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Back translation
Comprehensive
Faithful
The effectiveness of translation depends on the translator's vocabulary, knowledge of idiomatic expressions and culture. If a person knows everything stated above at the high level, then he/she shouldn't have any problems with translation and can translate everything, or paraphrase if some words/idioms are untranslatable.

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What are the criteria for a “good translation”?

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What are the criteria for a “good translation”?

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1. Correctly conveys the metaphorical and/or cultural meaning if present. For example, some idioms are not completely translatable but have analogues across cultures.
2. The language remains in similar quality, i. e. advanced literary vocab wouldn't change into basic post translation unless it is intended.
3. Can also show the "raw" words as close to the original. Essentially, understanding the language to a broad extent.

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In my point of view translate something word by word could not be counted as the good translation , but ability to express the information and amotions of the passage

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In my point of view translate something word by word could not be counted as the good translation , but ability to express the information and amotions of the passage

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Conveys the message of the original text.
Translation shouldn't be direct, it must be interpreted.
Understand idiomatic expressions and reflect on the translation appropriately.
2) We can effectively translate knowledge from one language to another by understanding the meaning, main message and authors intensions in the text. since, it would give better understanding of the context that would be helpful for the translator to deliver the message correctly.

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1. Awareness of the Evolution of Language.
Area of Specialization.
Attention to Detail.
2. Depends on how close the two cultures are and how similar their languages.

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To have a good translation we need to translate meaning but not the words. Also, if you translate a language to another and you know both, then it will be more comfortable.
However, there should be an agreement between translators, since many translatings have different meaning, but with one official translate it will be more understandable.

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1) an ability to translate not actual meaning of the given data, but to translate rhetorically, metaphorically, convey the author 's mood and adapt, for example, wordplays and other language techniques. Along with that, you have to understand the initial meaning of the text in order to not mislead those who will read your translation.

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Good translators should know the context of the speech or documents, before translating. Also, translators should know a lot of idiomatic expressions, metaphors and so on of foreign language/s.

In my opinion, we can translate knowledge effectively. But, it depends on how good is translator to understand what that guy meant to say.

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What are the criteria for a “good translation”?

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What are the criteria for a “good translation”?

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- Be specific
- Conveys the meaning of the text
- Can give a precise meaning to the slangs, idiomatic expressions and other stable combination of words.
- Carries the sense and atmosphere of the original text
-  Follows all language rules and spelling rules.
- Contains a right and good analysis of the meaning in the target language
- Faithfulness
- Comprehensive
- Back translation

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As it seems to me, it is not very effective to translate from one language to another, since every language have not only different words, but also different meanings, grammar, expression, which of course affect to the understanding of trenslate.

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1. Knowing the context
2. Translating the message, not the words

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1. - Conway a message of the text correctly by understanding meaning.
- Use of idioms should be suited with the given context
- correct use of words, punctuation and grammar.

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2) We can quite effectively translate knowledge from majority of languages to another part of this majority. However, there are some languages which are not explored enough to translate them. Also, most of languages have unique words, which cannot be translated but explained. For example, 侘寂 (Wabi-Sabi) (Japanese) is an ability to see something beautiful in imperfection.

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-The translation should not be direct, but interpreted.
-It is necessary to convey the meaning of what the author wrote, that is, to convey the message of the text.
-For a good translation, you need to know both languages, understand idiomatic expressions and word combinations.
-You need to translate the meaning of the text or word, but not the word itself.
-The translation should convey the same atmosphere as the original text.
-You should have upgraded vocabulary.

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To what extent can we effectively translate knowledge from one language to another?

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To what extent can we effectively translate knowledge from one language to another?

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We can translate knowledge from one language to another, but not so effectively, even by understanding the message from original text. Since, there are some untranslatable words that can not be directly translated to another language only in one word. For instance, in Russian language, there is not translation to the Indonesian word "Jayus" which is a joke so unfunny that becomes funny. It means that it such words require you translate it using length paragraphs that might disrupt the context's message. Another thing is that information can be lost during translation. Translation can not be perfect, in other words, there is always something lost when we translate it to another language. As an example, we can consider the translation of Gospel chapters, some of them in translation have written that the Christ has given his life to us and we have to do the same thing to other believers, while some of them have written that we have to give our lives just to others. We do not know which translation is right, because some information was lost and have to decide which translation are we gonna consider right.

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To what extent can we effectively translate knowledge from one language to another?

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To what extent can we effectively translate knowledge from one language to another?

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We can effectively translate knowledge from one language to another, using knowledge of both languages, understanding idiomatic expressions and phrases. And you also need to convey the atmosphere, message and meaning of the author of the original text. But this is possible if we know both languages perfectly. So I only half agree that we can effectively translate words or texts from one language to another. Since each language has its own untranslatable words, own culture and the meaning of their words. We can always lose the meaning or one word when translating, which will completely change the meaning or message of the author, and then it will be a completely different text. However if you translate one word, it will be easier to do, but it is possible that in the language into which you translate the words, there is simply no suitable word. In conclusion, I want to say that we can effectively translate knowledge from one language to another only if the translator is very good and can convey the meaning and atmosphere of what person wanted to say.

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To what extent can we effectively translate knowledge from one language to another?

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To what extent can we effectively translate knowledge from one language to another?

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If a translation would focus on the poetical aspect, it will lose out on the "direct" , therefore some qualities are mutually exclusive. The effectiveness depends on the context, for example you wouldnt need to use some advanced deep words for a technical instruction.

I also think this extent relates to linguistic proximity, allowing for its translations to retain the grammatical structure, word for word and poetical meanings if the languages are simillar.

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What are the criteria for a "good translation"?
A good translation takes into account and reflects the style and vocabulary of the author and takes into account the meaning and purpose of the source text, as well as the best ways to convey them in the target language.
It is also important to pay attention to the translation. The original text must be translated in full, without missing a single word or sentence, but it must be grammatically correct and not contain spelling errors.

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In my eyes, the criteria for "a good translation" is understanding of the context  of the language from which a translator translating particular piece of work. We cannot translate word to word because the tanslated work loses the meaning of the original one.

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In my eyes, the criteria for "a good translation" is understanding of the context  of the language from which a translator translating particular piece of work. We cannot translate word to word because the tanslated work loses the meaning of the original one.

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All languages ​​have exceptions due to their differences and different cultures. For example, how verbal turns and not all words lend themselves to phonetic rules, such as night, dumb, which are read differently, with a certain context.

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To what extent can we effectively translate knowledge from one language to another?
We cannot translate a knowledg effectively if we do not have a clear understanding of its content. Effectivel translation should capture any nuances, emotion and convicton present in the source and understand the underlying motivation and values.