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Our questions and related concepts/ phrases:

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Our questions and related concepts/ phrases:

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Understanding the TD theme: Sorting if out

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Understanding the TD theme: Sorting if out

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https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/12Y2QHlETzLs8S3qpmU6HiFqEhyZkD0WG/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=109098069744855374313&rtpof=true&sd=true

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https://padlet.com/sujadoyline/1fvqe8hm56tyfxvl

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What are the things that we all can inquire together?

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What are the things that we all can inquire together?

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https://padlet.com/sujadoyline/sk1od0nw2d86zz8d

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https://padlet.com/sujadoyline/n383dikdfapxzjjg

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https://padlet.com/sujadoyline/7eslibjrc4zzqoki

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https://padlet.com/sujadoyline/2i8hl18urlgbx3nf

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https://padlet.com/mrunmayeed/sdpewlathtrcx6t2

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Initially there was only one company manufacturing vaccine but later many countries designed vaccine like
Covishield coaxing etc first it was given to seniors later on it was open to all above 18 first the duration between 2 vaccine was more but now it is less as time passed now the vaccine has improves and accepted by all countries.

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1. A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease.[1] A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune systemto recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it, and to further recognize and destroy any of the microorganisms associated with that agent that it may encounter in the future.

2. When it enters our body our body becomes antibody and it becomes strong to fight against any virus and we can protect our body but still it is not 100 percent safe so we have to follow safety measures like social distancing wearing mask use sanitise.

3. Vaccination is a simple, safe, and effective way of protecting you against harmful diseases, before you come into contact with them. It uses your body’s natural defenses to build resistance to specific infections and makes your immune system stronger.

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and this is importance of geting vaccine:  Vaccination is the most cost-effective medical intervention for preventing mortality and morbidity against infectious diseases. A number of effective and safe vaccine

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How does vaccine change overtime
Initially there was only one company manufacturing vaccine but later many countries designed vaccine like
Covishield coaxing etc first it was given to seniors later on it was open to all above 18 first the duration between 2 vaccine was more but now it is less as time passed now the vaccine has improves and accepted by all countries.

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1. Vaccine train your immune system to create antibodies , these antibodies fight against the virus.

2. The vaccine is made from the killed or weekend form of germ like virus and bacteria . They do not cause the disease or put you in infection.

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Stages of vaccination development involve 

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Stages of vaccination development involve 

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Stages of vaccination development involve
1 basic lab research last for 2 to 3 years
2 Then vaccine is tested on animals After testing animal the vaccine is tested on small groups of people
3 First the vaccine is tested on adult age then it is applied on children
4 there 3 trial done human and then the producers submits the vaccine to Biological license applications.(FDA)
5 FDA will inspect the vaccine and approve
6 This is how labelled vaccines comes out in the market

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There are many types of vaccines they are smallpox , rabbits plaque chlora typhoid and corona vaccine.

sputnik's v vaccine thats target delta variant and it is strain of covid19.

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All vaccines contain an active component (the antigen) which generates an immune response, or the blueprint for making the active component. The antigen may be a small part of the disease-causing organism, like a protein or sugar, or it may be the whole organism in a weakened or inactive form.

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An inquiry into the natural world and its laws; the interaction between the natural world (physical and biological) and human societies; how humans use their understanding of scientific principles; the impact of scientific and technological advances on society and on the environment.

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HOW ARE VACCINE MADE
HOW WERE VACCINE INVENTED
HOW DO VACCINE WORK
HOW CAN VACCINE HELP TO MAINTAINE OUR HEALTH
DIFFERNT PERSPECTIVE ON VACCINE
FINAL ACTION: SHARING THE IMPORTENCE OF VACCINE

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Vaccine development started more than two centuries ago when English doctor Edward Jenner treated a young boy by injecting him with pus from cowpox blisters found on a milkmaid's hands. Cowpox contains the vaccine virus, which causes smallpox. The injection immunized the boy against smallpox.

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Vaccines contain weakened or inactive parts of a particular organism (antigen) that triggers an immune response within the body. Newer vaccines contain the blueprint for producing antigens rather than the antigen itself.

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HOW CAN VACCINE HELP TO MAINTAINE OUR HEALTH

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HOW CAN VACCINE HELP TO MAINTAINE OUR HEALTH

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Vaccines prevent diseases that can be dangerous, or even deadly. Vaccines greatly reduce the risk of infection by working with the body's natural defenses to safely develop immunity to disease.

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THERE ARE MANY PEOPLE THEY HATE VACCINE BUT WHY THEY DO ARE IN THOSE PEOPLE SO TELL ME WHY YOU SAY SO.

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FINAL ACTION: SHARING THE IMPORTENCE OF VACCINE

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FINAL ACTION: SHARING THE IMPORTENCE OF VACCINE

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I WILL TAKE ACTION IN MY ACTION I WILL MAKE MANY BANNERS AND POSTERS AND TELL THAT These Health Care Workers Would Rather Get Fired Than Get Vaccinated

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You can post your inquiry and research work here

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Shalini mam my homework

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we inquired about lines inquiry and central idea

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we inquired about lines inquiry and central idea

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how do vaccine works
How are vaccine developing                           How have vaccine changed over time  Importance of getting vaccine

central idea: Vaccines can help maintain our health and well-being by preventing diseases.

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What is the mode of action of vaccines?
https://youtu.be/OVcVSyjJkY4

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Smallpox: was made in 1796 by Edward Jenner called the of immunology pioneered the concept of vaccine creating the smallpox

Rabies and cholera : Louis Pasteur introduced the attenuat vaccine he also developed the first vaccine against rabies and cholera in humans it was made in 1880

Hepatitis A : the first hepatitis A vaccine was devolope in 1992

Polio vaccine: Hilary koprowski was a polish virologist who demonstrated the world effective polio vaccine it was made in 1950

Ebola vaccine : the first Ebola vaccine ( vsv- E bov) was approved in 2019 it was found to be 100 against the viruses

Covid 19 2020 : covid 19 vaccine was found on 2 december

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timeline of vaccine solo work

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What is the mode of action : A vaccine simulate an immune respond and a 'memory' of the body to a specific de disease without causing the disease most vaccine contain a greatly weekend or an inactivation killed form of a virus or bacterium that usually causes a diseases or a bacterium this is called the antigen

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A vaccine works by training the immune system to recognize and combat pathogens, either viruses or bacteria. To do this, certain molecules from the pathogen must be introduced into the body to trigger an immune response. These molecules are called antigens, and they are present on all viruses and bacteria.

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Introduction

Essential Agreements :We discussed the essential agreements that will be followed during the process of PYP exhibition

Research work :Students have been assigned the task of researching about the vaccinations they have taken since their childhood or the vaccines they should have taken since childhood along with their purposes and documenting the information in a word doc.

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Ismail AGE.                           VACCINATION 

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Ismail AGE.                           VACCINATION 

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Birth.                     BCG+HBV1.
1 month.                 HBV2
2 months.                PV1
3 months.                 PV2+DTP1
4 months.               PV3+DTP2
5 months                DTP3
6 months.               HBV3+MPVal.
8 months.               MR+JEV1
9 months.                MVP-a2.
18 months.         MMR+DTP4+HAV
2 years.                JEV2
3 years.   MPV-acl
4 years       PV4
6 years.        MPV-ac2+DT

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How vaccines help. Vaccines contain weakened or inactive parts of a particular organism (antigen) that triggers an immune response within the body. Newer vaccines contain the blueprint for producing antigens rather than the antigen itself. It trane our immune system to fight with the particular disease and virus

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Initially due to pandemic people used to doubt about vaccine  but gradually due to awareness and efforts of government  and
W.H.O people started believed in vaccine and death rate came down and even if found positive they can stay quarantine  and no need for hospitalization. In due coarse .
Many people started taking vaccine and offers of Government  and volunteers proved successful even many celebrities promoted vaccine like Salman Khan,
Shahrukh Khan,Amitabh Bhachan and ETC
Promotes vaccine and efforts were successful and now India is number 1 Countryin the world due to less patients and after  first and second dose now booster dose is available thanks to our scientists who invented vaccine over time now there is vaccine for children beetween age 15 to 18also has come.

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Vaccine work in our immune system in body it enters our body and boost our body the person with low lmmunity slightly has fever and body pain but the person with good immu
Ne system has no effect and no body pain and body become antibody and virus has less impact on our body and it can fight against this virus and we can be safe but for precautions we have to wear mask sanitise ourselves and be hygienic and protect ourselves and others

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HOW VACCINES ARE EVOLVING OVER TIME.

1.     The smallpox vaccine was the first vaccine to be developed against a contagious disease. In 1796, the British doctor Edward Jenner demonstrated that an infection with the relatively mild cowpox virus conferred immunity against the deadly smallpox virus.

2.     Pearl Kendrick, seen here in 1942, was a bacteriologist with the Michigan Department of Health who developed the first successful vaccine for whooping cough in the 1930s with Grace Eldering. Pertussis vaccine is a vaccine that protects against whooping cough. There are two main types: whole-cell vaccines and acellular vaccines. The whole-cell vaccine is about 78% effective while the acellular vaccine is 71–85% effective.

3.     On July 6, 1885, Pasteur vaccinated Joseph Meister, a nine-year-old boy who had been bitten by a rabid dog. The vaccine was so successful that it brought immediate glory and fame to Pasteur. Rabies vaccine is an active immunizing agent used to prevent infection caused by the rabies virus. The vaccine works by causing your body to produce its own protection (antibodies) against the rabies virus.

4.     Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV). The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which eventually scab over. It usually starts on the chest, back, and face. A live, attenuated varicella vaccine was developed in Japan in the 1970s. The vaccine virus was developed from virus isolated by Michiaki Takahashi from vesicular fluid from an otherwise healthy child with varicella disease.

5.     Rotavirus vaccine is a vaccine used to protect against rotavirus infections, which are the leading cause of severe diarrhea among young children. The vaccines prevent 15–34% of severe diarrhea in the developing world and 37–96% of severe diarrhea in the developed world. A vaccine to prevent rotavirus gastroenteritis was first licensed in the United States in 1998but was withdrawn in 1999 because of its association with intussusception, a type of bowel blockage when the bowel folds into itself like a telescope.

6.     Polio vaccines are vaccines used to prevent poliomyelitis. Two types are used: an inactivated poliovirus given by injection and a weakened poliovirus given by mouth. The World Health Organization recommends all children be fully vaccinated against polio.

The first polio vaccine, known as inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) or Salk vaccine, was developed in the early 1950s by American physician Jonas Salk. This vaccine contains killed virus and is given by injection. The large-scale use of IPV began in February 1954, when it was administered to American schoolchildren.

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WHAT IS THE MODE OF ACTION OF VACCINE?

Each virus and bacterium triggers a unique response in the immune system involving a specific set of cells in the blood, in the bone marrow and all over the body, called T-cells, B-cells, among others.

A vaccine stimulates an immune response, and a ‘memory’ of the body to a specific disease, without causing the disease.

Most vaccines contain a greatly weakened or an inactivated (killed) form of a virus or bacterium that usually causes a disease, or a small part of the virus or bacterium. This is called the antigen.

When a person is given the vaccine, their immune system recognises the antigen as ‘foreign’. This activates the immune system cells so that they kill the disease-causing virus or bacterium and make antibodies against it. Antibodies are special proteins that help kill the virus or bacterium.

Later, if the person comes into contact with the actual infectious virus or bacterium, their immune system will ‘remember’ it. It will then quickly produce the right antibodies and activate the right immune cells to kill the virus or bacterium, protecting the person from the disease.

Immunity usually lasts for years, and sometimes for a lifetime. The length of time varies by disease and by vaccine.

Immunity through vaccination protects not only the immunised individual but also protects unvaccinated people in the community, such as infants who are too young to be vaccinated. This ‘community immunity’ can only work if enough people are vaccinated.

In contrast, a person who becomes immune by getting the disease can expose other unvaccinated people to the disease. The person is also at risk of complications.

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HERE: https://www.canva.com/design/DAE2ud77ry0/share/preview?token=DagHF-hAmo5u7JH1kyk2Vw&role=EDITOR&utm_content=DAE2ud77ry0&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link&utm_source=sharebutton