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The name Laguna refers to the Laguna de Bay, which is the largest inland body of water in the Philippines, forming this province's northern boundary. It was conquered by Spain in 1571 and the city of Sta. Cruz became its capital in 1852. Laguna was one of the first provinces to rise and revolt against Spain. This is also the birth province of Dr. Jose Rizal, specifically in Calamba.

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Laguna belongs to Region IV-A CALABARZON along with provinces such as Cavite, Batangas, Rizal, and Quezon.

It has an area of 1,917.85 square kilometers (740.49 sq mi) and its capital is Santa Cruz.

It contains 6 cities: Binan, Cabuyao, Calamba, San Pablo, San Pedro, and Santa Rosa

and 24 municipalities: Alaminos, Bay, Calauan, Famy, Kalayaan, Liliw, Los Banos, Luisiana, Lumban, Mabitac, Magdalena, Majayjay, Nagcarlan, Paete, Pagsanjan, Pakil, Pangil, Pila, Rizal, Sta. Cruz, Santa Maria, Siniloan, and Victoria.

The terrain of this province is mountainous and hilly in the east, and lowland in the west.

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According to the 2015 census, there are approximately 3,035,081 people living in this province. This also makes it the 3rd largest out of 81 provinces.

Majority of the population here speak Tagalog and a small percentage speak Ilocano, Bicol, or Waray. There is also some variety of ethnic groups.

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The province of Laguna is known to be one of the richest provinces of this country, wherein a cause may be its location next to Metro Manila. Unfortunately, economic development here is unbalanced due to the western part acting as a catch basin to the industrialization of Metro Manila and the eastern part remaining agricultural.

The major industries in Laguna are Agriculture and Manufacturing, with its major products being rice, coconut, vehicles, and electronics

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Pagsanjan Falls is one of the most well-known waterfalls in the Philippines and the waterfall part is under jurisdiction of Cavinti while the river part is part of Pagsanjan.

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Bahay ni Rizal or the Rizal Shrine is a 2-story stone house which is the replica of Jose Rizal's birthplace. It is located around a hundred meters away from Calamba's town plaza.

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Mount Makiling is a dormant volcano over 1,090 m above mean sea level located south of Laguna de Bay. This is one of the top hiking spots in the Philippines enriched with plant and animal diversity.

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This is also known as the "Mother of Harvest Festival" and celebrated for a week annually during March in the capital of Laguna, Sta. Cruz. This is centered on the expression of appreciation for the income created by their tourism attractions unique to Laguna. Different activities such as float contests, music and dance competitions, and parades happen during this celebration.

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Delicacies include buko pie, kesong puti, espasol, cassava cake, uraro, bibingka, and ube!

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An article by the Global Environment Facility states that a third of the fish is supplied to the people of Metro Manila comes from Laguna de Bay. However, pollution that arose from sewage and industrial waste, over-fishing, and erosion is causing problems for this body of water. A ranking of "C" for the water quality and "F" for fisheries (A-F, F being the worst) has been given by the Laguna Lake Development Authority. Nutrient pollution is the major issue caused by this issue, posing a harmful effect to the life within this body of water, thus involving the 14th Sustainable Development Goal.

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According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, an excess of nitrogen and phosphorous entering the water has the ability to cause pollution. This causes algae to grow faster, which then harmfully affects the quality of water, food sources, and habitats. This also decreases the oxygen required by aquatic life in order to survive, causing death and illness to large numbers of fish, which was observed in Laguna de Bay. The pollutants that reached this specific lake are said to come from run-off of farmland treated with fertilizers, detergents, and untreated sewage.

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Not only does this issue affect the environment and economy, but this may impact our health as well. As a human and citizen of this province, I am concerned about my well-being and we should face this problem that may cause other issues to arise. WE can do this by making more responsible and ecofriendly decisions when it comes to the actions we perform, such as proper disposal of trash, management of waste, or even volunteering for outreach programs.

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Run-off is a factor that can cause nutrient pollution in the ecosystem, due to it containing pesticides, nutrients, and sediments. Administering reasonable tillage practices, such as conservation tillage and rotation tillage methods, can cause a significant improvement on surface roughness, thus reducing runoff emissions, cutting it off from the source. Conservation tillage is a practice that includes no-till, strip till, ridge till, and mulch till systems that can effectively protect soil from erosion and improve soil structure. Conservation tillage is effective for reducing the nitrogen in the run-off, however rotation tillage has the ability to reduce the phosphorous in run-off, thus requiring both methods to be used.

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In relation to the previous issue, it is mentioned that the people living on the lake shores of Laguna de Bay are known to be informal settlers whose households do not contain the proper sanitation facilities. This then leads them to discharge their raw sewage and waste into the lake, adding to the nutrient pollution. Laguna Bay is a multi use water resource such as a source of irrigation water, animal feed, and domestic water supply. Thus, tainting this lake will certainly lead to some harmful outcomes.

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The improper disposal of raw sewage and solid waste can lead to exposure of this contamination to us humans causing numerous serious health effects. Human pathogens are carried by sewage such as cholera, typhoid, and dysentery which can be life-threatening to us. There are also possibilities of obtaining several diseases from this contamination such as schistosomiasis, hepatitis A, and intestinal nematode infections. It is estimated by the World Health Organization that 1.5 million preventable deaths per year result from unsafe water, inadequate sanitation, or hygiene and they occur mostly in young children.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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The answer is simply prevention. Resolving this issue has the potential to prevent diseases and deaths from occurring and spreading. Not everyone has the luxury of facilities or equipment to dispose their waste, therefore the government must be able to disseminate resources for these unfortunate citizens.

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Composting toilets are dry toilets which utilize a predominantly aerobic processing system that treats human excretion. Little to no water is required for this to function therefore it is suitable to be used in locations that lack the access to treatment facilities and proper sewerage connections. Using this toilet to turn human excrement into a useful compost will ensure a more sanitary and healthier environment.

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Majayjay, Laguna - The original hometown of our family

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THANK YOU for taking the time to read the padlet I have created.

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https://peoplaid.com/2019/03/05/laguna-province-history/

https://www.islandsproperties.com/places/laguna.htm

https://guidetothephilippines.ph/articles/what-to-
experience/best-laguna-tourist-spots

https://www.crownasia.com.ph/news-and-blogs/lifestyle-blogs/selected/the-best-festivals-in-the-province-of-laguna

https://research.lpubatangas.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/JTHR-Famous-Delicacies.pdf

https://www.thegef.org/news/battling-pollution-philippinese28099-largest-lake

https://www.epa.gov/nutrientpollution/issue

https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13765-020-0493-6

https://sarep.ucdavis.edu/sustainable-ag/conservation-tillage

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/composting-toilet

https://www.worstpolluted.org/projects_reports/display/63

https://llda.gov.ph/ldb-and-its-tributaries/

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Laguna is a province of CaLaBaRZon or Region 4-A, Philippines.

Profile of Laguna Province (Geography)
Location -> Southern Tagalog Region, Philippines (See map below)
Neighboring Provinces -> Rizal, Quezon, Batangas, Cavite
Capital -> Santa Cruz
Area -> 1,917.85 km2 (740.49 sq mi)
Population -> 3,035,081 (2015 census), 3rd largest out of 81 provinces
Terrain -> Mountainous and hilly in the east, lowland in the west
Industries -> Agriculture, Manufacturing
Major Products -> Rice, Coconut, Other fruits and Vegetables, Vehicles, Electronics, Other manufactured items
People/Language -> Tagalog, Various ethnic groups

Cities -> (6) Binan, Cabuyao, Calamba, San Pablo, San Pedro, Santa Rosa
Municipalities (Towns) -> (24) Alaminos, Bay, Calauan, Cavinti, Famy, Kalayaan, Liliw, Los Banos, Luisiana, Lumban, Mabitac, Magdalena, Majayjay, Nagcarlan, Paete, Pagsanjan, Pakil, Pangil, Pila, Rizal, Sta. Cruz, Santa Maria, Siniloan, Victoria

Government Officials
Governor -> Ramil Hernandez
Vice Governor -> Katherine Agapay
Representative (1st District) -> Danilo Ramon S. Fernandez
Representative (2nd District) -> Ruth Mariano-Hernandez
Representative (3rd District) -> Marisol C. Aragones-Sampelo
Representative (4th District) -> Benjamin C. Agarao, Jr.
Representative (5th District - Binan) -> Marlyn Alonte
Representative (6th District - Calamba) -> Joaquin Chipeco Jr.
Provincial Board Members (Sangguniang Panlalawigan or SP Members)
Rene Ann Lourdes Matibag - 1st District
Magtangol Jose Carait III
Abigael Alonte
Christian Niño Lajara - 2nd District
Peewee Perez
Neptali Bagnes
Jovita Alarva - 3rd District
Alejandro Yu
Maria Jamina Katherine Agarao - 4th District
Rai-Ann Agustine San Luis

Towards the end of the 16th Century, the colonization of the province by the Spaniards was complete with many parishes established along the shore of Laguna Lake from where the province got its name. The town of Bay was the capital of the province until 1688, when it was moved to Pagsanjan and later in 1852, to Sta. Cruz.

Laguna was one of the centers of the sugar industry even during the colonial times and many "hacienderos" became very rich. One of them was the family of Jose Rizal who came from the town and now city of Calamba.

As one of the eight provinces to join the revolution against Spain in 1896, Laguna is represented in rays of the sun on the Philippine Flag.

Go here to see all the famous people from Laguna Province.

Go here to see all the candidates and results of laguna 2019 election.

Read the history of Laguna Province here.

Laguna is one of the richest provinces in the Philippines. Thanks to its location next to Metro Manila. However, the economic development of the province is so unbalanced with the western part acting as a catch basin to the spillover of urbanization and industrialization of Metro Manila. On the other hand, the eastern part remains an agricultural area.

Photo above shows handicraft products of Liliw - a municipality in the eastern part of the province.

The former sugar plantations has been converted into subdivisions, townships, and industrial estates. Santa Rosa is now considered as the Detroit of the Philippines due to the concentration of vehicle manufacturers while the town Los Banos, the location of the University of the Philippines (UP) and the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), remains the center of agricultural research.

RELATED: Profile of Isabela Province
See also: List of Philippine Provinces and Capital by Region
Laguna Province Map

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Laguna Province History, Geography, Economy - PeoPlaid Profile

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Laguna is a province of CaLaBaRZon or Region 4-A, Philippines.