# data[].attributes.body
*Main circuit board of the system unit,that contains integrated circuits.
Function:
*Hold many components of the system.
*Provides connectors for other peripherals.

# data[].attributes.body
Basic Component of Motherboard:
*Processor slot:sloton motherboard that houses a CPU and forms the electrical interface with the CPU.
*Adapter card slot:slot on the motherboard that can hold adapter card.
*Memory slot:slot on motherboard that hold memory modules.

# data[].attributes.body
*Also called the central processing unit(CPU),interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer.
*CPU speeds is measured in Gigahertz(GHz)
Component of processor
1)Contol unit
2)Arithmetic

# data[].attributes.body
*The component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.
*The control unit interprets each instructions issued by a program and then initiates the apropriate action to carry out the instructions.

# data[].attributes.body
*Doen not lose its content.
*when power is removed from the computer.
*Permanent and cannot modified
Nonvolatile Memory:ROM
*Refers to memory chip storing permanent data and instruction
*Cannot be modified
Types of rom
1)PROM(Programmable Read Only Memory)
is a blank ROM chip on which a programmer can write permanently
2)EPROM(Erasable Read Only Memory)
These chip can be erased and rewritten a number of times.
3)EEPROM(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read only Memory)
allows a programmer to erase the microcode with an electric signal

# data[].attributes.body
*When the computer power is turned off,volatile memory loses its contents.
*Volatile memory is temporary
3 Bacic types of ram
1)DRAM(Dynamic RAM)
chips must be          reernergized constantly or they lost their contents
2)SRAM(Static RAM)
chips are faster and more reliable than any variation of DRAM chips
3)MRAM(Magnetoresistive RAM)
A newer type of RAM that can stores data using magnetic charges instead of electrical charges

# data[].attributes.body
*The operations performed by the CPU to execute any instruction.
*For each instruction, a processor repeats a set of 4 basic operation
Step 1(Fetch):the control unit obtains the math problem instructions and data from memory
Step 2(Decode):the control unit translates the math problem instructions and send the instructions dand data to ALU.
Step 3(Execute):the ALU performs calculations on the data
Step 4(Store):the results of the math problem are stored in memory(RAM)

# data[].attributes.body
*Memory consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor,data needed those instructions,and the result of processing data.
Types of memory
*Volatile
*Nonvolatile

# data[].attributes.body
*Performs arithmetic,comparison and other operations.
*Arithmetic operations include basic calculations such as addition,multiplication ,subsraction and division.
*Comparison(logical) operation involve comparing one data item with another to determine whether the first item is greater than,equal to or less than the other item.

# data[].attributes.body
*any hardware component allows user to enter data and instructions into computer
*voice input:process of entering input by speaking into a microphone.
*audio input:process of entering any sound into the computer
*video input:process of capturing full motion images.

# data[].attributes.body
-flash memory chips are a tyoe of solid state media and contain no moving parts.
Example:
1)Solid State Drives
2)Memory card-removable flash memory device that you insert and remove from a slot in a computer or card reader.
3)USB flash drives-plug into a USB port on a computer or mobile device.

# data[].attributes.body
Function:contains keys user press to enter data and instructions into a computer.
Type:
1)desktop computer keyboard
2)keyboard for mobile device
3)keyboard ergonomics-designated with ergonomic considerations to minimize muscle strain and a host of related problems.

# data[].attributes.body
Allows user to control a pointer on the screen.
Example:
1)mouse-pointing device that fits under palm of your hand comfortably
2)trackball-pointing device with ball on its top or side
3)touchpad- pointing device that sensitive to pressure and motion
4)pointing stick-pointing device shaped like a pencil eraser that is pressure sensitive

# data[].attributes.body
Example:
1)Graphic card-allows user to hand-draw images,animation and graphics
2)Scanner-allow user to converts printed material into a form the computer can used.

# data[].attributes.body
Allow user to speak into a computer

# data[].attributes.body
Allow user to capture videos and image ,make phone video calls,broadcast live images over the internet.

# data[].attributes.body
Input device that sensitive to pressure;a user interact with the computer by touching picture or word on the screen.

# data[].attributes.body
Allow user to take picture and store them digitally

# data[].attributes.body
1)Optical Character Recognition(OCR)-allow user to read the character from ordinary documents
2)Optical Mark Recognition-allow user to scans the hand drawn mark document and matches the patterns of light
3)Barcode reader-allow user to read barcode by using laser beam
4)RFID-allow user to reads information on the tag via radio waves
5)Magnetic stripe card reader-allow user to read the magnetic stripe on the back of card
6)MICR-allow user to read text printed with magnetized ink
7)Biometric input device-allow user to authenticates person's identity by veryfying a personal characteristics.

# data[].attributes.body
Allow user to send data to or receive information from a host computer.
Example: ATM and DVD kiosk

# data[].attributes.body
Any type of hardware components that conveys information to one or more people.

# data[].attributes.body
Convey information to user in the form of text,graphic and video
1)LCD monitor-desktop monitor that used liquid crystal display to produce images
2)CRT monitor-a desktop monitor that contain a cathode ray tube
3)Plasma monitor-display device that uses gas plasma technology.

# data[].attributes.body
Directs movement and acrions of on-screen objects
Example:
1)gamepad
2)joystuck
3)lightgun
4)dance pads
5)motion-sensing controllers

# data[].attributes.body
An output that conveys information to the user in the form of text and graphics on a physical medium.
Example:
1)ink-jet printer
2)dot-matrix printer
3)laser-printer
4)thermal printers
5)mobile printers
6)label and postage printers
7)plotters
8)large-format printers

# data[].attributes.body
Output device that touch-sensitive device,resembling a dry-erase board,that displays the image on a connected computer screen.

# data[].attributes.body
A device that can be both input and output.
Example:
1)touchscreen
2)digital camera
3)headset
4)facsimile

# data[].attributes.body
An output device that convey information to the user in form of music,speech and other sound
Voice output-occurs when you hear person's voice or when the computer talks through the speakers.

# data[].attributes.body
Output device that takes the text and images displaying on a screen and projects them on a larger screen
Example:
1)LCD projector
2)Digital light processing(DLP) projector

# data[].attributes.body
Expansion Slots-socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card
Adapter card-enchances functions of a component of the system unit and or provides connections to peripherals.
A peripheral is a device that connects to the system unit and is controlled by the processor in the computer.
Example:modems,printers

# data[].attributes.body
Provide the user with a physical response from the device.

# data[].attributes.body
•the computer hardware that record and or retrieves items to and from storage media.
•function to store data and programs when they are not being processed
•stores data permanently
•available in form of hard disk,CD,USB drive
~Reading is the process of transferring items from storage medium into memory
~Writing is the process of transferring items from memory to a storage medium.

# data[].attributes.body
Types of adapter card:
1)CableCARD-allows viewing of digital cable television channel
2)Disk controller-connect disk drives
3)firewire-connects to FireWire devices
4)HDTV tuner-Allows viewing of HDTV broadcast on the monitor
5)MIDI-Connects musical instrument
6)Modem-connect other computer through telephone lines,cable television lines,or other transmission media
7)Network-connect other computers and peripheral
8)PC-to-TV converter-connect a television
9)Sound-connect speakers to microphone
10)TV tuner-Allows viewing of television channels on the monitor
11)USB-connect to USB devices
12)Video-connect a monitor
13)video capture-connects an analog video camera or VCR

# data[].attributes.body
Send resistance to the device in response to action of the user

# data[].attributes.body
Storage Capacity betwwen magnetic,optical and flash memory.
Magnetic disk:
1)External hard disk:2TB or more
2)Internal hard disk:160GB to 2TB
3)Removable hard disk:1TB or more
Optical disk:
1)DVD(1 side-1 layer:4.7GB
2)DVD(1 side-2 layers):8.5GB
3)DVD(2 sides-1 layer):9.4GB
4)DVD(2 sides-2 layers:17GB
5)Blu-ray Disc(1 side-1 layer):25GB
6)Blu-ray Disc(1 sides-2 layers):50GB
7)Blu-ray Disc(2 sides-1 layer):50GB
8)Blu-ray Disc(2 sides:2 layers):100GB
9)CD-ROM:650MB to 1GB

# data[].attributes.body
Uses different pattern of magnetization on a magnetically coated surface to store information
Example:
1)Hard disk-A hard disk contains one or more inflexible,circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data,instruction and infromation.
2)Optical Discs Storage-stores information in deformities on the surface of a circular disc and reads this information by illuminating the surface with a laser diode and observing the reflection.
Types of optical disc:
1)Compact disc(CD)
2)Digital Video Disc(DVD)
3)Blu-ray Disc(BD)

# data[].attributes.body
Typical of flash memory storage and capacities:
1)Solid State Drive(SSD):16GB-256GB
Memory Card
1)Compact Flash(CF):512MB-100GB
2)Secure Digital(SD):512MB-8GB
3)SDHC:4GB-32GB
4)XD Flash Drive:256MB-2GB
1)USB Flash Drive:512MB-100GB