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This publication by Paul Gorski offers specific Classroom Strategies teachers to address the opportunity gap and advocate for students living in

low-income and poverty.

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Updates on Title IX (Trump Presidency) - 2025

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Updates on Title IX (Trump Presidency) - 2025

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Update on Title IX - https://www.ed.gov/media/document/title-ix-enforcement-directive-dcl-109477.pdf

https://www.insidehighered.com/news/government/politics-elections/2025/02/03/department-education-reverts-trumps-title-ix-rule

https://www.npr.org/2025/02/07/g-s1-46938/ncaa-transgender-athletes-ban-trump

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Compare Union/"Collective Bargaining" states v. Non-union/"Right to-Work" states

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Blue states - union state with collective bargaining. (Collective teacher voice that advocates for equitable pay and work conditions.)

Black states - "right-to-work" and no unions or collective bargaining.

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Gender Gap: Ratio of Earnings by Race/Ethnicity

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Gender Gap: Ratio of Earnings by Race/Ethnicity

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Source: IWPR calculations based on U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Table A-2. Usual Weekly Earnings of Employed Full-Time Wage and Salary Workers by Intermediate Occupation, Sex, Race, and Hispanic or Latino Ethnicity and Non-Hispanic Ethnicity, Annual Average 2022,” (Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2023, unpublished).

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Source: https://iwpr.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Gender-Wage-Gaps-2023-003.pdf

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This publication provides an overview of "actionable strategies" (section 6) for addressing the needs of students from poverty, as well as sections that provide research on brain-based learning approach to teaching and educators' roles providing equity literacy.

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Culture & Education
Text Connections

1. SES

2. Religion

3. Gender

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Different Cultures
Different Backgrounds
Different Experiences
Different Viewpoints

1. SES - socioeconomic status

2. Religion

3. Gender

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The tip of the  "tip of the iceberg" metaphor of cultural understanding is similar to which of James Banks' levels ethnic content integration?

*Refer to James Banks levels of integration

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James Banks' Levels of Integration:

1. Contributions Approach

2. Additive Approach

3. Transformative Approach

4. Social Action Approach

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"PROXIMITY doesn't mean competence."
(Dr. Jaime Washington)

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Reflecting on Today's Class: (Turn to a Neighbor)

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Reflecting on Today's Class: (Turn to a Neighbor)

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1. What "knowledge" should multicultural educators
have and why is it important?

2. What is the influence of SES, religion, and gender on
education?

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Title IX

Blatant and subtle bias in classrooms

(e.g., language used, role models)

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Barriers/Issues:

Lowered expectations

Misdiagnosed - special educ

Lower tracks/grouping**   (pg. 101/103)

Higher drop-out rates

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Counteracting Effects:

Hold high expectations

Relevant (see self) curriculum

Equitable funding

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1. Occupation

2. Education

3. Income

4. Ind/Family Wealth
5. Ind/Family Power

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What is meant by Tip of the Iceberg?
(Group Discussion - Numbered Heads)

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Learning styles

Communication styles

Languages

Experiences

Histories

Interests

(WHAT)

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Impact of Culture on Teaching (WHY/Relevance)

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Impact of Culture on Teaching (WHY/Relevance)

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Knowledge about Cultures = Knowledge about Students

Knowledge Enacted --> 1) Planning of learning experiences

2) Positive/Productive relationships

3) Change agents for equitable educ

4) Building learning environments

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2 Types of Knowledge           for Effective Teaching:

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2 Types of Knowledge           for Effective Teaching:

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1. Knowledge for
teachers

core knowledge

researched essentials

Program of study
PRAXIS test

2. Teacher knowledge

experiential

world-view

awareness needed

reflect on impact

Personal --> Practice

Lau, Yu, and Chan (2008)

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Sonia Nieto shares a personal story about how others' perceptions of Puerto Ricans and Spanish-speakers affected her first teaching assignment, and her daughter's school experiences.

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What does it mean to be culturally responsive?