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SAI, short for stratospheric aerosol injection is a method of solar radiation management, wherein one injects particles into the stratosphere to reflect sunlight, helping to slow global warming and therefore climate change. There are many reasons why one might choose SAI over other methods of geoengineering.
For one, it already occurs naturally: stratospheric sulfur aerosols are created by existing natural processes such as volcanoes, whose impacts have been studied via observations. This contrasts with other, more speculative solar radiation management techniques which do not have natural analogs (e.g., space sunshade).
Numerous studies have concluded that SAI would cost less than many other interventions. The annual cost of delivering 5 million tons of SO 2 to an altitude of 20 to 30 km is estimated at US$2 billion to 8 billion. Around 5 million tons of SO 2 delivered annually is predicted to sufficiently offset the expected warming over the next century. In comparison, the annual cost estimates for climate damage or emission mitigation range from US$200 billion to 2 trillion.
There are two methods for stratospheric aerosol injection. Releasing SO 2 into the atmosphere, and releasing H 2 SO 4 into the atmosphere. To ensure a long lifespan for the particles, they must be released into the upper stratosphere: releasing them into the rising leg of the Brewer-Dobson circulation (above the tropical tropopause) will ensure a longer lifespan for the particles (several years).
If SO 2 gas is released it will oxidise to form H 2 SO 4 and then condense to form droplets far from the injection site. However, if SO 2 is used, there is the problem of diminishing returns as more particles are released due to the fact that the size of the particles cannot be controlled, but it is cheaper and easier than using H 2 SO 4 .
However, there are some concerns. Ozone depletion is a potential side effect of sulfur aerosols. However, this may only occur if high enough quantities of aerosols drift to, or are deposited in, Polar stratospheric clouds before the levels of CFCs and other ozone destroying gases fall naturally to safe levels because stratospheric aerosols, together with the ozone
destroying gases, are responsible for ozone depletion.
Also, if geoengineering were halted all at once, there would be rapid temperature and precipitation increases at 5–10 times the rates from gradual global warming. Furthermore, since aerosols can also absorb some radiation from the Sun, the Earth and the surrounding atmosphere, surrounding air temperature could change, potentially impacting the stratospheric circulation, and therefore surface circulation.
There are many ways to deliver the gases. Military aircraft are capable of reaching the necessary altitudes, though they have limited payloads. High altitude balloons are another
possibility.
Ultimately, SAI could be an incredibly useful way to mitigate the risks posed by climate change and to control the melting of ice sheets and subsequent rise in sea levels. However, it must also be viewed with caution, as there are many potential consequences that we cannot yet fully predict.

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 blazes that have destroyed homes, businesses and an estimated 55,000 hectares (135, 908 acres) of land. The 10-day emergency has seen some 1,200 bushfires burning across the state, with more than 600 community warnings issued in the past two weeks.

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how does melting glaciers effect  climate change ?

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To ensure a long lifespan for the particles, they must be released into the upper stratosphere:

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As coral reefs are getting depleted/damaged the level of oxygen is also simultaneously decreasing because coral reefs are the lungs of the ocean and the trees in the environment only provide 1/3 of the oxygen we breathe the rest comes from the ocean,By 2050 what would be the result of this nuisance?

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How long is it predicted for the risk reduction strategies to take place and give a visible change from before they were implemented 

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How long is it predicted for the risk reduction strategies to take place and give a visible change from before they were implemented 

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By Purna hemnani

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How can climate change be prevented
LEKH Gujarathi

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Are humans responsible for the forest fire in Australia and are they causing the planet to slowly die?

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Are humans responsible for the forest fire in Australia and are they causing the planet to slowly die?

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-Dev Chawla

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Do animals have an equal affect on global warming as humans ?
- Rrivan bajaj

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How can we reduce floods in Mumbai that is being a major concern, which makes people fall ill

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How can we reduce floods in Mumbai that is being a major concern, which makes people fall ill

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Ishaan Mehta

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How does global warming have an effect on our ecosystem and our everyday life

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How does global warming have an effect on our ecosystem and our everyday life

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Virajshah

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what is it that we could change in our lifestyle that could reverse the climate change? 

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what is it that we could change in our lifestyle that could reverse the climate change? 

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bhuvika punjabi

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Will the actions we take today be enough to forestall the direct impacts of climate change? Or is it too little too late?
-Nitin D’souza

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Ishaan Tandon

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Question:

How can we resolve the problem of unpredictable rains regarding crops

Due to unpredictable rains a lot of crops in India go bad

For e.g- Recently due to unpredictable rains, the crops for onions went bad which decreased the supply of onions resulting in higher prices. This affected India’s economy.

However by Aeroponics, we can do indoor farming where the crops will use up less water to to grow

So by Aeroponics a major impact of unpredictable rains on crops can be avoided by indoor farming

We focus on solving the excess use of water that is spent on agriculture. For example recently Maharashtra had a water crisis which heavily affected the farmers as there was no water available to grow crops . Hence we decided to bring in AEROPONIC farming in India where vegetables is grown without the use of soil and sunlight and only with air and mist of water in the form of sprays The root misting system allows us to use 95 % less water than a regular field.

Almost 70% of fresh water usage goes into agriculture also due to which the 70% of fresh water contamination also comes from agriculture. Hence we’ve decided to eliminate the over consumption of water on agriculture by using the misting system which sprays mists on the roots reducing the time spent on watering the plants. As the agricultural sector cannot survive without water so  we’ve decided to use water in the most efficient way which reduces the amount of water that is consumed on agriculture. Farmers are heavily dependent on rainfall and almost all the crops obtain water from rain. Rain water that is not absorbed by the soil form into little streams and rivers which is a complete loss for the farmers as it reduces the growth rate for the crops.

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How do we consistently grow produce when we are facing problems like climate change or unexpected rains?
Ronnan Cutinho

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How can someone give their part to the help the people who were struck by calamities and climate change?
Prasham Shah

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What are the percentage of animals that are going through extinction because of the Australia bush fires ?
Vinisha Naryani

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Are humans the only reason why climate change is taking place?

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To what extent has the Australian fires devoted in increase of global warming?
Aashna Ambekar

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To what extent have the Amazon Rainforest fires affected the biodiversity?
By Maitree Mhatre

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How has bushfires is Australia affected the locals and the environment?
By Durva Pimpley

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How can we protect the most vulnerblae against climate change impacts?

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How can we innovate and adopt technological solutions to mitigate and adapt to climate change?

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Hi guys

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Content for flex:

Recently we have heard that the bushfires have taken over in Australia. It mostly starts by natural calamities. There are 4 chances. Firstly, it can start if the weather is very hot and dry. The higher the temperature the more likely it is that a fire will start or continue to burn. They can start from human activity - either accidentally or deliberately - or can start by natural causes like lightning. We can prevent bush fires from burning down homes and killing wildlife by cleaning litter off the ground, stop people from littering and throwing rubbish everywhere, contact the police if anything seems suspicious like if someone looks like there about to light a fire or something, never light a fire on a hot/windy day because fires can easily spread if the wind is strong enough or its hot enough, never leave a match on the ground outside in the open near trees and never through a smoked cigarette on the ground and never light a fire near an extremely flammable object.

Crews from the states of Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia and from New Zealand were helping fight blazes that have destroyed homes, businesses and an estimated 55,000 hectares (135, 908 acres) of land. The 10-day emergency has seen some 1,200 bushfires burning across the state, with more than 600 community warnings issued in the past two weeks. Officials have warned some fires could burn for months because the ground is bone-dry and there is no significant rain in sight. Meanwhile, fire conditions eased over the weekend in northern New South Wales, as the winds dropped, prompting the Rural Fire Service (RFS) to downgrade its warning to an advice level.

Australia’s bushfire crisis started much earlier than normal in August 2019, with thousands of fires in Queensland and New South Wales.Despite the evidence a claim persists that a major contributing factor of Australia’s devastating fire season – and the deaths, loss of homes and environmental devastation they have caused – is not climate change but a conspiracy by environmentalists to “lock up” national parks and prevent hazard reduction activities such as prescribed burning and clearing of the forest floor. The South Australian Government is committed to reducing the risk of bushfires to primary producers, the community and the environment the reduction for Bushfire Risk, it has been developed to provide farmers with a clear and consistent approach to the management of farms to reduce the risk of bushfire.

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Can we manufacture Glaciers and use it to deal with climate change?

How can we make use of the water that comes from melting of glaciers to satisfy water needs that occur due to climate change?

Due to rise in temperature the water that melts from the glaciers goes into the sea, resulting in rise in sea level. Sea levels rise because the water is not used efficiently. With this new model, the main aim is to divert that water towards a shallow but wide dam that is covered and is over 13000 feet altitude.  It provides a cold atmosphere allowing the water to be frozen as a potential water reserve. This model is designed in a modular way. As this is covered they can be used as potential roadways not occupying a large area. So during spring when there is water scarcity the water melts and can be used to satisfy water problems: irrigation, drinking water, and industrial activities. This model is designed to serve various purposes. As water problems mostly occur in rural areas cattle bathing, washing of clothes and utensil cleansing takes place making the water impure. Natural means of purification are used and then the water is frozen. Also, as the water is diverted via a narrow canal the speed at which it travels is fast and hence can be used to generate hydroelectricity.