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Isaac (Ideation): I would have Isaac on the team to come up with creative ideas to implement the innovation

Sheila (Strategic): Sheila would take the ideas that Isaac came up with and create different strategies to approach implementation.

Daisy (Developer): I would have Daisy on the team to take the strategies that Sheila came up with and develop a plan for implementation.

Fernando (Focus): Fernando would ensure that the team stays on task and would handle the logistics of setting up the plan at the facility.

Alice (Achiever): Alice would be in charge of executing the plan for the implementation and ensuring everything goes smoothly.

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My Strengths:
Includer
Context
Relator
Responsibility
Developer

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1. 3D printing can be expensive and while steps are being made, at this point insurance will not cover it (Baskaran et al., 2016).

2. Restriction of material choices, which can limit product color, strength, and durability (Baskaran et al., 2016).

3. It can take hours to days to finish a 3D printing, and in emergent cases, the doctors would not have time to wait that long (Baskaran et al., 2016).

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1. Link to Video of the 3D Printing of an Aortic Valve

https://youtu.be/ZbXbyt9QFrg

2. Photo of the 3D Printed Valve with Structures Identified

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Researchers at the University of Minnesota, with help from Medtronic, have developed a 3D printing technology that can make an exact model of a patient's aortic heart valve. They achieve this by taking a computed tomography (CT) scan of the patient's heart and generating the scan into stereolithography files which are then used for the 3D printing. Once the patient-specific valve has been printed, it gives the  cardiologists an accurate look at the valve they will be replacing via transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). This is very advantageous because it can show the doctors potential complications they might encounter as well as provide useful structural information on the valve. These include: challenging anatomy, valve size, extent of disease, valve position, and implantation depth. While the proof of concept still needs to be verified and approved, this innovation could lead to a significant improvement in outcomes for patients undergoing TAVR procedures (Haghiashtiani et al., 2020).

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August 28, 2020

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Authors:
1. Ghazaleh Haghiashtiani
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota
2. Kaiyan Qiu
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota
3. Jorge D. Zhingre Sanchez
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota
4. Zachary J. Fuenning
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota
5. Pria Nair
Medtronic, Mounds View, MN
6. Sarah E. Ahlberg
Medtronic, Mounds View, MN
7. Paul A. Iaizzo
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Surgery, Institute for Engineering in Medicine,  University of Minnesota
8. Michael C. McAlpine
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of Minnesota

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I believe that this innovation could be a tremendous breakthrough for cardiac surgery. The ability to examine and test the heart before surgery is a great advantage in pre-operative planning and should lead to improved patient outcomes. If researchers can figure out a way to lower costs, 3D printing may become a staple in medicine (Haghiashtiani et al., 2020).

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1. Allows cardiologists to visualize the heart they will be operating on, allowing for concise planning for the procedure (Haghiashtiani et al., 2020).

2. Gives accurate details of the heart, such as size and depth of the valve and structural details such as calcifications and aortic wall thickness (Haghiashtiani et al., 2020).

3. Allows tests to be run beforehand on the valve, such as the simulation of blood flow through the valve and placement of the new valve (Haghiashtiani et al., 2020).

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Haghiashtiani, G., Qiu, K., Sanchez, J., Fuenning, Z., Nair, P., Ahlberg, S., . . . McAlpine, M. (2020, August 28). 3D printed patient-specific aortic root models with internal sensors for minimally invasive applications. Science Advances, 6, 35. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abb4641

Baskaran, V., Štrkalj, G., Štrkalj, M., & Di Ieva, A. (2016). Current Applications and Future Perspectives of the Use of 3D Printing in Anatomical Training and Neurosurgery. Frontiers in neuroanatomy, 10, 69. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2016.00069