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The Breathing System Microsoft Forms quiz

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The Breathing System Microsoft Forms quiz

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Microsoft Forms - Easily create surveys, quizzes, and polls.

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Easily create surveys and polls to collect customer feedback, measure employee satisfaction, and organize team events. Quickly create quizzes to measure student knowledge, evaluate class progress, and focus on subjects that need improvement. Microsoft Forms automatically provides charts to visualize your data as you collect responses in real time.

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Peer reviewed paper on the breathing system - covers the lungs biology, the lungs function, the lungs pathology with breathing disorders such as asthma, bronchitis and cystic fibrosis. Great article for students to carry out their own research for project/student inquiry following the NoS

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Peer reviewed paper on the breathing system - covers the lungs biology, the lungs function, the lungs pathology with breathing disorders such as asthma, bronchitis and cystic fibrosis. Great article for students to carry out their own research for project/student inquiry following the NoS

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Journal of Lung is a peer reviewd, open access journal dedicated for publishing and disseminating high-quality articles on all aspects of lung research. This scientific Journal provides essiential and novel information to readers & scholars in field. Its main aim is the development of scientific community internationally by publishing world class articles related to lung's functions, disorders, diagnosis and treatment. Original research articles, early reports, review articles, editorials and correspondence covering the prevention, epidemiology and etiology, basic biology, pathology, clinical assessment of lung are appropriate. Articles which are published in Journal of Lung support journal's goals to associate clinical physicians with the researchers.

Journal also consider manuscripts on all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of pulmonary and associated disorders, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology including Lungs Biology, Lungs Function, Lung Pathology, Lymphatics of Lung, Asthma, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Alveolar abnormalities, bronchitis, Cystic fibrosis, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary edema, Lung cancer, Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Occupational Lung Diseases,Interstitial lung disease, Pulmonary Hypertension, Respiratory Infections, Lung Transplantation.

You may submit your papers online as an e-mail attachment to editorial office at [email protected]

Lung is the sponge-like, perforated, elastic vascular organ, which is situated inside of the chest cavity covering most of the lower respiratory tracts. The most crucial task a lung performs is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. In doing so, lung absorbs oxygen and mixes with blood while, removes carbon dioxide outside of the body. From the lungs, oxygenate blood reaching all the cells and tissues of the body. Each lung is divided into lobes. The right lung has three, whereas the left lung has only two allowing room to accommodate the heart. When we breathe in, air flows through the nose or mouth down the throat and through the voice box down to the windpipe (trachea). Then the air enters the two main large airways (the right and left bronchial tubes). These large airways branch into smaller and smaller airways (bronchioles). Wrapped around the airways are muscles in a crisscross manner to each other. These are involuntary muscles and their exact purpose is yet to be known. Air continues through these small airways till it finally reaches the tiny balloon-like air sacs (alveoli). It is through these air sacs that the oxygen is taken into the blood.

Lungs are basically a sack of elastic tissue located below the rib cage and above the diaphragm. They are an important part of the respiratory system and assist in excretory waste management in the body. Breathing is one important part of the respiration which provides our bodies with a continuous supply of oxygen. Oxygen is the fuel of life which keeps us all alive. Oxygen enters our lungs as part of the air that we breathe. It goes to the blood vessels deep into our lungs and then spread towards all parts of our body. As our body uses oxygen, it makes a waste product called carbon dioxide. We get rid of carbon dioxide when we breathe out. Pathological examination of lung is the key element in the confirmatory diagnosis of a variety of malignant and non-malignant respiratory disorders, which directs the treatment paradigm accordingly. Research has contributed to important advances in the pathological diagnosis of these respiratory disorders. Complete overview of diagnostic procedures and pathological examination data helped the clinician in the decision-making process. Various published monographs have covered the pathology of neoplastic lung diseases, lung infections, obstructive and interstitial lung diseases, and pulmonary manifestations of systemic diseases. The lymphatic circulation is regarded as one among the vital components in lung biology in terms of health and disease. The lymphatic circulation received only little attention in pulmonary research category. Fluid homeostasis and host defense are reported to play critical roles for proper lung function. The main function of lymphatic circulations is to drain fluid from the tissues and then return it to the vascular circulatory system. The lymphatic circulation has a close association with the immune system of the body, as the lymphocytes and dendritic cells move through the lymphatic system to the lymphoid organs. The lymphatic system mainly comprises of a vasculature consisting of thin-walled capillaries as well as larger vessels by a layer of endothelial cells. Lymphatics structures are distinguished from those of the arterial and venous circulations by the absence of pericytes. Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways, which carry air in and out of lungs. In case of asthma, the inside walls of airway passage becomes sore and swollen. That makes them very sensitive, and they may react strongly to things that you are allergic to or find irritating. When your airways react, they get narrower and your lungs get less air. Asthma affects people of all ages, but it most often starts during childhood. In the United States, more than 25 million people are known to have asthma. About 7 million of these people are children. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an umbrella term usually used to describe progressive lung diseases like emphysema, chronic bronchitis, refractory (non-reversible) asthma, and also some forms of bronchiectasis. It is regarded as progressive because the disease gets worse over time, characterized by increase in breathlessness. The major causes of COPD could be categorized as long-term exposure to substances that irritate and damage the lungs which usually are cigarette smoke. Also air pollution, chemical fumes, or dust could be a reason. Cigarette smoking has always been the leading cause of COPD. Most people, who have COPD do smoke or used to smoke. However, 25 percent of people with COPD never smoked. Form them it could be long-term exposure to other lung irritants like air pollution, chemical fumes, or dusts. Alveolar abnormalities as the name suggest are changes in the tiny air sacs in the lungs called the alveoli. They are the pathways that allow oxygen to diffuse into the blood. These being very thin let oxygen move from the lungs to the blood vessels and for carbon dioxide to be removed from the blood vessels to the lungs. When these tiny sacs collapse, fuse together, or develop thickened linings (membranes), makes it difficult for oxygen to enter the blood. Bronchitis is termed to be an inflammation of the bronchial tubes-the airways that carry air to the lungs. The major concerned cause would be cough that often brings up mucus. Accompanied cause can also be shortness of breath, wheezing, a low fever, and chest tightness. There are two main types of bronchitis: acute and chronic. Most often, the viruses that cause a cold or the flu are also responsible to cause bronchitis. Sometimes, even bacteria are too blamed. But in both cases, as the body fights off the germs, and the bronchial tubes swell and make more mucus. Nearly an estimated of 5 percent bronchitis cases lead to pneumonia. Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder that causes severe damage to the lungs, digestive system and other organs in the body. CF affects the cells in patientâ€™s body that makes excess mucus, and digestive fluids. Normally, these are very sweat thin and slippery to keep systems in the body running smoothly but, in case of CF, they become thick and glue-like. This blocks tubes and ducts throughout your body. Over time, mucus builds up inside airways. This makes breathing a struggle. The mucus traps germs and leads to infections. It can also cause severe lung damage like cysts (fluid-filled sacs) and fibrosis (scar tissue). Itâ€™s caused by a mutation (change) in a single gene called the â€˜Cystic Fibrosis Trans-membrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR.)â€™. This controls the flow of salt and fluids in and out of cells. If the CFTR gene doesnâ€™t work like it should, sticky mucus builds up throughout the body. Pneumonia is commonly a complication of a respiratory infection, especially caused by flu but there are more than 30 different causes of the illness due to this. Older adults, children and people with chronic disease, including COPD and asthma are supposed to be at a high risk for pneumonia. It causes inflammation in the air sacs in the lungs, which are called alveoli, which gets filled with fluid or pus, making it difficult to breathe. Pneumonia usually gets affected after having a cold or the flu. These illnesses make it hard for the lungs to fight infection, so it is easier to get pneumonia. Having a long-term or chronic disease like asthma, heart disease, cancer, or diabetes are most likely to be affected by pneumonia. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease usually affects the lungs but, can also effect or damage the other parts of the body. Compared with other diseases caused due to a single infectious agent, tuberculosis is known to be the second biggest killer globally. Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB usually spreads through the air when a person with TB of the lungs or throat coughs, sneezes, or talks. More likely TB affects people with a weaker immune system. Just a few years ago TB was believed to be an old disease considered not as a threat in younger human beings but, reports on the early onset of TB has changed the scenario the older concept about TB. Such cases have been reported with coexistence of drug resistance and HIV, which opens up a new challenge in TB therapeutics. Pulmonary edema is a condition caused by excess fluid stack up in the lungs. This fluid aggregates in the numerous air sacs in the lungs, making it hard and difficult to breathe. In most cases, heart problems could be the leading cause for pulmonary edema but, fluid accumulation could be due several other reasons including pneumonia, exposure to certain toxins and medications, trauma to the chest wall, and exercising or living at high elevations. Pulmonary edema usually develops suddenly (acute pulmonary edema) is a medical emergency requiring immediate care. Treatment for pulmonary edema varies depending on the cause but generally includes supplemental oxygen and medications. Lung cancer and smoking are the two corners of a see saw, which go hand in hand. Passive exposure to tobacco smoke can also be a cause for pulmonary carcinoma. There are two types of lung cancer namely, small cell lung cancers (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). The stage of lung cancer is determined by the severity to which the cancer has spread in the body. As lung cancer stage advances, symptoms like coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, bloody mucus, becomes more expressive. The more cigarettes smoked per day and the earlier age to start smoking, the greater the risk of lung cancer. High levels of pollution, radiation and asbestos exposure may also increase risk. Treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a condition, in which fluid leaks into the lungs thus blocking oxygen from reaching organs. Fluid leaks from small blood vessels and piles up in the tiny air sacs in the lungs thus unable it to fill up with enough air. Infants most commonly have the tendency to have respiratory distress syndrome. Physicians are still trying to find out this condition and possible causal factors. Most people, who get ARDS are found to be admitted in the hospital coincide with other reasons, usually an injury or illness. It is a serious, sometimes life-threatening, and having the potency to become worse in less time. However, it is generally treatable and most people have been reported to recovered from it. Fast diagnosis and treatment are the most important advise physicians often suggest for the pathology. Occupational Lung Diseases (OLD) are most commonly caused due to the exposure to dust in the workplace associated with a variety of pulmonary and systemic illnesses. The term pneumoconiosis is derived from Greek and simply means â€˜dusty lungsâ€™. However, in addition to these other factors usually lifestyle, occupational exposures could also contribute to the development or worsening of common respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and lung cancer. In most cases, these are man-made cause diseases, resulting from inorganic dust exposure during mining, processing, or manufacturing. Interstitial lung disease is a general category on lungs illness that includes many different types of pathophysiology of lung. It could be characterized by the thickening of the supporting tissues between the air sacs of the lungs as the common factor. Interstitium are thin layer of tissue that normally appears as a fine lace on X-rays and imaging studies. It provides support to the lungs' microscopic air sacs in the form of tiny blood vessels traveling through the interstitium allows the gas exchange between blood and the air in the lungs. Interstitial lung disease is more common in people with autoimmune disease, including lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and scleroderma. Known to cause interstitial pneumonias are mostly by Bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Also regular exposures to inhaled irritants as a part of work or during hobbies can also be a reason for interstitial lung disease. Pulmonary Hypertension expressed in a simple terms as high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries or pulmonary capillaries when they are blocked, narrowed or destroyed. This makes harder for blood to flow through lungs, and raises pressure within pulmonary arteries. This also has an effect on the right side of the heart because as the pressure builds, heart's lower right chamber (right ventricle) works harder to pump blood through the lungs, eventually causing our heart muscle to weaken and fail. Occurrence of Pulmonary Hypertension doesnâ€™t have any barrier of ages, races, and ethnic backgrounds although it is much more common in young adults and is approximately twice as common in women as in men. The signs and symptoms of pulmonary hypertension in its early stages might not be noticeable for months or even years. Some noticeable symptoms are usually shortness of breath with everyday activities, such as climbing stairs. Fatigue, dizziness, and fainting spells also can be symptoms. Respiratory tract infection (RTI) is an infection that may interfere with normal breathing of a person. It can affect just your upper respiratory system, which starts at your sinuses and ends at your vocal chords. Lower respiratory system are also at a high risk of Infection, starting at the vocal chords and ends at the lungs. In simple words RTIâ€™s are any infection of the sinuses, throat, airways or lungs. They're usually caused by viruses, but bacteria can also be the cause. The common cold is the most widespread RTI. This infection is particularly dangerous for children, older adults, and people with immune system disorders. Lung transplantation is an accepted modality of treatment at the advanced stage lung disease or failing lung with a healthy lung, usually from a deceased donor. A lung transplant is reserved for people, who have been tried on other medications or treatments, but their conditions haven't sufficiently improved. Since the early 1990s, more than 25,000 lung transplants have been performed at centres around the world. Depending on the medical condition, a lung transplant may involve replacing one of the lungs or both of them. At times, the lungs may be transplanted along with the donor heart. While, a lung transplant is a major operation that can involve many complications, it can improve your health and quality of life.

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Journal of Lung is a peer reviewd, open access journal dedicated for publishing and disseminating high-quality articles on all aspects of lung research. This scientific Journal provides essiential and novel information to readers & scholars in field. Its main aim is the development of scientific community internationally by publishing world class articles related to lung's functions, disorders, diagnosis and treatment.

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Breathing rate increases with exercise - students can make a relation here to the circulatory system as heart rate also increases with breathing rate 

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Breathing rate increases with exercise - students can make a relation here to the circulatory system as heart rate also increases with breathing rate 

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The Breathing System worksheet - student inquired

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The Breathing System worksheet - student inquired

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A graph of how our breathing rate increases with different scenarios.

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A graph of how our breathing rate increases with different scenarios.

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Article on how Yoga (a form of exercise) affect the breathing rate of someone with bronchial asthma

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Article on how Yoga (a form of exercise) affect the breathing rate of someone with bronchial asthma

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Students have covered how exercise affects breathing rate and asthma so this is a good article for students to analyse and study the relationships between the two.

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Article on asthma students can use for research project on breathing disorders. (contains stats etc., easy to follow)

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Article on asthma students can use for research project on breathing disorders. (contains stats etc., easy to follow)

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Summary

Background

Systematic international comparisons of the prevalences of asthma and other allergic disorders in children are needed for better understanding of their global epidemiology, to generate new hypotheses, and to assess existing hypotheses of possible causes. We investigated worldwide prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and atopic.

Methods

We studied 463 801 children aged 13-14 years in 155 collaborating centres in 56 countries. Children self-reported, through one-page questionnaires, symptoms of these three atopic disorders. In 99 centres in 42 countries, a video asthma questionnaire was also used for 304 796 children.

Findings

We found differences of between 20-fold and 60-fold between centres in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and atopic eczema, with four-fold to 12-fold variations between the 10th and 90th percentiles for the different disorders. For asthma symptoms, the highest 12-month prevalences were from centres in the UK, Australia, New Zealand, and Republic of Ireland, followed by most centres in North, Central, and South America; the lowest prevalences were from centres in several Eastern European countries, Indonesia, Greece, China, Taiwan, Uzbekistan, India, and Ethiopia. For allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, the centres with the highest prevalences were scattered across the world. The centres with the lowest prevalences were similar to those for asthma symptoms. For atopic eczema, the highest prevalences came from scattered centres, including some from Scandinavia and Africa that were not among centres with the highest asthma prevalences; the lowest prevalence rates of atopic eczema were similar in centres, as for asthma symptoms.

Interpretation

The variation in the prevalences of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and atopic-eczema symptoms is striking between different centres throughout the world. These findings will form the basis of further studies to investigate factors that potentially lead to these international patterns.

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Worldwide variation in prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and atopic eczema: ISAAC

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Systematic international comparisons of the prevalences of asthma and other allergic disorders in children are needed for better understanding of their global epidemiology, to generate new hypotheses, and to assess existing hypotheses of possible causes. We investigated worldwide prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and atopic.

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Clear labelled diagram of the breathing system -  help visualisation when covering topic as a class

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Clear labelled diagram of the breathing system -  help visualisation when covering topic as a class

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Clear labelled diagram of the breathing system 

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Clear labelled diagram of the breathing system 

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Gaseous exchange by the process of diffusion (help visualisation)

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Gaseous exchange by the process of diffusion (help visualisation)

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Exhalation - a good way to visualise how the diaphragm + chest cavity move when exhaling 

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Exhalation - a good way to visualise how the diaphragm + chest cavity move when exhaling 

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Inhalation - a good way to visualise how the diaphragm + chest cavity move when inhaling 

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Inhalation - a good way to visualise how the diaphragm + chest cavity move when inhaling 

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Asthmatic bronchiole vs normal bronchiole 

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Asthmatic bronchiole vs normal bronchiole 

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Blank diagram of breathing system - this can be used after covering the parts of the breathing system to see what theory the students have retained, or it can be used for a question in a test

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Blank diagram of breathing system - this can be used after covering the parts of the breathing system to see what theory the students have retained, or it can be used for a question in a test

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The Role of the Diaphragm - this video will help students to visualise how the diaphragm oved during inhalation/exhalation 

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The Role of the Diaphragm - this video will help students to visualise how the diaphragm oved during inhalation/exhalation 

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respiratory system-7 role of diaphragm in breathing

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Gas Exchange Video, this will help visualise theory 

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Gas Exchange Video, this will help visualise theory 

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GCSE Biology - Gas Exchange and Lungs (2026/27 exams)

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Link to BW7 - Students should be able to describe respiration and photosynthesis as both chemical and biological processes; investigate factors that affect respiration and photosynthesis

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Link to BW7 - Students should be able to describe respiration and photosynthesis as both chemical and biological processes; investigate factors that affect respiration and photosynthesis

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The learning outcome BW4 links to BW7 through the topic of respiration. Respiration is the release of energy from food which is discussed in the chapter of the breathing system. Respiration produces carbon dioxide which the body needs to excrete. The student will learn that the carbon dioxide that is produced in respiration will be excreted by gaseous exchange through the process of diffusion.

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Link to BW6 - Students should be able to evaluate how human health is affected by inherited factors and environmental factors including nutrition; lifestyle choices; examine the role of micro-organisms in human health.

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Link to BW6 - Students should be able to evaluate how human health is affected by inherited factors and environmental factors including nutrition; lifestyle choices; examine the role of micro-organisms in human health.

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BW4 links to BW6 as we cover how to maintain a healthy respiratory system in this chapter (e.g., do not smoke). We discuss lifestyle choices, inherited factors and environmental factors that affect our breathing. for example, the breathing disorder asthma is covered in this chapter where we discuss how it can be inherited and external factors ha may cause an asthma attack e.g., pollen. From learning about the breathing system it will help the students make more informed decisions to live a healthy lifestyle. it will also help them to appreciate and value their health and their bodies more.

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Link to NoS7 - Students should be able to organise and communicate their research and investigate findings in a variety of ways fit for purpose and audience, using relevant scientific terminology and representations. 

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Link to NoS7 - Students should be able to organise and communicate their research and investigate findings in a variety of ways fit for purpose and audience, using relevant scientific terminology and representations. 

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When carrying out the unit of learning on BW4 students will be assigned task work, a research project and they will have to carry out experiments. When doing this students will have to use their communication and investigations skills. They will have to analyze their data likewise to NoS4 and see what is valuable. They will put the scientific terminology they have been learning into practice by using it in their presentations or during class discussion. They will also use representations to help to explain their work such as diagrams of the breathing system/how the diaphragm moves during inhalation/exhalation.

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Link to NoS4 - Students should be able to produce and select data (qualitatively/quantitively), critically analyze data to identify patterns and relationships, identify anomalous observations, draw and justify conclusions. 

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Link to NoS4 - Students should be able to produce and select data (qualitatively/quantitively), critically analyze data to identify patterns and relationships, identify anomalous observations, draw and justify conclusions. 

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BW4 links to NoS4 as students need to critically analyze data to identify patterns. For example, when carrying out the experiment to see how exercise affects your breathing rate students needs to be able to calculate results and come to a conclusion through analyzing the data (exercise increases breathing rate). Students also need to be able to select data, both qualitatively and quantitively while carrying out the research project on breathing disorders. They need to be able to determine what information is valuable and reliable etc. Students also need to be able to see the relationships between the different systems such as the breathing system and the circulatory system as the lungs oxygenate the blood.

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Describe -  Develop a detailed picture or image of, for example, a structure or a process; using words or diagrams where appropriate; produce a plan, simulation or model.
EaS1 EaS4 EaS5 CW2 CW3 PW7  BW2 BW4  BW7

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Students should be able to describe the structure, function and interactions of the organs of the (human digestive, circulatory) and respiratory systems.

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The Respiratory System - a good introduction video to the topic to gain students attention + set a goof foundation 

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The Respiratory System - a good introduction video to the topic to gain students attention + set a goof foundation 

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Respiratory System - Introduction | Physiology | Biology | FuseSchool

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Science Collaborative Planning Document - interactive (1)

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NoS4 NoS7 BW6 BW7

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Article on heat and moisture exchangers and breathing system filters: their use in anaesthesia and intensive care. (this has some good point that students can use when studying breathing disorders)

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Article on heat and moisture exchangers and breathing system filters: their use in anaesthesia and intensive care. (this has some good point that students can use when studying breathing disorders)