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Genital herpes is caused by sexual skin to skin contact without the use of prophylactics. The sexually transmitted infection is caused by the herpes simplex virus -2 (HSV-2).

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Herpes simplex virus-2 is not the same as herpes simplex virus-1(HSV-1). HSV-1 is oral herpes, which is caused by salvia from an infected sexual partner. Which can also be received from oral sex from infected partner.

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HSV-1 is from sharing utensils, razors, lipstick or chapstick, and by kissing someone with a core sore on their mouth.
HSV-2 is from sexual contact from someone who has genital herpes

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Most people infected with herpes simplex virus are asymptomatic or can also have mild symptoms, which can go unnoticed. Individuals with visible symptoms can experience itching or pain of the genitals. Bumps can appear a few weeks after being infected such as small red bump or white blisters. Ulcers from blisters rupturing can ooze or bleed and can make urinating painful. Scabs will form over the ulcers that are healing.

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Infected areas can include; labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, urethra, vagina, buttocks, anus and cervix.

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Recurrences are common with genital herpes. Symptoms may occur on and off for years. Having genital herpes lesions increases the risk of transmitting other sexually transmitted infections. Newborns can be infected from being exposed to the virus during childbirth. Bladder problems can occur from inflammation of the urethra. Swelling of the urethra can cause it to close which can lead to having a catheter in place to drain the bladder. HSV can cause viral meningitis. Which causes inflammation in the membranes and cerebrospinal fluid causing damage to the brain and spinal cord. Inflammation of the rectal lining.

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Newborns have a risk of catching herpes if the mother has genital herpes for the first time during the last 6 weeks of pregnancy. Neonatal herpes can be passed to the newborn if it was vaginal delivered. Herpes can also be transmitted after birth by an individual who has a cold sore and kisses the newborn. Newborns can become seriously ill very quickly due to their underdeveloped immune systems. Symptoms may include lethargic, irritable, not feeding, fever, rash or sores around eyes and mouth. Treatment of neonatal herpes may be needed for several weeks including antiviral drugs intravenously.

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areas can include; penis shaft and gland, urethra, scrotum, buttocks, and anus

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During an outbreak a doctor will be able to diagnosis genital herpes by viewing the visible sores. A swab of the fluid from the sore can be tested in a lab. If symptoms are not visible then a blood test will be used to look for antibodies of the herpes virus.

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While there is no cure for genital herpes. A doctor can prescribe antiviral medications. Antiviral medications can be used to prevent or shorten the outbreaks during the time the medicine is used. Taking medication can help lower the chances of passing the infection to a sexual partner.

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Prevention of transmitting genital herpes and other STI can be lowered with the use of condoms. Condoms are the best way to prevent transmitting STIs. Getting tested ensures you and your partner are clean. Having sex with just one partner can lower your risk of catching genital herpes. Having multiple sexual partners greatly increases your risk.