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Imagine you are a teacher of Faye. Faye is a Sec 3 Express student. She is not doing well in her studies and often sleeps in class. She is demoralised and did not know what to do. She seems not motivated in her studies and is also unsure of what to do after her national examinations. She can connect well with children. She likes to spend time with her younger cousins and do activities with them. Her father is a computer engineer and her mother is a full-time housewife. She has an older sister who is studying nursing in polytechnic.

- How would you help Faye to get started and motivated, by addressing the question “Who am I?”

- Using the career wheel and factsheet, what helpful questions can you ask Faye?

- What other resources can Faye tap on?

(Please indicate your group name)

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Josh has just received his results for Sec 5NA mid-year examinations.

His favourite subjects are Mathematics and Physics. He had performed below his expectations and at this rate, he is unlikely to qualify for the science course in the Junior College of his choice. His L1R5 is 23 and his L1R4 is 18. He is at a loss as to where to go as he has not considered other education pathway options and is also unsure of the career options that he is interested in. He is also beginning to feel anxious as his friends are starting to plan for their post-secondary education by applying for Polytechnic EAE.

As a hobby, he attends programming lessons and recently came in second for a coding competition.

•How would you use the ECG advising frame to help Josh to make informed decisions?

•How would you use your superpowers to support Josh in the conversation?
......................................................
Below are more guiding questions that can help deepen your discussions too.

•What helpful questions would you ask Josh?

•What resources would you use or refer Josh to?

•What superpowers would you apply?

•What actions would you guide Josh to take?

•How to guide Josh by addressing the 3 ECG questions?

(Please indicate your group name)

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1. Read through the case study (on the column on right).
2. Discuss: How would you use the ECG advising frame to support Josh in making informed decisions?

To help start the group discussion, you may refer to the basic advising frame template.

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(1) Asking about her interests and helping her recognise her strengths - eg. interacting & connecting well with young children

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Using various toolkits - help her identify possible jobs in the industry that utilises such qualities.

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Internal
(1) What are some things that excites her now? -  ie passionate about working with children

External
(1) Who are the people that you can look for guidance/ influences the decisions that you make?

(2) Based on her passion now, does she forsee that she would like to do something similar in the future and how can she can get there?

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If she is interested in the jobs of her family members?
Which part of spending time with children does she enjoy?
What other areas give you joy? What other passion/interests do you have?
Her experiences in VIA / CCA?
What are her strengths?
Follow the Polytechnics' social media platform to find out more.
Volunteer at childcare centre.

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Q1 : What do you think are some qualities or personality habits you have?
Q2 : What are some things you enjoy doing, or sharing with others?
Q3 : What kinds of VIAs / social activities / CCAs or subjects do you prefer?

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Teacher can start the conversation by finding out what are her interests and direct her to some of the courses that she can look at. Elicit ideas from her on what are some of the courses that she knows of that can tap on her strengths (working with children) by asking her 'what are some occupations that you think are related to your interest'. If she is aware of the courses, then direct her to the relevant courses' requirement and how she can work on the relevant subjects.

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1. Find out the jobs that are related to her interest (interacting with young children) using the career wheel
2. Using SkillsFuture portal, students can use the survey to find out her strengths (RIASEC)

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I would address her motivation issue by first getting her to talk about her self worth. Next I will then move on to the VIPS.

First talk about questions regarding internal factors followed by questions regarding external factors.

Skills Future Portal, ECG Counsellor, Career Fair consultants

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1. Start talking to her more on her interest; time spent with her cousins which teacher can use as gauge to determine what Faye could do in her next level of education.

2. "What are the activities that you do during the time spent with your cousins?"

"What makes you so happy spending time with your cousins?"

"Do you feel happy spending time with other younger children?"

3. Faye can attend Early Childhood talks/roadshows during her school's ECG seminar/trips to tertiary education.

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1) MySkillsFuture Portal
2) Personality Tests - free online
3) Seek family, friends, peers & teachers opinions - of what her personality / strengths / interests may be
4) Educational pathways / institutions websites
5) Visit online / onsite - Open houses, or Career sites eg. Go to work with parents / adults
6) Work attachments / internships
7) *Volunteer* - with different social / charity organisations involved in these areas : Giving.sg

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- Ask her what does she normally enjoy doing at her own time, starting from liking to connect with younger minds.
- Ask her why is she dis-interested in class and sleeping
- Her ability to interact & connect with young children is a personality strength (patience) that she can tap into.

- What does she thinks about the jobs that her family members are doing and how it influences her own expectations of what career path that she may what to pursue.
- What do you think is important in an occupation. Remuneration vs purpose.
- How do your friends describe you.

- Her FTs can guide her on the usage of SkillsFuture portal and the Just In Time Factsheet.
- Visit the ECGC in school. Make an appointment.

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1. Get her to focus of her personality and strength i.e working with younger children. Attend career talks in pre school teaching and talk some professionals ie, ECG counselor.
2. What is your interest and what would you like to  do in the future? What have you been doing well thus far? Who do you enjoy spending time with? Who do you look up to when you need advice?
3. ECG counselor, trusted Adults, teachers, Seniors.

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Question 1:

-  Help her see her strengths by having a conversation and helping her reflect on what she is good at (ie connect well with children)

- She can be demoralised as she might have unexpected expectations. Can help her set more managable goals so that she will be able to achieve small successes along the way. Help her identify the subjects she is passionate about and help her establish

Question 2:
- Ask her to share her experiences so that she can find out more about her passion and strengths -> encourge her to pursure her passion (eg volunteer)

Question 3
- Teacher can share the poly/ uni subject requirements so that Faye can have a clearer vision
- Personality test

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Expose Faye's to possible career options that she can work with young children since she has great interest in doing activities with young children.

Possible career options/exposure: Early Childhood, Working with children in Pediatric, service industries like working at places of interests e.g. SEA Aquarium

Share criteria to Faye for various courses that she needs for higher institutions studies.

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Resources:
-Provide short term work attachment for them to experience and also for them to be aware of the current and future market. After the work attachment, follow up and ask her how she feels about it and whether her interest is sustainable.

Questions to ask:
- Ask questions to allow her to understand herself better. eg What do you like to do?
- What are your strength and interest?

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1. Get Faye to answer the following questions:
- What do you like to do in your free time?
- What kind of activities do you engage your younger cousins in?
- What are your strengths?
- How would you like to help others in future?

2. Find out more about Faye's other strengths and interests:
- What is your CCA? What do you like about  your CCA?
- Which family member can you relate to the most? How much do you understand about your family members' professions? Can you see yourself in the same profession in future?

3. Other resources:
- Approach her FTs, ECG Counsellor
- Explore the SkillsFuture Portal, do RIASEC personality profiling
- Speak to pre-school teachers to find out more about the profession, job shadowing.

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Teacher needs to help Faye identify her skills and her strengths by asking things like: What do you like to do?, What keeps you occupied in your free time? What is your CCA? What does your parent wish for you to do?
- Perform a personality trait test to determine alignment with interest.
- Go to Skills Future portal to find her interest.
Upon conclusive details, Faye would be able to find strong reasons to motivate herself towards her goals as well as her studies.

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1. What are some things you feel strongly about?
2. What do you enjoy doing in your free time?
3. How do your family/friends describe you?
4. Which subject(s) do you enjoy?
5. What do you see yourself doing in the future? / What do you want to be able to do in the future?

Skills & Strengths
1. What are your skill(s) or strength(s)?

Significant others
1. Who do you look up to in your family and why?
2. What is your view of your family members' careers?

Personality
1. Are you an inquisitive or curious person?
2. Do you like meeting/interacting people?

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1. Get Faye to identify her strengths and her areas of interest. Consider careers that allows her to connect with her strengths and interest.
2. Ask Faye to reflect on the activities such as VIA, external activities that she enjoyed.
3. Get Faye to look through list of Polytechnic courses that allows her to connect with people.
4. Allow Faye to broaden her horizons and research more and look out for jobs that may not be common.
5. Get Faye to connect the skills that she is acquiring in school to jobs where she can apply such skills.

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1 - Make use of the various questionnaire in SkillsFuture portal to understand more about herself (VIPS).
2 - Name 3 activities/areas you enjoy doing and don't mind pursuing in the near future.
3 - Make use of SkillsFuture to find out more about the industries that are of her interest and shortlist 3 jobs. And what post-secondary courses are required.

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Q1: How would you see yourself following the footsteps of either one of your family members?

Q2: Do you find joy working with young children? How would you like a future/career working with young children?

Q3: I see that you are enthusiastic in engaging with young children. What are your potential strengths that you find in yourself that you can engage them in this manner?

Q4: Will consulting the school's ECG counsellor help you to gain awareness of what career pathways that enable you to engage with young children?

Q5: What is it in your cousins that you find enjoyment in doing activities with them?

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1. Besides JC, have you explored the possible courses in the polytechnics which are linked to your interest and/or learning?
2. What industries have you considered based on your interest and how are they aligned to your VIPS?
3. Tell me more about why you have chosen this industry?
4. What are the ways you can find out more about this industry?
5. What are the possible occupations in this industry?
6. Have you spoke to your significant others (family/friends) who share similar interests?
7. Are you intending to apply for polytechnic through EAE?

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Inform him that he should not just restrict to the JC. Teachers can expose him to know about the courses available in poly as well.

His results are average during the MYE, but he can still work towards his goals to meet the criteria for the courses/ schools that he can work on.

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Explore alternative pathways (Pre-conceived notion on JC vs Poly)
Talk to his seniors on possible route
Assist to navigate his options

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(1) What is(are) the actual reason(s) that you wish to enter the JC rather than Poly?
(2) What are your expectations of life / subjects - in JC and in the Poly?
(3) Which industry (industries) or fields you foresee yourself in? (Not overfocus on 'subject')
(4) Are you clear as to which future 'trends' / career development areans are opening up?

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1. Ask Josh not to feel disheartened as it is the MYE results so he still has time to work on his results.
2. Get him to leverage on his interests in Mathematics and Physics and consider courses that allow them to further develop his interest.
3. He should not worry about his friends applying for EAE unless he is sure about what polytechnic courses he is interested in.

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- Ask Josh if he is familiar with the other post-secondary paths; Are there any reasons why he has not considered other pathways besides JC.
- Based on his area of interests, show him other options (MI, Polytechnic courses) that are available, that can still lead him to his goal (University / Occupation).
- Super Powers: Empathy & Navigation

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We will focus on his skills (programming/coding), the skills that he is good at.

We can expose him to the different courses which relates to his interest (e.g. Computer Engineering in Polytechnics).

Josh can attend open houses conducted by Polytechnics and probably the alumni can share success stories with him (e.g. pathways, learning experiences, working experiences).

We can use our 'Empathy' superpower to emphatize his anxiety,
'Innovation' superpower to share with him all the options that are available to him in Polytechnics.

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Consider alternative pathways e.g. Higher NITEC or EAE - coding.
Since he has interest in coding, he may use it to enter a course related to coding or programming.
Visit websites of Polytechnics or ITEs on prospective of programming courses.
Resources: Skills Future site, ECG counsellor.

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1. Asking Josh to overcome his fear, reassure him that JC is not the only option. Explore other options available based on his interest and strengths.
2. Look out for Tertiary Institutions, the COP and Millenia Institute if he is academically inclined.
3. Josh need to be sure of his interest and look out for the career options based on the course he's going to pursue.

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1. Find out about his interests. Since he likes coding, ask if he is aware of any related courses of study? Refer to JAE Booklet for selection of poly courses and cut-off aggregates.
2. Assign relevant SLS packages for him to learn more about different industries (ICT).
3. Visit different institute's websites to find out more about different courses of study to find out if he is interested about any other courses apart from just JC education.
4. Prepare for DSA or EAE application based on his skills or strengths (coding).
5. Get him to reflect on his own learning style. Is JC or Poly education more suitable for him?

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1)      Need the student to know his values, interest and skill , eg coding.

2)      Explore courses and career options. Use My skill Futures/ JAE etc as resources

3)      Check the cut off grades needed for the course he needed/

4)      Encourage him to apply for EAE after he is sure of the course he wants

5)      In the event he cannot get into EAE , and cannot get into IT course based on his grades, he should explore other courses such as “Common Engineering” which is related to his interest.

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Table 18
Why does he want to go JC?
What does he want to do in the future?
- He should go into Skills Future to identify the subjects that he needs for his aspirations.
- How does he plan to improve his results for those relevant subjects.
- Refer to JAE booklet for subject combination.
- Check the pathway towards his aspirations.
- Examine Pros and Cons of JC vs Poly.

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- Why do you want to go to JC?
- What is the underlying reason for a fixated pathway?
- Help him to broaden his perception on the other possible pathway that is still align with his interest.
- Is he willing to pursue other courses like programming, engineering, information technology and other math science related courses.
- Superpowers: Why choose when we can use all of them?

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Q1: Are you aware of courses that are related to Math and/or Physics in the polytechnics?

Q2: Since you are proficient in programming, would you be considering computing as an option in IHL?

Q3: Are there any particular reason(s) why you are fixated onn joining the JC's science course?

Q4: Since EAE open to applications, would you want to give it a go to apply for courses related to your strengths?

Q5: Perhaps you can check out the course prospectus on the polytechnic websites, to explore the career opportunities that come along with the courses.

Q6: You can attend Open Houses at Polytechnics to seek clarifications and gain greater awareness of the wide repertoire of the courses available.

Q7: Superpower: Navigation

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Questions:
- Why did you choose to go for the programming lesson?
- Why do you prefer JC?

Resources:
- Show him the requirement to enter the computing and programming courses in Poly.
- Show him the different education pathway that he can consider.

Action:
-Sign up related workshop held by poly.

Superpower:
- Influence
- Innovation
-Empathy

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How would you use the ECG advising frame to help Josh to make informed decisions?

- Have a conversation with him so that he is aware of his strengths (Fav subject and skills

- Find out why he is fixated on going to a JC and if it is because he assumes that it is a direct route to uni, teacher can show him the different educational pathways avaliable to him.

- Expose him to the different online tools like Skillsfuture to allow him to explore his options and avaliable oppotunities to develop his ability and pursure his interest.

How would you use your superpower to support Josh in the conversation?
Influence: Encourage him to pursue his strength and keep an open mind (eg not just focus on applying for JC and  if he wishes to pursure his interest in programming)

Navitagtion: Expose him to the different pathways avaliable

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- Use the VIPS
- Use the skillsfuture portal to evaluate himself
- Advise him to explore polytechnic courses related to his strengths and interests, refer to JAE/Poly websites.
- Advise him to consider applying EAE for courses related to his strengths and interests, he may consider using his 2nd place in coding as his portfolio for his application if he is interested in those courses he is applying.

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I will ask Josh what are his goals for going JC? I will ask him what about considering other options besides JC.

JAE Booklet
Skills future portal
Vocational Institution websites
Open House

Navigation - guiding him towards pathways of his interest
Empathy - offering a listening ear by understanding his situation better
Influence

To rethink and explore his options
Since coding is his hobby, he can explore jobs related to coding

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1) MySkillsFuture Portal
2) Chat with ECG Counsellor / Online Consultation with ECG experts
3) Research online - the career development trends, and consider personal characteristics which might fit certain areas
4) Website info of different educational institutions

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Not to discourage him for aiming for JC because of his MYE results. However, can still direct him to check out some of the related Mathematics and Physics related courses in Poly so that he will have more options available to him after his actual results are out.

Use the power of empathy to show that we understand that he is anxious but should also work towards coming out with concrete steps to take so as to realize his dream. Use the power of navigation to get him to explore the various platforms to seek related info like through JC/poly openhouses and JAE booklet.