

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13 female nurses died in combat

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two plebiscites, one at the end of 1916, another at the end of 1917. Both resulted in NO to conscription

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2000 female nurses went overseas to help the war effort

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Women took the paid jobs of the men - however were only paid 1/2 as much

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Export industries were hit by the closing of markets and disruption of shipping, capital inflow slowed sharply, and vital imports were cut off.

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Women were expected to return their jobs to the men after the war - but many chose to keep them

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conscription is to be forcibly recruited into the Australian army (AIF)

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in June 1915, enlistment severly decreased because there started to be news of all of the Australian deaths overseas

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Australia had difficulty, placing some of its products on an international market, suffering from over-production.

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There was propaganda created to get women into factory jobs
<-- similar to the propaganda that made the men enlist to the war

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most commonwealth countries like, Canada, United Kingdom and the Union of South Africa introduced conscription

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Upper class people wanted conscription in australia, and believed that those who didn't were traitors to the country.
They thought it was unfair that there husbands and sons should die and others should live

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In August, 1914, it was most disastrous for the Australian economy.

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the working class did not want conscription because they wanted all fit and healthy men to stay in Australia

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By the end of the war approximately 400 products were being produced in Australia which had not been produced before the war.

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In 1914, there was a catastrophic drought, which lasted for 13 months, from April 1914 to May 1915. It remains one of the most severe drought periods in the history of southern Australia.

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Australia held prisoners of war and internees during WW1

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Internees or prisoners of war were known as “enemy aliens” from countries at war with Australia

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Many of the internees and prisoners of war were men, but a few were women and children

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Prisoners of war were made up of members of enemy military forces who had been captured or surrendered such as parts of the German army or Turkish army

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Internees and prisoners of war were held in internment camps all around Australia such as the Long Bay Jail in NSW

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People could be interned based solely on their nationality, for instance, if they were of a nationality allied with the Germans, they were interned

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Initially the government classed foreign nationals of countries at war with Australia as “enemy aliens”

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However, this was later changed to include:

Naturalised British subjects originally from enemy nations.

Australian born descendants of migrants from enemy nations.

Others who posed as a threat to Australia’s national security.

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Australia interned almost 7000 people in World War I internment camps. They included around 4500 enemy aliens and British nationals of German ancestry living in Australia.