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På engelsk, mer avansert språk

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På engelsk, men ikke så vanskelig

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Democrats Vs Republicans | What is the difference between Democrats and Republicans?

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På grunn av koronapandemien, vil mange millioner amerikanere stemme ved hjelp av poststemmer. Utfylte stemmesedler må da enten sendes inn med vanlig post, eller leveres inn i sikrede konvolutter. 180 millioner amerikanere vil kunne stemme via post. Spørsmålet er om USAs postsystem vil klare å håndtere de mange stemmene.

Selv om navnene til Donald Trump og Joe Biden står på stemmeseddelen, stemmer amerikanske velgere på valgmenn. Det er de som velger president. Til sammen skal det velges 538 valgmenn. En kandidat trenger 270 valgmenn for å få flertall - og dermed vinne presidentvalget. Antall valgmenn avhenger av antall kongressmedlemmer, som bestemmes av folketallet i delstaten, samt antall senatorer, der hver delstat har to representanter. Derfor er det mulig å vinne valget uten å ha et flertall av velgerne i ryggen, slik Trump gjorde i 2016.

Rustbeltet brukes ofte for å beskrive regioner i USA som før levde godt av industri, men som nå preges av arbeidsløshet, fattigdom og fraflytting. Området går fra nordøst i USA til nord i Midtvesten. Rustbeltet går gjennom viktige vippestater som Pennsylvania, Ohio og Michigan, som Donald Trump vant i 2016.

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En oversikt over presidentvalget i USA 2020

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På grunn av koronapandemien, vil mange millioner amerikanere stemme ved hjelp av poststemmer. Utfylte stemmesedler må da enten sendes inn med vanlig post, eller leveres inn i sikrede konvolutter. 180 millioner amerikanere vil kunne stemme via post. Spørsmålet er om USAs postsystem vil klare å håndtere de mange stemmene.

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BBC har lagd en fin side om kandidatene. Denne er på engelsk, og kan være litt vanskelig for en del av dere, det kan være lurt å kikke på NRK og/eller dagbladet sin oversikt først.

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BBC har lagd en fin side om kandidatene. Denne er på engelsk, og kan være litt vanskelig for en del av dere, det kan være lurt å kikke på NRK og/eller dagbladet sin oversikt først.

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Every four years, people in the United States vote for who they want to be their president.

The person they choose will make decisions about how the US is run and how it works with other countries.

The process to pick a new president is a long one starting in February before building up to election day in November 2020.

Here is Newsround's guide to who will be fighting it out in November's presidential election.

Donald Trump

MICHAEL REYNOLDS / EPA
Political Party
Republican. They're the party who have an elephant as their symbol and use red as their official colour.
Who is he?
You might have heard of him as he's currently the 45th President of the United States.

Before that, Trump was one of America's most famous businessmen and starred on the American reality shows 'The Apprentice' and 'Celebrity Apprentice'.

He's 74 and was born in Queens, New York.
Family
He's married to Melania, his third wife, and they have a son called Barron. Melania used to be a model, and is only the second First Lady (partner of the president) to have been born outside of the United States. She was born in Slovenia, which is in eastern Europe.

Trump also has four children from previous marriages called Donald Junior, Ivanka - who works with her father as a presidential adviser - Eric, and Tiffany.
Career highlight?
Well, Mr. Trump is a keen golfer and in 2019 claimed to gone round a very tricky course in just 68 strokes - a score you'd expect from professional players. Pretty good, Mr. President.

However, we reckon that was round of golf probably still wasn't as good as winning the 2016 US presidential election against Hillary Clinton without any previous political experience.

As well as that, he has led a successful company that builds hotels, casinos and other property around the world.
Low points?
In December 2019, Donald Trump was impeached.

Impeachment is a process which lets senior figures be held to account if they are suspected of committing offences while in charge - and it's a really big deal.

He was accused of abusing his power as president by pressurising Ukraine's government to dig up damaging information about Joe Biden - his main political competitor for this year's presidential election (there's lots more about him further down this article).

Trump was only the third president in history to face an impeachment trial but was eventually found not guilty in February this year.
What do people say about him?
His fans think he's great - they say he's not a normal politician and is shaking things up. They say he's making America great again and is putting American people and companies first and listens to the concerns of ordinary people more than other politicians do.

They also say that before coronavirus affected everyone, he'd done a lot to create jobs and grow the US economy.

His critics say he's been a divisive force in America and isn't up to the job.

They say he's made a mess of the way the US has handled coronavirus, that he's undoing the efforts made to combat climate change, and he's been accused of policies and statements that encourage racism.

He's also accused of damaging the US reputation abroad by withdrawing from big international organisations and arguing with other countries,
What you might not know about him
Trump was a star baseball player at New York Military Academy when he was a teenager.

He's also the third tallest president at 6 foot 3 inches. He is just an inch behind the man in the top slot - Abraham Lincoln.

As well as setting up a huge business empire, staring in the Apprentice television series, having three marriages and five children, getting quite good at golf and becoming president... Donald Trump has also found the time to write 16 books that help people learn how to think like a billionaire.
Political Party
Democratic. They're the party who use a donkey as their symbol, and use blue as their official colour.
Who is he?
He's not a new face in US politics - he's a former vice-president, and has been a politician in Washington DC since 1973!

He served as President Barack Obama's deputy from 2009 to 2017. He did a lot of work around trying to reduce gun violence, and worked with other parts of the US government to negotiate spending.

Before that, he represented the state of Delaware in the Senate - one half of the US Congress, which is where representatives elected by each of America's fifty states work - for 36 years.

He's 77 and was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania. If he wins the election he'd be the oldest president ever when he takes over the job in January 2021.
Family
Married Neilia Biden in 1966. They had three children, Naomi, Robert, and Joseph III, known as 'Beau'.

Sadly, he lost his first wife and daughter Naomi in a car accident in 1972, and in 2015, his son Beau Biden died of cancer in 2015.

In 1977, he got married a second time, to a teacher called Jill Jacobs. They have one child together, Ashley.

He has six grandchildren - the youngest born in 2020.
Career highlights?
Long before he got into politics, he played American Football for his school, Archmere. They went a whole season unbeaten in 1960, so that's probably quite high up there.

However, he did go on to be vice-president, so that might edge that unbeaten season,

Biden was an influential adviser to President Obama and a vocal supporter of his policies.

In 2017, President Barack Obama surprised Biden with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honour, calling him "the best vice-president America has ever had."
Low points?
Biden has attempted to run for president before - in 1987 and 2007 - but failed to earn the Democratic party nomination on both occasions.

Though in 2007, he impressed Barack Obama enough to be asked to run as his vice-presidential nominee.
What do people say about him?
His fans say he's an experienced politician and leader who can get America back on track after the Donald Trump years.

He's promised to try to heal the divides in American society, to support racial equality and to have the US play more of a role in the international community.

His critics say he's been a politician for too long and is out of touch with what the concerns of ordinary people actually are.

They say hasn't achieved as much as he claims to help different parts of society. They also say that at 77 he's too old to start being president - he'd be the oldest president ever and when his first term was over he'd be over 80.
What you might not know about him
As a child, Biden struggled with a stammer.

He eventually overcame his speech impediment by memorising long passages of poetry and reciting them out loud in front of the mirror.

He has talked about overcoming his stammer on the campaign, and talked about how he has to "think in terms of not rushing," which he says helps give him confidence.

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Trump v Biden: Meet the US presidential election 2020 candidates - CBBC Newsround

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Every four years, people in the United States vote for who they want to be their president. The person they choose will make decisions about how the US is run and how it works with other countries. The process to pick a new president is a long one starting in February before building up to election day in November 2020.

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Her kan du se hvem som sannsynligvis ville fått flest stemmer om valget blir holdt nå.

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Joe Biden was elected president of the US, winning the battleground state of Pennsylvania to reach the 270 votes needed to secure a majority in the electoral college. Donald Trump rejected the outcome, saying his opponent was "rushing to falsely pose as the winner".

Mr Trump has won North Carolina. Georgia certified its result after a hand recount showed that Mr Biden had carreid the state by just over 12,000 votes.

Mr Biden also won Nevada, Wisconsin, Michigan and Arizona, according to race calls by the Associated Press. Mr Trump carried Florida, Texas, Ohio and Iowa.

Some states' counts have taken long to complete because of the large number of postal votes cast in the election. More than 100m Americans voted early or by post.

Control of the Senate came down to two Georgia elections that were decided in run-offs on January 5. In one of the two races, Democrat Raphael Warnock defeated the Republican incumbent Kelly Loeffler. In the other race, Democratic candidate Jon Ossoff has a narrow lead over Republican incumbent David Perdue. If Republicans win either race, they will retain control of the Senate. If Democrats win both races, they will control an evenly-divided Senate through the casting vote of incoming vice-president Kamila Harris.

The Democrats have maintained control of House of Representatives with a reduced majority.

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Joe Biden was elected president of the US, winning the battleground state of Pennsylvania to reach the 270 votes needed to secure a majority in the electoral college. Donald Trump rejected the outcome, saying his opponent was "rushing to falsely pose as the winner". Mr Trump has won North Carolina.

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Fakta om valget i USA 🇺🇸

Når er det valg i USA?

Valget er 3. november i år

Det amerikanske presidentvalget legges alltid til den første tirsdagen etter den første mandagen i november. Det betyr at valgdagen i år er lagt til tirsdag 3. november.

Vanligvis blir valgresultatet klart allerede seint samme dag, men den pågående coronapandemien kan forårsake forsinkelser. Flere velgere enn tidligere ventes å avgi sine stemmer via post, og det kan medføre utfordringer.

Hvor mye tjener USAs president?

Den amerikanske presidenten har en årslønn på 400 000 dollar, som utgjør nesten 3,6 millioner kroner, og lønna er fastsatt i amerikansk lov.

I tillegg får presidenten bruke 50 000 dollar - om lag 450 000 kroner - til ikke-spesifiserte utgifter, 100 000 dollar - om lag 900 000 kroner - til reiseutgifter og 19 000 dollar - om lag 170 000 kroner - til underholdningsutgifter.

Milliardæren Donald Trump har valgt å ikke ta i mot verken lønn eller godtgjørelser, og donerer den heller til ulike veldedige formål - i likhet med flere presidenter før ham.

Hva står Demokratene for?

I USA er Demokratene forkjempere for velferdsstaten, og statlig regulering og skatter som står i stil med oppgavene partiet ønsker at staten skal besørge.

Det demokratiske partiet er ansett for å være USAs liberale parti, men definisjonen av et liberalt parti i USA, er annerledes enn det er for eksempel i Norge.

I sosiale spørsmål, som for eksempel spørsmålene om likekjønnet ekteskap og kvinners rettigheter, anses partiet å være liberalt.

Hva står Republikanerne for?

Det republikanske partiet er ansett for å være USAs konservative parti, både i økonomiske og i sosiale spørsmål.

Republikanere er forkjempere for en mindre stat, færre statlige reguleringer og et lavere skattetrykk.

Økonomisk har de tradisjonelt kjempet for næringslivet og privatisering av tjenester slik at staten skal besørge så få oppgaver som mulig.

Hvor lenge kan USAs president sitte?

En amerikansk president kan sitte i to perioder, åtte år til sammen.

I motsetning til for eksempel Norge, har USA begrensninger på hvor lenge en amerikansk president kan sitte, og begrensningen er nedfelt i det 22. grunnlovstillegget, som ble vedtatt i 1947, men ikke innført før i 1951.

Den sier at en president bare kan sitte i to perioder. Én periode er på fire år. Det betyr at en amerikansk president bare kan sitte i åtte år til sammen.

Hvilken president i USA har sittet lengst?

Franklin D. Roosevelt er den eneste presidenten i USAs historie, som har sittet lenger enn åtte år.

Han vant fire valg, men døde nesten tre måneder inn i sin fjerde periode som president. Da hadde han vært president i 4422 dager.

Roosevelt var president fra 1933 til 1945, og det var blant annet hans tredje og fjerde valgseier som for alvor satte i gang diskusjonene om man skulle begrense antall perioder en president kan sitte med makta.

Før det 22. grunnlovstillegget ble vedtatt og innført, var det bare tradisjon som forhindret presidenter fra å stille til valg flere enn to ganger. Det var USAs første president, George Washington, som etablerte tradisjonen.

Hva er forskjellen på statsminister og president?

Hovedforskjellen på en statsminister og en president, er at en statsminister blir utnevnt av et lands parlament, mens en president blir direkte valgt av folket.

I parlamentarismen, styresettet Norge har, er det flertallet på Stortinget som avgjør hvem som skal danne regjering, og et flertall på Stortinget kan når som helst avsette statsministeren.

I et presidentsystem stemmer velgerne direkte på presidenten, som ikke kan avsettes uten å bli felt i en riksrettssak.

I et presidentsystem, som for eksempel i USA, er presidenten både landets overhode og regjeringssjef, mens i Norge, er kong Harald formelt Norges overhode, mens statsministeren er regjeringssjef.

20. januar: Innvielsesdag

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Valg 2020 Spesial: Presidentvalget i USA!

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Når er det valg i USA? Valget er 3. november i år Det amerikanske presidentvalget legges alltid til den første tirsdagen etter den første mandagen i november. Det betyr at valgdagen i år er lagt til tirsdag 3. november. Vanligvis blir valgresultatet klart allerede seint samme dag, men den pågående coronapandemien kan forårsake forsinkelser.

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How the Republican Party went from Lincoln to Trump

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Valgmann - Elector

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Does your vote count? The Electoral College explained - Christina Greer

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WE'RE ALL DOOMED - Trump vs. Biden ft. "Weird Al" Yankovic

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LOOK HERE'S THE DEAL!  Trump vs Biden REMIX (2020 US Presidential Debate) - WTFBRAHH

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Thomas Seltzer aka Happy Tom's UXA - Dokumentarserie som undersøker hvordan det står til med den amerikanse drømmen.

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Thomas Seltzer aka Happy Tom's UXA - Dokumentarserie som undersøker hvordan det står til med den amerikanse drømmen.

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Thomas Seltzer legger ut på tur gjennom sitt første hjemland for å sjekke ståa til den amerikanske drømmen. Første stopp: barndomshjemmet i Wisconsin.