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The earliest artifacts of drawings and sculptures show that humans were in Ancient India during the Paleolithic Age.

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Settlement of Nile Valley by the Ancient Egyptian civilization.

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Ancient Mesopotamia is called the cradle of civilization. The first cities and empires formed here by the Sumer. It was located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

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Ancient Egypt was unified with a north and a south. They started using hieroglyphics to write.

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The Great Pyramids of Giza were built. They honor their great sun god Ra. The Egyptians also started to use mummification to honor their dead.

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The Maya Civilization began in Mesoamerica. The earliest Mayans were agricultural and grew maize, beans, and squash. They also built pyramids and stone monuments.

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The Indus River Valley Civilization was created. They became urbanized, agricultural, and started their own writing system called Indus Script.

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The Aryans migrated to the Indus River Valley.

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The fall of Babylon to Cyrus II of Persia effectively ended Babylonian culture. After Cyrus II took Babylon, the bulk of Mesopotamia became part of the Persian Empire and saw a rapid cultural decline.

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The Persians conquered the Indus River Valley.

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Alexander the Great conquers Egypt and builds Alexandria.

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The Inca Empire began in modern-day Peru with their capital city of Cuzco. The Incas lived on slanted ground, so they grew food through terrace farming. They also grew and utilized alpacas.

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The Aztec Empire started and created their capital city of Tenochtitlán. They had a powerful military and agricultural system. They also performed human sacrifices as part of their religion.

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Hernan Cortes, a Spanish Conquistador, overthrew the Aztec Empire by force. This ended the most powerful ancient Mesoamerican civilization.

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The Post-Classic Period in which the cities were abandoned and the region was invaded by the Spanish conquerors. The Battle of Utatlan in which the last Maya resistance is crushed by the conquistador Alvarado. Traditional date of the end of the Maya Civilization.

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Emperor Huayna Capac dies from a plague. It was likely smallpox brought by the Spanish conquistadors. A large portion of the Inca population died from smallpox and other diseases over the next several years.