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There are a lot of ways we can put an end to oil fracking, just one example is adding laws and regulations that are clear, strict, and heavily enforced. This would be a very large help because the industry is very largely unregulated so even just adding regulations would make all the larger a difference. Bills have been introduced in 2017 but have made little to no progress. Some states, such as Maryland and New York have gone even as far as banning fracking in their states all together.

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Although it is going to be near impossible and a hard road to reverse the damage we have caused, we can slow down the rates at which we are causing the damage by using alternative clean energies. This means to continue developing and implementing renewable power sources, and improving energy efficiency. In fact, in the past 40 years these two things have contributed more to our countries energy needs than any oil fracking or even nuclear energy.

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The Damaging Affects On The Anthroposphere

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The Damaging Affects On The Anthroposphere

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For fracking to happen, there needs to be intense industrial development. In addition to potential air and water pollution, the infrastructure fragments rural landscapes, forests and demolishes important wildlife habitats. A study in West Virginia showed that when fracking liquid sprayed over the forest, more than half of the trees died within 2 years. Along with this, In Northwestern Colorado, they found that fracking operations had gotten rid of half the animals crucial winter habitat.

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Oil burning and consumption is already a well known cause of climate change and air pollution, and fracking is not immune to this issue. The process of Fracking is being attributed to a massive increase in the level of methane in the atmosphere within the past 10 years, as well as releasing a number of other chemicals and types of dust into the air, speeding up the warming of our planet and creating smog that locals to the area breathe in. This poor air quality can lead to a multitude of lung problems and illnesses.

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Scientists have been noticing an "unprecedented increase" in earthquakes. They have also realized that fracking is the thing to blame. The pressure from the fluid causing these fractures have also been causing human-induced earthquakes. Some of these earthquakes have already caused property damage and injuries.

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Fracking's Water Consumption and Contamination

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Fracking's Water Consumption and Contamination

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Fracking uses a multitude of chemicals within the fracking fluid, typically only known by the company doing the fracking and often poorly disclosed when necessary. These chemicals can leak into local water supplies and cause problems for both human and animal life. The chemicals used are most often not fit for human or animal consumption and water contamination can highly pollute natural water sources. These leaks typically occur through poor waste management and disposal, but occasionally through their dumping sites as well. Beyond leaks fracking consumes massive amounts of water and after use this water is removed from the freshwater cycle due to its level of contamination. This can be terrible for places that already have low levels of fresh water.

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Fracking fluid is made up of 97% water and sand. The other 3% is made up of various different chemicals. Only the companies truthfully know what chemicals are being used but in general we know that there are around 1,084 in use and most all of them are harmful to humans and animals.

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Oil fracking is used because it allows for access to oil in deep sedimentary rock that normal drilling wouldn't be able to reach. By doing this, even though fracking is far more expensive per barrel it is considered worth doing when oil companies are doing well because of its ability to reach difficult oil.

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Denchak, Melissa. "Fracking 101." NDRC, Natural Resources Defense Council, 19 Apr. 2019, www.nrdc.org/stories/fracking-101.

Leahy, Stephen. "Fracking boom tied to methane spike in Earth’s atmosphere." National Geographic, National Geographic, 15 Aug. 2019, www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/fracking-boom-tied-to-methane-spike-in-earths-atmosphere.

Meng, Qingmin. "Science of the Total Environment." ELSEVIER, 13 Dec. 2016, pp. 1-5, www.unco.edu/nhs/biology/about-us/franklin-scott/lab/images/Meng2017.pdf.

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The whole process starts with drilling a long vertical/angled well, that extends into a mile or more into the earth. Once it reaches the oil/natural gas, it turns horizontal and extends 1000's of feet. Pipes will then be inserted so that fracking fluid* can be pumped in. This causes the surrounding rock to fracture and the oil/gas to flow to the surface.

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How Does Oil Fracking Affect The Carbon Cycle?

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How Does Oil Fracking Affect The Carbon Cycle?

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There are a multitude of layers on how Oil Fracking effects the environment and the carbon cycle. One of the biggest issues you may be able to think of off the top of your head can be how these natural gasses and oil burning are causing the acceleration of climate change. Rising the temperatures and causing the Greenhouse effect. But that is only just touching the surface of how it is disrupting the planet.

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Oil Fracking, also known as Hydraulic Fracking is a technique used to help with the extraction of oil or natural gas from impermeable rock formations that lock in said resources.